Cesspool maintenance
Biopreparations should be used constantly, according to the instructions.
In order for the sump to work effectively, it must be pumped out periodically. Therefore, at least once a month it is necessary to open the hatch and inspect whether the pit is filled to the brim. If necessary, pump out.
For more effective purification of sewage, it is recommended to introduce biological preparations - dry bacteria - into the cesspool. The latter, upon contact with water, come to life and begin to process organic matter.
If necessary, chemicals are poured into the sump. They completely break down the contents of the sewer facility, disinfect and remove unpleasant odors. But at the same time, chemicals kill all bacteria. After chemical cleaning, dry bacteria must be covered.
Stages of construction of a cesspool
The pipe is brought to the cesspool under a slope, all joints are sealed
To make a sewer from automobile wheels from Kamaz, you must first dig a hole with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tires. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the required volume of the future structure. Therefore, you must first measure the inner diameter of the wheel, find its area using the formula: S=πD²/4=3.14xD²/4.
The resulting value is multiplied by the width of the tire. This will be the approximate internal volume of the wheel. After that, the calculated volume of the pit is divided by this parameter. The end result is the number of tires required. Accordingly, the depth of the pit will be equal to the width of the wheels multiplied by the amount received.
Since the bottom of the structure will need to be covered with a filter layer, the depth is increased by 30-50 cm.
The next stage is earthworks. They dig a hole for tires, a trench for a sewer pipe. The best option for the latter is a straight section from the house to the pit. The pipe is laid at an inclination of 2-3°.
Construction of a cesspool
At the bottom of the pit with a garden drill, it is necessary to drill a well 1-2 m deep. A plastic pipe 2-3 m long, 100-200 mm in diameter is inserted into it, in which holes 5-10 mm in diameter are drilled. The latter are drilled evenly along that part of the pipe, which is located half a meter above the bottom of the pit. The open upper edge of the pipe must be closed with a synthetic fine mesh. This is a drainage for draining clarified water into the ground.
- The bottom of the pit is covered with rubble or sand.
- Carry out the alignment of the filter layer.
- Two tires are laid on it one on top of the other.
- They are aligned with each other.
- In the mating surfaces, through holes are made, located crosswise.
- A galvanized wire is passed through them (plastic clamps can be used) and twisted.In this way, two car tires are fastened together.
- Further, the rest of the wheels are laid on top, fastened together.
The main task of the manufacturer of works is to achieve the tightness of the structure under construction. Therefore, from the outside, the joints of the tires are covered with a cement-sand mixture or bituminous mastic. This must be done immediately in the process of laying each wheel.
As soon as all the tires are laid, the sinuses between the walls of the pit and the tires are backfilled. To do this, use the soil selected from the pit. But it is better to mix it with sand.
The outer sidewalls of the top tire are sprinkled with soil, which is compacted. This is a blind area that will protect the sewer sump from precipitation and melting snow. Above it is necessary to lay an insulated hatch. It can be a wooden cover assembled from boards. Its inner surface must be glued with foam. A hole is made in the hatch, where a ventilation pipe is inserted to remove unpleasant odors. The longer the pipe, the better.
Design features
For the pit you need to choose a place, which is at a distance 30 meters from the living quarters and 50 from the nearest body of water. A reservoir is not only a lake, but also a well or a well, otherwise, the water from the sources will become unusable. In areas with clay soils and loams, it is allowed to place a pit within 20 and 30 meters, respectively.
Scheme of the drain pit
After that, the required volume of the tank is calculated. On average, one person takes 500 liters per day.Based on this, an open pit is suitable for a family consisting of two people and one child. The optimum depth of the pit is 2 meters. This will protect the drain from freezing and allow you to freely carry out sewage cleaning. Additionally, the rise of groundwater during spring ground movements is taken into account.
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Pit preparation:
- A hole in the ground can be dug independently or with the help of special equipment. To strengthen the walls during the planned installation of a plastic container, a metal mesh is used or a concrete casing is poured;
- As a waterproofing film can be used (it covers the walls of the pit) or bitumen. They process the outer walls of the structure in liquid form (this is especially recommended when arranging the drain with concrete rings);
- Sewer pipes run from the house. They are carried out under some slope to ensure the normal speed of movement of drains;
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After the bottom is isolated. For backfilling, it is recommended to use crushed stone of different fractions - this will provide the most effective filtration of liquid waste. The smallest stone is poured at the bottom - a layer of up to 10 cm, followed by a slightly larger one - 10 cm. The top one consists of the largest stone (broken bricks, building rubbish) - 20 cm;
- If the groundwater is high, then it would be advisable to pour a layer of river sand in front of the crushed stone pillow.
When the preparatory work is completed, the arrangement of the walls begins. Depending on the material chosen, a ready-made plastic tank, bricks, tires are laid, or concrete rings are installed. For tires and concrete rings, it is additionally necessary to seal the joints.Seams are coated with sealant, resin or cement mortar.
Tips for laying the sides of the pit:
- It is most convenient to mount tires if you cut off their ends. This will help seal the joints. Between themselves, the individual tires are connected by bolt fasteners;
- Brickwork is performed only in a checkerboard pattern. The thickness of such walls must be at least 25 centimeters; Figure example of an open pit made of bricks
- Concrete rings have the lowest percentage of sealing. To prevent leakage, the seams between them are coated with a solution, and then with bitumen. For such a cesspool, film waterproofing is required;
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Sewer pipes are laid in pre-prepared holes. Branch pipes protrude from the tank, which are connected to conductors from the house. Fastening is carried out by flexible couplings;
- Sewer pipes are necessarily protected by metal filters. When the tank is full, this will protect them from contamination;
- After that, ventilation and a cover are installed;
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The protruding part of the structure is insulated with clay, penoizol, soil. This will prevent freezing of the upper part of the drains and stopping the sewer system. Pipes from the house must also be insulated.
Several times a season it is necessary to carry out a preventive inspection of the structure. Even if the drains have not reached the maximum level, twice a season you need to call a sewage machine to clean the pit from silt and solid masses. You can solve the problem of such cleanings with the help of microbiological or chemical means. for cesspools.
When solid residues are dissolved by acids or special bacteria, a liquid mass is formed.It easily passes through the filter bottom without creating problems.
Cesspool made from old tires
For the construction of such a structure, it is necessary to find several used tires of heavy vehicles or tractors. Then dig a hole to a certain depth, which should be slightly wider than the diameter of the tires.
Further, it is recommended to treat the joints of the tires with a waterproofing compound outside and inside. Bitumen-based materials are best suited for this. It is not necessary to cover the seams with a solution of cement and sand, since the device will not have a rigid shape, and the mixture will fall out of the cracks.
Pit under the cesspool of tires
Outside, it is desirable to wrap the resulting container with roofing felt and glue it with hot bitumen. Then, the hole must be covered with earth or a mixture of sand and gravel. If possible, then the same mixture should be laid on the bottom of the pit with a thickness of about one meter. This will be a natural kind of filter that will slightly reduce soil pollution. For the top tire, you need to make and install a hatch.
Before filling the pit with soil, an inlet pipe from the house with a diameter of 100 millimeters should be installed in it. In order to make a hole in the tire for the pipe, it will be necessary to show ingenuity and ingenuity. To do this, you can use a grinder and a large sharp knife. Tires, especially tractor tires, are very durable.
Pipe supply to the cesspool
Requirements for the placement of a cesspool on the site
The cesspool should be located at least 5 meters from the residential building. And the distance from the water supply to the cesspool should be at least 30 meters. Otherwise, drinking water sources may be poisoned.To the border of the site, this distance is at least 2 meters.
In this case, it is necessary to build a septic tank with an insulated bottom and an additional filter for sewerage.
The cesspool should have a convenient passage for the sewer truck, because periodically, as it fills up, it will be necessary to remove waste from it. Every year this procedure will need to be done more and more often.
In order to prevent unpleasant odors from the pit from spreading throughout the area of \u200b\u200bthe country house, ventilation should be done using a pipe and placed as high as possible. According to the rules, the height of the ventilation pipe should be within 4 meters.
Cesspool with overflow
To reduce the frequency of pumping out sewage and waste, a cesspool with overflow is used. It consists of two parts. A pipe should go out of the first container into the second part of the pit, or you need to make holes in the wall of the first. When the first part of the cesspool is full, the wastewater will go to the next part of the device.
The second part of the pit is best made from old brick, which will be much cheaper than new products. And instead of holes for draining water in the wall, you can not put a brick in certain places, that is, arrange it in a checkerboard pattern. The bottom of the second container should be made of a layer of sand and gravel, which will be an additional filter.
For permanent residence in a private house or in the country, such a hole should not be made. If the stay of people in the house is temporary or seasonal, then a similar version of a cesspool made of tires will cope with the task of removing sewage and waste. The cost of such a device is much less than the construction of a septic tank from concrete rings and bricks.
A cesspool from old vehicle tires has many disadvantages:
- short service life due to rapid filling, no more than 10 years;
- unpleasant odors on the site of a country house or cottage;
- the tightness of the tire tank will not last long, as a result, the site will be contaminated with harmful substances that will enter the soil;
- difficulties in repair and the impossibility of dismantling will lead to the fact that over time a similar sewage system or a new, more advanced device will have to be done elsewhere.
A tire cesspool is relatively cheap compared to other sewer systems. This is its only advantage, and the disadvantages will not create comfortable living conditions for people. It is better to spend money on a modern septic tank with biological wastewater treatment once than to redo a cesspool in the future.
Published: 23.07.2013
How to make a cesspool out of tires with your own hands
Ordinary car tires are suitable for a cesspool
If you are the owner country house or cottage, then, for sure, they thought about creating all the conditions for comfort in them, that is, transferring a piece of comfort from a city apartment.
Naturally, the first thought is the presence of sewage, because absolutely everyone does not like to constantly take wastewater out into the garden, in particular, in winter. Therefore, most modern people prefer to immediately think about sewerage.
But, unfortunately, many simply cannot afford modern sewer systems, due to their high cost. In addition, such a system implies the presence of a sewer well, which can also cost a pretty penny.
Today, there is the best option - this is a do-it-yourself cesspool of tires, which is easy to install and economical.
In addition, you can equip such a pit yourself, even without any specific building skills.
Before proceeding directly to the consideration of the installation features of such a cesspool, you should pay attention to all its advantages and disadvantages.
You can also use tractor tires for a cesspool
