Boiler selection for a two-storey hotel with 20 rooms

Kinds

Wall-mounted single-circuit boilers are produced in various design options, which can be divided according to the following features:

By type and material of the heat exchanger:

• steel. Stainless steel is used, which has medium capacity and efficiency. Such nodes are usually installed on units of the middle and low price range.
• copper.This assembly exhibits increased heat dissipation, durability and efficiency. It is installed on expensive models from the most famous manufacturers.

On single-circuit boilers, as a rule, one structural type of heat exchanger is used - tubular. It is a spiral of steel or copper tube, which is heated by the flame of the burner.

The coolant passing inside has time to get a high temperature and goes to the following nodes already completely ready for further work.

By type of burners and combustion chambers:

• atmospheric. These are open type burners that use air directly from the room. They need to be connected to a traditional chimney with natural draft for flue gases;
• turbocharged. These units are of a closed type, so the turbofan provides fresh air and smoke removal. Their combustion process is more stable, there are never any problems with smoke removal. The only problem may be the failure of the fan or a power outage.

By way of energy transfer:

• convection. These are boilers operating on the usual principle of heating the coolant with a burner.
• condensation. A relatively new design, in which a two-stage method of heating the coolant is used. First, it is heated from the heat obtained from the condensation of flue gases, and only after that it enters the heat exchanger, where it finally receives the set temperature. This technique allows you to significantly reduce gas consumption, since the coolant is already heated and does not need too intensive preparation. However, specific conditions are necessary for the operation of condensing boilers - the condensing temperature must exceed the return flow temperature.This is possible only on underfloor heating systems, or when the temperature difference between inside and outside is no more than 20 °. In Russia, this is impossible.

NOTE!
When buying a condensing boiler, you should not trust the declared efficiency, which is 107-109%. This is a common marketing ploy.

We must first understand how this unit works.

Useful advice

The scheme of heating in the apartment.

When choosing a boiler for a country house, to which main natural gas is connected, you should not listen to gas service workers. Sometimes they convincingly urge to buy boilers of a certain manufacturer, and people, having come to the store, begin to demand a specific boiler. It seems that the gas workers are not bad, because the gas workers advise a boiler that is already well known to them, but on the other hand they simply advertise the manufacturer and maybe receive an additional salary for this. It happens that they insist and declare that there will be no service from another manufacturer.

In order to choose the right and subsequently purchase a good quality gas boiler, you need to ask your friends or ask the sellers in the store who will choose the best option for a country house or cottage.

Campsites, Botels, Condominiums and other types of hotels

• Campsites - campsites for car, motorcycle and bicycle tourists, which are usually located in the countryside or near the sea (for example, campsites along the entire coast of Croatia are popular). They offer places to stay overnight, often in tents or summer houses, equipped with kitchens and some basic amenities.
• Flotel - a floating hotel, a kind of "resort on the water", which operates seasonally on a floating basis (landing stage, barge, motor ship, etc.)
• Botel - a small hotel on the water, which is used as a suitably equipped vessel.
• Fleitel - air hotel or "flying hotel". This very expensive type of accommodation is equipped with a landing pad and is located far from civilized places, which can only be reached by air.
• Alcazar and Pousada (Spanish: Alkazar - castle) are ancient medieval castles (or monasteries, in Moorish or other styles), which have recently been used as upscale hotels. Found in Spain and Portugal.
• Condominium (from lat. condominium - joint ownership) - joint ownership, possession of a single object. In tourism, condominiums are most often understood as houses on the coast, the use of which is regulated by an agreement between participants in the common property.
• Timeshare (from the English timeshare - time sharing) is the joint ownership of real estate with the ability to use it for a certain time, which is proportional to the monetary contribution. Usage time is measured in weeks.
• In China, there are such types of hotels as hostels or inns such as student dormitories - zhaodaisuo, guest houses - binguan and, considered the most comfortable and prestigious, "wine houses" - jindian.
• In Japan, there is a capsule hotel, the area of ​​\u200b\u200b"rooms" in which does not exceed several square meters.

The best double-circuit gas boilers

Double-circuit boilers simultaneously heat water for both the heating system and the hot water supply. In this section, we will look at the best units without a built-in boiler.

Haier Aquila

4.9

★★★★★
editorial score

89%
buyers recommend this product

A series of wall-mounted double-circuit boilers includes 4 models of boilers with a capacity of 14, 18, 24 and 28 kW.In central Russia, this is enough to heat an area of ​​100-200 square meters. The burner and heat exchanger here are made of stainless steel and are not afraid of corrosion. The tube of the second circuit is copper so that the running water has time to heat up.

The control in all Haier models is electronic: an LCD display is placed on the body, which simplifies communication with the boiler automation. It is possible to connect a remote room regulator - with it, the unit will be able to automatically adjust the burner power to maintain the set temperature. The manufacturer did not forget about the full range of protections: from overheating, freezing, extinguished flame, reverse thrust.

Advantages:

• Small dimensions 750x403x320 mm;
• Daily and weekly programmer of the operating mode;
• Work on the external temperature sensor;
• Possibility of switching to liquefied gas;
• Built-in pump with electronic control and protection against dry start;
• Room sensor already included;
• Heat carrier heating up to +90 °С.

Flaws:

Non-Russian menu.

Well-made and attractive in appearance, the boiler will perfectly fit into a city apartment. With it, it will not only become warm, but it will also be possible to solve the problem of hot water.

Baxi LUNA-3 Comfort 310Fi

4.8

★★★★★
editorial score

88%
buyers recommend this product

See review

The main highlight of this model is a removable control panel, made in a separate case. You can leave it on the boiler, or fix it in any convenient place. The panel has another secret - a built-in temperature sensor. Thanks to him, the boiler can automatically adjust the burner power within 10-31 kW, focusing on the specified parameters. You can also set the water temperature in the second circuit - from 35 to 65 degrees.

Advantages:

• Convenient control from the remote panel;
• Rapid heating of the heating system (relevant for the northern regions);
• Automatic restart in case of network interruptions;
• The built-in pump pumps the coolant up to the 3rd floor;
• A good efficiency indicator is 93%.

Flaws:

No hot water circulation in the secondary circuit.

Baxi LUNA-3 is a premium class in everything: from the appearance of the boiler to its equipment and safety level.

The principle of operation and arrangement of gas boilers

A gas boiler is a wall-mounted or floor-standing unit, predominantly of a rectangular-parallelepiped shape, which generates energy during the combustion of fuel and thereby ensures the functioning of heating and hot water supply systems.

In general, the boiler consists of the following elements:

1. Housing;

2. Burner;

3. Heat exchanger;

4. Circulation pump;

5. Branch for products of combustion;

6. Block of control and management.

Depending on the design, the boiler operates in one of several modes - according to a simplified scheme: gas is supplied to the burner, which is turned on by a piezoelectric element or electricity; the fuel ignites and heats the coolant through the heat exchanger; the latter, with the help of a pump, is forcibly circulated in the heating system.

During operation, an important role is played by safety systems that prevent overheating, freezing, gas leakage, pump blocking and other troubles.

In the operation of the units there are individual features. In the variant with a 2-circuit model, hot water supply is additionally arranged. In the case of an open firebox, combustion products are removed through the chimney, with a closed chamber - through a coaxial pipe. In condensation models, steam energy is also used.

Which is better to choose

Boilers for heating a room of 120 sq.m have a power of 12 kW. On the Russian market, this segment is represented by a wide range of models and their modifications.

The differences are in the configuration (economy, medium, premium), which can significantly affect the cost of the product. Therefore, heating experts recommend for each case to do selection by parameters.

Table. Rating models in the Russian market in terms of "price-quality-demand" ratio.

№	Model name	Specifications and peer review, product features	Price per unit (in rubles)	Rating score (in points from 1 to 12)
1	Buderus Logamax U072-12K (Germany)	Closed combustion chamber. An acceptable combination of innovative technology, reliability and design. German quality at an affordable price.	29400	10,2
2	Protherm Gepard 12 MTV (Russia)	Efficiency - 90-91%. Type of combustion chamber: closed. Fuel - natural or liquefied gas. Wall mount. Mains voltage is single-phase.	36500-37000	9,7
3	Baxi Luna Duo-Tec+ 1.12GA	Environmental technologies have been applied: the content of CO and NOx in the exhaust gases is reduced. When the gas inlet pressure drops to 5 mbar, the rated power is maintained. There is a constant electronic modulation of the flame in heating and hot water modes. The burner is made of stainless steel. A constructive reconfiguration for operation on liquefied gas is provided.	60000-61000	11,0
4	Federica Bugatti ECO 12 Turbo (Italy)	Wall position. The combustion chamber is closed. Control panel with LED indication. Energy efficient combustion chamber design. Innovative group of hydraulics. Electronics and automation provide a "smart" mode of operation: there are functions of frost protection and self-diagnosis. Possibility of connection of the room regulator is provided.	33200-34000	10,5
5	Protherm Skat 12 K (Russia)	Wall position. Single circuit type.	48700	9,5
6	Bosch WBN6000-12C, RN S5700 (producer - Russia)	It is used for heating and organization of hot water supply. Wall installation. Heat exchangers are separate. Transfer to liquefied gas is provided. Power supply - 220 V. The combustion chamber is closed.	30000-32000	10,1
7	Viessmann Vitopend 100 A1JB 12 turbo	Dual unit. Mounting method - hinged (on the wall). Hot water is supplied in flow mode. The degree of protection is high. The consequences of fluctuations in the electrical and gas network are prevented. Equipped with a reliable and convenient LCD display	40000-41000

Requirements for boiler rooms for the installation of solid and liquid fuel boilers

The requirements for volume, dimensions and materials for the boiler room are the same. However, there are several specific ones that are associated with the need to organize a chimney and a place to store fuel. Here are the basic requirements (mostly they are written in the boiler passport):

• The cross section of the chimney must not be less than the diameter of the boiler outlet pipe. It is not allowed to reduce the diameter along the entire length of the chimney.
• It is necessary to design a chimney with the least number of elbows. Ideally, it should be straight.
• At the bottom of the wall there should be an inlet (window) for air to enter. Its area is calculated from the power of the boiler: 8 sq. see per kilowatt.
• The outlet of the chimney is possible through the roof or into the wall.
• Below the chimney inlet there should be a cleaning hole - for revision and maintenance.
• The chimney material and its connections must be gas-tight.
• The boiler is installed on a non-combustible base. If the floors in the boiler room are wooden, a sheet of asbestos or mineral wool cardboard is laid, on top - a sheet of metal. The second option is a brick podium, plastered or tiled.
• When using a coal-fired boiler, the wiring is only hidden; laying in metal pipes is possible. Sockets must be powered by a reduced voltage of 42 V, and switches must be sealed. All these requirements are a consequence of the explosiveness of coal dust.

Please note that the passage of the chimney through the roof or wall must be made through a special non-combustible passage

Oil fired boilers are usually noisy

It is worth saying a few words about liquid fuel boilers. Their work is usually accompanied by a fairly high level of noise, as well as a characteristic smell. So the idea of ​​​​putting such a unit in the kitchen is not the best idea. When allocating a separate room, you should make sure that the walls give good sound insulation, and the smell does not penetrate through the doors. Since the internal doors will still be metal, take care of the presence of a high-quality seal around the perimeter. Perhaps the noise and smells will not interfere. The same recommendations apply to attached boiler houses, although they are less critical.

TOP-10 rating

Consider the most popular models of double-circuit gas boilers, recognized by experts and ordinary users as the most successful in terms of design and operation:

Buderus Logamax U072-24K

Gas double-circuit boiler designed for wall mounting. Equipped with a closed-type combustion chamber and a separate heat exchanger - primary copper, secondary - stainless.

Heating area - 200-240 m2. It has several levels of protection.

Models with the index "K" perform heating of hot water in flow mode. It is possible to connect a room temperature controller.

Federica Bugatti 24 Turbo

Representative of Italian heat engineering, wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler. Designed to work in a cottage or public space up to 240 m2.

Separate heat exchanger - copper primary and steel secondary. The manufacturer gives a 5-year warranty period, which indicates confidence in the quality and operational capabilities of the boiler.

Bosch Gaz 6000 W WBN 6000-24 C

The German company Bosch is known all over the world, so it does not need additional introductions. The Gaz 6000 W series is represented by wall-mounted models designed for operation in private homes.

The 24 kW model is the most common, it is optimal for most residential and public buildings.

There is a multi-stage protection, the copper primary heat exchanger is designed for 15 years of service.

Leberg Flamme 24 ASD

Leberg boilers are usually referred to as budget models, although there is no noticeable difference in cost with the products of other companies.

The Flamme 24 ASD model has a power of 20 kW, which is optimal for houses of 200 m2. A feature of this boiler is its high efficiency - 96.1%, which is noticeably superior to alternative options.

Works on natural gas, but can be reconfigured to liquefied gas (replacement of burner nozzles is required).

Lemax PRIME-V32

Wall-mounted double-circuit boiler, the power of which allows you to heat 300 m2 of area. It is suitable for two-story cottages, shops, public or office spaces.

Produced in Taganrog, the basic technological principles of assembly were developed by German engineers. The boiler is equipped with a copper heat exchanger providing high heat transfer.

It is calculated on operation in difficult technical conditions.

Navien DELUXE 24K

Korean boiler, the brainchild of the famous company Navien. It belongs to the budget group of equipment, although it demonstrates high performance.

It is equipped with all necessary functions, has a self-diagnosis system and frost protection. The power of the boiler is designed to work in houses up to 240 m2 with a ceiling height of up to 2.7 m.

Mounting method - wall, there is a separate heat exchanger made of stainless steel.

MORA-TOP Meteor PK24KT

Czech double-circuit gas boiler, designed for hanging installation. Designed for heating 220 m2. It has several degrees of protection, blocking in the absence of liquid movement.

It is possible in addition to connect an external water heater, which greatly expands the possibilities of supplying hot water.

Adapted to unstable power supply voltage (permissible fluctuation range is 155-250 V).

Lemax PRIME-V20

Another representative of domestic heat engineering. Wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler, designed to service 200 m2.

The modulating burner makes it possible to distribute fuel more economically by changing the gas combustion mode depending on the intensity of the coolant circulation. It has a separate stainless steel heat exchanger, can be connected to a room thermostat.

There is a possibility of remote control.

Kentatsu Nobby Smart 24–2CS

Japanese wall mounted gas boiler providing heating of 240 m2 and hot water supply. Model 2CS is equipped with a separate heat exchanger (primary copper, secondary stainless).

The main type of fuel is natural gas, but when changing jets, it can be converted to the use of liquefied gas. Most of the performance characteristics correspond to European boilers of similar power and functionality.

It is possible to use several design options for the chimney.

Oasis RT-20

Wall-mounted double-circuit gas boiler of Russian production. Designed to work in rooms of about 200 m2. Equipped with an efficient copper heat exchanger and a stainless secondary assembly.

The combustion chamber is of a turbocharged type, there is a built-in expansion tank and a condensate trap.

With an optimal set of functions and high build quality, the model has a relatively low price, which ensures its demand and popularity.

Which gas boiler to choose

Domestic gas boilers are most often used in private houses and apartments, although the latter usually have centralized heating - perhaps not the most efficient. Installation also takes place in cottages, dachas, bathhouses and similar objects.

1. The following type of boiler is suitable for apartments: 2 circuits, closed combustion chamber, coaxial chimney, convection type of heating, electronic control, wall mounting, power ranging from 10 to 30 kW

2. The following type of boilers is suitable for the house: 1 circuit + indirect heating boiler, open firebox, vertical chimney, specially equipped room, condensing heating, electronic control, floor installation, power from 20 to 50 kW.

The best condensing gas boilers

These boilers are considered the most economical, because they can use the energy not only of gas combustion, but of condensing steam. As a result, their efficiency is very close to the coveted 100%.

Vaillant ecoTEC plus VUW

4.9

★★★★★
editorial score

89%
buyers recommend this product

See review

Stuffed with intelligent electronics and eBus-switching, the unit works not only for efficient heating, but also for the preparation of hot water, that is, it also belongs to the two-circuit. The condenser system is more environmentally friendly than the traditional one, and also provides a very high efficiency of 98%.

The combustion chamber is equipped with a modulating burner with a wide range of power adjustment (from 28 to 100 percent). With such efficiency and equipment, the dimensions of the boiler are quite acceptable: 720x440x372 mm. The ecoTEC line itself consists of three models with a maximum power of 24, 30 and 34 kW.

Advantages:

• Digital control and diagnostic system;
• The most informative panel;
• Ability to control from a mobile phone and connect to a "smart home";
• The burner can receive air both from the room and from the street;
• Short-term increase in power for fast water heating;
• Removal of condensate to the outside.

Flaws:

• Difficulty in repair;
• High price.

Boilers ecoTEC Plus still scare away the high cost. But the hassle with them is kept to a minimum, and the fuel savings will pay off the investment over time.

Viessmann Vitodens 100-W

4.8

★★★★★
editorial score

88%
buyers recommend this product

See review

An expensive boiler capable of operating at a power of 4.7-35 kW saves not only blue fuel, but also electricity - due to the controlled operation of the fan. This model also has other highlights. This is a cylindrical MatriX burner, consisting of many micro-nozzles, which practically does not allow heat loss. An annular stainless steel heat exchanger also works no less efficiently.

Advantages:

• Compact body 400x400x350 mm;
• Two ways to prepare hot water;
• Maximum economy and energy efficiency;
• High efficiency (98%);
• Intelligent automation;
• Remote control - from the touch panel or smartphone;
• Opportunity to work on LNG and biogas;
• Easy access for repair and maintenance.

Flaws:

Price.

If your home is equipped with a smart home system, the equally smart Viessmann Vitodens will be the best solution for creating a heating and hot water system.

How to calculate the power of a gas heating boiler for the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house?

To do this, you will have to use the formula:

In this case, Mk is understood as the desired thermal power in kilowatts. Accordingly, S is the area of ​​\u200b\u200byour home in square meters, and K is the specific power of the boiler - the “dose” of energy spent on heating 10 m2.

Calculation of the power of a gas boiler

How to calculate area? First of all, according to the plan of the dwelling. This parameter is indicated in the documents for the house. Don't want to search for documents? Then you will have to multiply the length and width of each room (including the kitchen, heated garage, bathroom, toilet, corridors, and so on) summing up all the obtained values.

Where can I get the value of the specific power of the boiler? Of course, in the reference literature.

If you don’t want to “dig” in directories, take into account the following values ​​​​of this coefficient:

• If in your area the winter temperature does not fall below -15 degrees Celsius, the specific power factor will be 0.9-1 kW/m2.
• If in winter you observe frosts down to -25 ° C, then your coefficient is 1.2-1.5 kW / m2.
• If in winter the temperature drops to -35 ° C and lower, then in the calculations of thermal power you will have to operate with a value of 1.5-2.0 kW / m2.

As a result, the power of a boiler that heats a building of 200 "squares", located in the Moscow or Leningrad region, is 30 kW (200 x 1.5 / 10).

How to calculate the power of the heating boiler by the volume of the house?

In this case, we will have to rely on the thermal losses of the structure, calculated by the formula:

By Q in this case we mean the calculated heat loss. In turn, V is the volume, and ∆T is the temperature difference between inside and outside the building. Under k is understood the coefficient of thermal dissipation, which depends on the inertia of building materials, door leaf and window sashes.

We calculate the volume of the cottage

How to determine the volume? Of course, according to the building plan. Or by simply multiplying the area by the height of the ceilings. The temperature difference is understood as the "gap" between the generally accepted "room" value - 22-24 ° C - and the average readings of a thermometer in winter.

The coefficient of thermal dissipation depends on the heat resistance of the structure.

Therefore, depending on the building materials and technologies used, this coefficient takes the following values:

• From 3.0 to 4.0 - for frameless warehouses or frame storages without wall and roof insulation.
• From 2.0 to 2.9 - for technical buildings made of concrete and brick, supplemented with minimal thermal insulation.
• From 1.0 to 1.9 - for old houses built before the era of energy-saving technologies.
• From 0.5 to 0.9 - for modern houses built in accordance with modern energy-saving standards.

As a result, the power of the boiler heating a modern, energy-saving building with an area of ​​​​200 square meters and a 3-meter ceiling, located in a climatic zone with 25-degree frosts, reaches 29.5 kW (200x3x (22 + 25) x0.9 / 860).

How to calculate the power of a boiler with a hot water circuit?

Why do you need a 25% headroom? First of all, to replenish energy costs due to the "outflow" of heat to the hot water heat exchanger during the operation of two circuits. Simply put: so that you do not freeze after taking a shower.

Solid fuel boiler Spark KOTV - 18V with a hot water circuit

As a result, a double-circuit boiler serving the heating and hot water systems in a house of 200 "squares", which is located north of Moscow, south of St. Petersburg, should generate at least 37.5 kW of thermal power (30 x 125%).

What is the best way to calculate - by area or by volume?

In this case, we can only give the following advice:

• If you have a standard layout with a ceiling height of up to 3 meters, then count by area.
• If the ceiling height exceeds the 3-meter mark, or if the building area is more than 200 square meters - count by volume.

How much is the "extra" kilowatt?

Taking into account the 90% efficiency of an ordinary boiler, for the production of 1 kW of thermal power, it is necessary to consume at least 0.09 cubic meters of natural gas with a calorific value of 35,000 kJ/m3. Or about 0.075 cubic meters of fuel with a maximum calorific value of 43,000 kJ/m3.

As a result, during the heating period, an error in calculations per 1 kW will cost the owner 688-905 rubles. Therefore, be careful in your calculations, buy boilers with adjustable power and do not strive to "bloat" the heat generating capacity of your heater.

We also recommend seeing:

• LPG gas boilers
• Double-circuit solid fuel boilers for long burning
• Steam heating in a private house
• Chimney for solid fuel heating boiler

Overview of the best models of 2020

The final cost of the boiler differs depending on the technical characteristics and design. A large selection of models from Russian and foreign manufacturers is presented on the market.

From foreign manufacturers, products from Bosch, Ariston and Baxi have proven themselves well. Models are good value for money and quality. Among Russian-made boiler plants, Lemax products have proven themselves well.

The manufacturer produces models that differ in their design and technical characteristics.
When choosing a boiler for heating a private house with an area of ​​​​200 square meters, a number of factors must be taken into account, such as power rating, product specifications, type of construction, etc.

A properly selected boiler will allow you to maintain the desired temperature in the room, regardless of weather conditions.