Kitchen faucet device: what typical faucets consist of and how they work

Characteristics of brass

Brass alloy is obtained by combining zinc with copper, to which nickel, iron, manganese, tin, and lead are sometimes added. Typically the material consists of 70% copper component, with 30% zinc component.Almost half of the produced alloy consists of secondary zinc. Technical metal contains about 50% zinc part with 4% lead.

There is also a special type of brass connection called “tompac”. In it, the copper component reaches 97%, and zinc - from 10 to 30%. From this compound, excellent jewelry, various art products, insignia, and accessories are obtained.

A couple of centuries ago, brass alloys were often used as counterfeit gold, which was achieved by using pure zinc rather than ore. Such a connection was very difficult to recognize by inexperienced users. It has become actively used in various industrial fields due to its unique properties. These alloys have high ductility, abrasion resistance and good corrosion resistance.

Faucet selection

What to choose a mixer for a sink, consider several options: single-lever, two-valve, touch.

• There is no alternative to single-lever types for choosing a sink faucet - they are simple and easy to use, have a wide range and affordable cost, and are designed to work in various sink designs.
• Two-valve devices in a modern kitchen are rarely used due to inconvenience in operation - two handles are required to set the temperature and flow. They are purchased as a budget option or vice versa, as a very expensive exclusive, made to order for a certain style of kitchen space (retro) .
• Touch sensors are the most modern and technologically advanced, they have no competitors in terms of ease of use: it is enough to appear in the area of ​​​​action of infrared sensors with hands or any object - the water turns on automatically.The device does not have valves for turning the water on and off; a built-in battery is used to control the mechanism. Sensor models allow you to pre-program the temperature and pressure of the water jet; to change the operating mode, you need to install another program. In the kitchen, water supply modes are constantly changing, so using these types is impractical.

Before disassembling the faucet in the kitchen, they prepare plumbing tools and accessories, dismantling and installing new equipment is often accompanied by replacing supply hoses, which lose their properties over time and can be damaged when unscrewed.

Short eyeliners are supplied from the factory, when buying they often have to be changed to long ones so that they sag freely during installation.

Dismantled sink from the countertop, removing the siphon

As always, you should first turn off the supply of cold and hot liquids. You can perform these activities with the help of valves focused on pipes. When the valves are closed, you can open the lambs and let out all the liquid accumulated in the mixer.

To repair a water faucet, you will need the following tools:

• screwdriver;
• wrench;
• rubber gaskets;
• tow.

The procedure is as follows:

1. Dismantle the valve stem. This is very easy to do with a screwdriver.
2. After removing the lamb, take the adjustable wrench and unscrew the crane box. After that, you will be able to find a stem with a rubber gasket. It is this part that most often causes a breakdown.
3. you need to remove the old gasket using a screwdriver. If the gasket is attached with a screw, then unscrew it.
4. When you have completed the replacement of the old gasket with a new one, take a clean cloth and clean the threads on the letter and in the hole where it will be mounted.
5. Wrap a few threads of tow on the crane-boxes, install the box in place. In this case, it should be noted that the tow should be wound counterclockwise, but the box should be twisted in the direction.
6. If the cause of the breakdown is the wear of the “saddle” of the crane, then even a new gasket quickly becomes unusable over time. To eliminate the problem that has arisen, it is necessary to use a special cutter. It can be scrolled using a drill. Thus, all the roughness on the "saddle" can be eliminated.

Non-contact (electronic) models

Sensor mixers appeared not so long ago and differ significantly from mechanical options. The main function that such a faucet performs is the supply of water at a predetermined temperature.

Volatile and autonomous models are produced. The first ones are powered by a 12 V adapter, while the second ones need batteries to function. When buying, it is better to choose a device that has the possibility of manual duplication.

You can separately note the budget option - special nozzles that allow you to upgrade a conventional mixer. Such a device is fixed on the spout spout, runs on batteries and, according to manufacturers, saves water consumption up to 20%.

The best manufacturers on the market

Modern single-lever models are very popular, so they are presented in the collections of leading companies involved in the production of sanitary accessories. Among the most famous brands belonging to different price categories, we can name the following.

GROHE - wide functionality and high quality

None of the faucet ratings is complete without models of the German brand "Groe"

Despite the rather high cost, they have earned the attention of consumers with a modern design solution, durability and reliability.

Accessories of this brand are often equipped with many additional options, which ensures comfortable operation. Among the wide range of single-lever kitchen appliances, users most often note the Concetto 32663001 model with a 45 cm retractable spout, which practically replaces a retractable watering can.

The faucet uses a virtually silent aerator and a durable SilkMove ceramic cartridge. A popular bath model is the Euroeco faucet 32743000 with an aerator and a special water saving regulator.

Grohe faucets and accessories have a classic design that blends seamlessly into any room design.

LEMARK - original solutions

The Czech company Lemark produces mainly single-lever products with a high spout, which are convenient to use in the kitchen. Sometimes they also have a mortise dispenser where liquid detergents are poured. Models are available in a wide range of shades, which allows you to match the faucet to the color of the sink.

At the same time, the catalog also includes traditional chrome products that serve as a universal option. The top best models, according to users, included the Comfort LM3061C kitchen faucet, as well as the Pramen LM3318C shower device.

The owners of these devices note the impressive design of devices, thoughtful design and high quality.Some claim that they have been using Lemark accessories for several years without any repair.

Lemark single-lever faucets are often equipped with additional accessories and fixtures, such as a retractable watering can, which provide additional convenience in use.

OMOIKIRI - Japanese technology

Plumbing accessories of the Japanese brand "Omoikiri" impress with their unique design, as well as the highest quality and long service life. The manufacturer gives a five-year warranty on all products. Many models have a double spout, thanks to which tap water is supplied separately from drinking water.

The Tonami-C single-lever faucet, made of lead-free chrome-plated brass, was included in the ranking of the best models for the kitchen. The accessory has a double spout with a 360° rotation angle and a built-in aerator. At the same time, users note the reliability and durability of the crane.

Although the cost of Omoikiri products is quite high, users consider it justified. Models are distinguished by reliability, long-term operation, as well as original appearance.

IDDIS is the best Russian manufacturer

Products of the Russian company are very popular due to the diverse range and affordable price. They also have acceptable quality and, with proper care, can do without repair for up to 5-7 years.

Of the accessories that have earned high user reviews, one can note the universal single-lever faucet IDDIS Vane VANSBL0i10 with a swivel spout, a retractable watering can with a square shower, and an aerator nozzle.

The reliable and simple kitchen faucet Alborg K56001C is also popular. Due to the low spout, this model is best used in shallow sinks.

IDDIS models are usually made in a classic design and have a chrome finish, which makes them perfectly match with common stainless steel sinks.

KAISER - German quality at an affordable price

Under the Kaiser brand, a wide range of mixers is produced, which have various types of spouts - retractable, stationary, swivel, flexible. The products look great and are reasonably priced.

Among the presented models, users especially noted the Kaiser 13044 kitchen faucet with a body made of high-quality brass.

In addition to the great appearance, this bathroom accessory has two built-in aerators and a water filter. The high spout has the ability to rotate 360 ​​degrees, which guarantees easy access to all corners of the sink.

The Kaiser catalogs contain not only traditional chrome options, but also stylish accessories made in bronze or granite look.

Step 5. Evaluate Additional Features

So, we figured out the main characteristics, now let's think about the "bonuses". Here are some additional options that a modern kitchen faucet can have:

Drinking water supply (no additional small faucet). Today, many kitchen models are equipped with a built-in filtration system that allows you to supply clean drinking water, even without installing special equipment and an additional mini-faucet. As a rule, any filtration systems are suitable for such mixers.

Retractable spout. A faucet with a pull-out flexible spout ending in a shower head is a really useful option in any kitchen.After all, it allows you to fill pots and other containers that are not in the sink, but somewhere in the working area, which is very convenient. The flexible extension hose also makes cleaning the sink easier. The length of the hose is usually 70-80 cm.

By the way, semi-professional faucets with a spring are very similar to devices with a pull-out spout, but the difference is that the spout with a spring is completely flexible and is easier to switch to a “shower head”. In addition, "semi-professionals" have a special swivel holder for a watering can.

Types of spout nozzle

Consider a small but important detail, which affects both water savings, ease of use of the mixer, and the type of flow. The most popular are aerators and retractable watering cans.

In such devices, water is mixed with air, resulting in significant savings - up to 8 liters per minute.

The gratings on the nozzle can be static or adjustable with a variable opening size. Some models are equipped with nozzles that can change the direction of the jet.

There are add-ons, optional, but very convenient. For example, LED lighting, which not only becomes an additional source of light, but also illuminates the dishes when washing. An electronic thermometer allows you to get the necessary heating, while saving water, while it does not require additional energy sources, because it receives it from water pressure.

Modern manufacturing materials

The design of the mixer is quite complex, so various materials are used for the production of parts. The body is made of alloys, the most common of which are steel and brass - these metals guarantee high reliability.

Bronze and copper devices are even better, but they are much more expensive.In addition, the body can be made of:

• plastic;
• ceramics;
• granite.

There are enough offers of sanitary ware made of ceramics or heat-resistant high-strength plastic. They are durable, but worse than metal ones withstand mechanical shocks.

Attention should also be paid to the coating of the metal. Chrome-plated surfaces are durable, but they do not make it possible to choose a color scheme, and they also become covered with visible dirt very quickly.

Enamel ones have no problems with shades, but the enamel is not as strong and eventually flakes off or loses its original color. An excellent choice is a surface decorated in bronze. Spots are not so visible on it, and care is not difficult.

And another factor that you can pay attention to is the weight of the product. A high-quality, reliable and durable faucet can't be easy

Prevention of breakdowns of single-lever models

Since the replacement of the crane is quite expensive, you need to think about simple preventive measures that can extend the working period of this important part. These include:

These include:

• regular inspection of mixers to detect the slightest signs of leakage;
• installation of filtering equipment to improve water quality;
• elimination of high humidity in the places where plumbing is located.

Before self-assembly or dismantling, and even more so before carrying out repairs, it is necessary to carefully study the device of the mixer and the instructions and strictly follow the instructions. All connecting nodes must be sealed with special compounds or fum-tape to avoid leaks.

The condition of the tap is positively affected by an aerator that mixes water with air.If the model does not have a built-in device, you can buy it separately and install it on the mixer

It is also important to responsibly approach the choice of models for the bathroom or kitchen. When buying a faucet, it is better to avoid silumin products made from an alloy of aluminum and silicon.

Although these models are inexpensive, they quickly fail.

It is better to give preference to models made of brass, copper or chrome steel, produced by well-established brands.

Advantages and disadvantages of combined mixers

Combined models of mixers are considered universal sanitary appliances. Their main advantages are:

1. Ease of operation: one faucet for drinking and technical fluid replaces two devices.
2. The device has a compact size, which saves usable space.
3. Durability and reliability.
4. Long period of operation.
5. Simple installation (installation of a combined faucet can be performed by a person who does not have experience with plumbing).

Disadvantages of the combined instrument: high cost and the need for periodic filter replacement.

The main types of bathroom faucets

They differ in the way the water flow is controlled: single-lever, two-valve, thermostatic, touch.

Single-lever faucet device

Differs in existence of one adjusting lever moving in two directions.

Changing the position vertically regulates the flow rate, and horizontally - the temperature.

There are also two subtypes:

• Ball. An aluminum ball mechanism is used.
• Cartridge - two ceramic plates tightly fitted to each other.

Important! Single-lever models are economical in terms of water consumption: in use, it takes less time to reach the desired temperature

What is a two-way valve made of?

Design with two valves on the sides of the tap, with the help of which the pressure and temperature are adjusted.

The model is reliable, but difficult to set the exact temperature.

In some European countries, for example, in England, mixers are not used at all. The taps for hot and cold water in the sink are located on different sides.

Components of a thermostatic mixer

The advantage is the ability to set the required temperature once and each time the device will do it on its own.

Important! The thermostatic type does not depend on the pressure and temperature in the central network, it always adjusts the parameters to the specified ones. In addition, a security system is installed in such devices that will not allow you to get burned by hot water.

Sensor faucet design

Inside the case there are regulating elements, which are controlled by infrared sensors that read heat or movement.

Such models are rarely installed in apartments. Their scope is public places.

We eliminate the leak in the place of the clamping nut of the gander

First of all, you need to determine the cause of the leak. In most cases, this is the development of the gasket resource. To do this, you will need a new gasket, adjustable wrench and FUM tape.

• we unscrew the clamping nut, with which the mixer body and the gander are connected;
• we remove the gander;
• we take out the old gasket located at the entrance of the gander to the mixer;
• insert a new gasket;
• to strengthen the waterproofing, we apply FMU tape to the thread;
• screw the clamping nut into place.

As can be seen from the list of required work, there is nothing complicated, the main thing is that the house has an adjustable wrench and an MFP for summer.

What types of mixers are

Depending on the internal design of the device, there are several options for mixers.

valve mixer

Valve models are equipped with a crane box, which can be:

• with plates of sanitary ceramics;
• with rubber seals.

Distinctive characteristics of the first variety:

1. In one minute, the device is capable of passing up to 25 liters of water.
2. The product is convenient to use. Ceramic faucet box quickly opens and closes the fluid supply.
3. It is sensitive to various impurities contained in water. Small stones, rust deposits abrade the internal structural elements, so the product can quickly fail.

The features of the crane box with rubber gaskets include:

1. The product completely opens the through hole. At the same time, it does this smoothly, which allows you to more accurately adjust the required temperature regime.
2. A rubber gasket is responsible for locking the passage hole. Unlike ceramics, it is less sensitive to a variety of contaminants. But it can quickly become unusable due to constant exposure to hot water.
3. Using the device is accompanied by a rather strong noise.
4. As time goes by, the device becomes difficult to use. This is explained by the fact that the brass rod is gradually covered with a layer of brass oxide, due to which it increases in size.

Single lever models

This is the most modern version, which is in great demand among consumers. This is explained by the fact that the device is convenient to use. To set the desired temperature and intensity of pressure, you only need to turn the lever in the desired direction.

This takes much less time than with two-valve models. So, you save not only a few seconds, but also reduce the amount of consumed resources.

The disadvantages include - the complexity of maintenance and difficulty in finding the necessary cartridges. Cartridges vary in size: 20, 35 and 40 mm. The larger the diameter of the device, the faster you fill the tub or other container.

Thermostatic

The development of modern technologies has not bypassed sanitary ware. Models equipped with a thermostatic element are becoming more and more popular. A small device controls hot and cold water. You only need to set a comfortable temperature and pressure.

In such models, there are no familiar levers and valves, and control is carried out using knobs and buttons. On one side there is a handle for adjusting the flow rate, on the other there is a temperature scale. With it, you can set the required temperature. This option is especially convenient if you have small children - you can not worry about the safety of the baby.

But do not forget about the "fly in the ointment". Unfortunately, our plumbing system cannot boast of stable operation and the same water pressure. In the event of pressure surges and temperature fluctuations, thermostats may not be able to cope with the load. This leads to malfunctions of the mixer.

Sensory

The most innovative option.The operation of the device is based on electronic and infrared sensors. Such options are intended for public areas, as they can significantly reduce water consumption. The device works from various batteries: batteries, accumulators, mains using a 12 V power supply.

When choosing a mixer, consider not only the design of the product, but also the design. A convenient model will not only facilitate daily manipulations, but also save time.

The appearance of the device is also important, because the mixer should not stand out from the general style of the room. A properly selected model can complement the room, emphasizing its design.

Types of kitchen faucets

Among the types of kitchen faucets, there are several main groups:

• traditional box crane - two-valve;
• more modern single-lever;
• electronic (non-contact, touch);
• thermostatic.

Each variety has advantages and disadvantages that you should pay attention to before buying.

Two-valve

Two-valve mixers are a common option, characterized by reliability, long service life, good maintainability and simple design. Despite the popularity of single-lever models, such mixers do not lose their relevance, as their wide range offers faucets from classic to modern design.

The design is based on a faucet box - a device for opening and closing the supply of hot and cold water.

All two-valve mixers are divided into two groups, while their difference lies not in the water mixing device, but in the valves:

1. Faucets with an elastic rubber gasket as a locking mechanism. The principle of operation - the faucet box closes the place through which water enters the gander of the crane.
2. Taps equipped with a rotary mechanism and a ceramic valve. Overlapping and water supply are carried out using two ceramic plates with holes made in them.

One of the weak points of the models of the first group is the sealing rubber gasket, which requires timely replacement, since its wear leads to leakage and a significant reduction in service life. Also, the design does not allow you to quickly adjust the required water temperature and at the same time adjust the pressure power, because the rotation of both valves is carried out by more than 360 degrees, which requires 6-9 turns, while the temperature and pressure adjustment for second type taps is much faster.

From a constructive point of view, two-valve models are simpler and are somewhat cheaper than single-lever counterparts.

Single lever

This is a type of kitchen faucets, the principle of which is to adjust the temperature and water pressure with one movement of the handle in the same direction to the right-left and up and down. Single-lever models consume less water than two-valve models, since it takes a minimum of time to adjust. That is why today they are becoming more common in the kitchen.

According to the internal structure, they are:

1. Ball. The main element is a small metal ball located in the faucet body. It has three openings for cold, hot and mixed water, which first passes through the mixing chamber - a container inside the ball, and then exits into the mixer opening.The pressure of the water flow changes in accordance with changes in the movement of the ball. The larger the area of ​​the adjoining holes, the weaker the water flow, and vice versa. This version of the mixer rarely fails due to a well-thought-out design.
2. Cartridge. A cartridge is provided here, the basis of which are two ceramic plates. The meaning of this design is that when the position of the joystick is changed, one of the holes in the bottom plate is aligned with the mixing chamber in the upper part of the disk.

Non-contact (touch) models

Sensor taps for the kitchen - know-how in the world of plumbing. The advantage of the product is that there is no need to turn the valves or levers: a special sensor with infrared radiation will react to movement and automatically turn on the water, and it will turn off 5-10 seconds after washing. However, this type of faucet is not common, as it has a rather high price and must be connected to electricity.

thermostatic

These modern faucets have water control knobs such as its supply and temperature setting. The principle of operation of high-tech products is the use of mechanical valves without electronic sensors. They are quite convenient: once you set the water temperature, the next time you turn it on, it will not change.

Such designs are expensive, however, as an advantage over other types of taps, thermostatic ones protect against possible burns, for example, when cold water is suddenly turned off.

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Top 5 kitchen faucet models

Jacob Delafon Carafe E18865

The elite model from the famous French manufacturer has a stylish design.The single-lever mixer operates on the basis of a ceramic cartridge. The design involves two separate channels, one of which is designed for tap water, and the second for filtered water.

Among the shortcomings of the model, users call the high price and insufficient quality of the filter. In addition, due to the high spout, this faucet is more suitable for shallow sinks.

The mixer is supplied with a filter designed to process 7500 liters of liquid, as well as an aerator, which operates in two modes. The impeccable chrome finish of the device comes with a 25-year warranty.

Grohe Concetto 32663001

Single-lever premium model from a well-known German company. A retractable spout is provided, which increases the functionality of the device. Thanks to the 360-degree swivel mechanism, the faucet is perfect for equipping kitchen islands.

To connect the faucet, horizontal mounting on the plumbing board is used. This installation method can cause certain difficulties, so it is better to entrust the work to professionals.

The fixture has a brass base, plated with a layer of chrome using the patented StarLight technology, which retains its shine for a long time.

For the internal device, a durable and corrosion-resistant ceramic cartridge is used. Among the advantages of the mixer, users note the smooth running of the handle, the quiet operation of the aerator.

IDDIS Alborg K56001C

Economy class model from a Russian manufacturer. Reliable single-lever faucet has a decent design. The mechanism operates on the basis of a 40 mm cartridge, which shows long-term stable operation.

The package includes a special plastic stand. It facilitates the installation of the faucet and ensures its tight fixation on the sink surface. The connection is made on two studs, which simplifies the installation process and guarantees reliable fastening.

The faucet has a swivel spout, but due to the low lift, it is more suitable for sinks with deep bowls. The aerator device has a special gasket that eliminates noise. The disadvantages include a rather thin chrome coating, which begins to wear out after 2-3 years.

ZorG ZR 312YF-50BR

The “bronze” faucet, produced by a Czech manufacturer, has an elegant retro design. The unusual appearance is perfectly combined with high technical characteristics: the model provides for the supply of filtered water, which is controlled by a special lever.

The bronze finish applied to the product is of excellent quality. It does not fade over time and is not prone to scratching.

The disadvantages include the lack of an aerator and other functions. In addition, some users complain about the difficulty of obtaining spare parts.

Lemark Comfort LM3061C

The single-lever device has an optimal height, thanks to which it fits almost any bowl. The supply of both ordinary and filtered water is provided, for which a separate faucet is designed.

The budget model has a laconic design; a fairly dense layer of chrome coating is applied to the brass base, which does not wear off for many years.

The faucet is equipped with an aerator that works for both tap and purified water. This reduces fluid consumption and increases its softness.

The kit for the crane includes all the necessary accessories and parts for installation, so installation will not take much time. Among the shortcomings, users noted traces of splashes that remain on the device during operation.

In addition to these models, there are other quality products on the market that belong to different price segments. As an example, we can name the products of Hansa and Kaiser (Germany), Vidima (Bulgaria), Damixa (Denmark), Gustavsberg (Sweden).