We install an electric instantaneous water heater with our own hands

Precautionary measures

These preventive measures will include:

• do not use such flow-throughs on the upper floors of apartment buildings with low pressure in the system;
• to organize several distribution points, purchase powerful heaters;
• connect heaters with a power of more than 8 - 12 kW only to a three-phase power supply;
• in the process of connecting, follow the manufacturer's instructions;
• when working with electricity, do not forget about protective equipment and grounding;
• during operation, it is necessary to regularly inspect and check the equipment.

For the upper floors it is better to use boilers with a capacity. In the absence of an appropriate electrical network, all existing wiring should be modernized or a separate cable should be laid from the electrical panel at the entrance to the connection point in the apartment.

We connect electricity

Any specialist will tell you that it is better to work with electricity at a time when the water is not yet connected. So installing the water heater in the next step after placing it in the right place is connecting the power.

Usually, connecting a three-wire wire does not cause big problems for a person who has taken a school physics course. Moreover, all the designations on the terminal box are applied in such a way that it is almost impossible to confuse. The algorithm of actions is simple and clear:

• Make sure that the connected wires are not live.
• Trim the ends with a knife or pliers.
• Insert the stripped ends into the appropriate terminals.
• Tighten the fixing screws.

It's all simple, but still it is better to seek help from a specialist who will not only carry out a high-quality connection of the device, but also mount a residual current device and, if necessary, pre-calculate the energy consumed by all electrical appliances in the house and advise what work needs to be done to avoid further electrical problems.

Location selection

First of all, for the operation of a flowing water heater, sufficient power is needed.They range in power from 1 to 27 kW and usually require a new network to be installed and connected to an electrical panel. In apartments, single-phase non-pressure flow devices are most often used, the power of which is up to 4-6 kW.

If you constantly do not have warm water in your apartment, then you should choose a more powerful model, preferably a pressure type, or consider buying a storage tank.

It should be said that low-power instantaneous water heaters usually have a single phase, and devices with a power of 11 kW or more are three-phase. If your housing has only one phase, then you can only install a single-phase device.

Of course, they are not able to provide such a pressure of hot water, which gives a centralized supply of hot water or a pressurized water heater. But even that flow of heated water, which will provide you with a non-pressure view, is quite enough to wash.

• it should not be splashed from the shower. Devices marked IP 24 and IP 25 are protected from water ingress, but it is also undesirable to place them in flood areas;
• access to management, regulation;
• ease of use of the shower (faucet) to which the connection is made;
• ease of connection to the central water supply;
• the strength of the wall to which the device will be attached. Typically, the weight of such water heaters is small, but the wall must ensure its reliable fastening. Brick, concrete, wooden walls are usually not in doubt, but drywall may not be suitable;
• evenness of the wall. On very curved surfaces, it is sometimes difficult to position the instrument correctly.

Flowing water heaters are gas and electric.Mostly electrical appliances are used, since for gas it is necessary that the project provides for a gas column and the presence of a gas pipeline, and the installation must be agreed with the gas service.

Types of water heaters by heating method

According to the method of heating, the devices are classified into flow and storage, which have their pros and cons. The choice in favor of one or another device depends on the personal preferences of the owners of suburban real estate, the volume of hot water consumed, and free space for installation.

Cumulative

The design of the heater, which is installed mainly in the bathroom, provides for the presence of its own capacity. The principle of operation is simple: the tank is filled with water from the water supply, which is heated by the heating element. Upon reaching the set heating temperature, the automation switches off the device.

The flow of hot water into the pipe is provided by a large pressure of unheated water. The nozzles are placed in such a way that layers of liquids with different temperatures do not mix with each other inside the heater. This allows you to keep the set temperature of the coolant within 50-70% of the volume until the next batch of cold water arrives.

Storage water heater design

The advantages of installing this type of boiler include:

1. No need for a powerful power supply.
2. Gradual heating of water.
3. Construction with insulated walls. Thanks to this, it is possible to turn on the device during the period of economical billing of electricity, use hot water at any time of the day.

The main parameter influencing the choice of a particular model of a storage water heater is the volume of the tank.The capacity of the tank is selected depending on the daily consumption of warm (mixed) water per 1 adult living in the house. The need is something like this:

• for hygiene needs - 20 l;
• for household needs - 12 liters.

Thus, the water heater is selected from the following considerations:

• a family of two - 50-80 liters;
• 3 people - 80-100 l;
• 4 tenants - 100-120 l;
• 5 family members - 120-150 liters.

Water consumption table

Instantaneous water heaters

The principle of operation of the devices lies in the name itself. There is no storage tank in such devices: the liquid circulates next to the heating element or comes into direct contact with it.

The power of the device should be enough to heat water to a user-defined temperature in a short path through the heating element. To connect a flowing water heater to a home electrical network, a powerful line is required - in the process of work, the load on the network increases sharply.

At the same time, manufacturers have found a kind of compromise: high power is leveled by the compactness of devices. Otherwise, to reduce the load, a significant increase in the volume of the heat exchanger is necessary - too much installation space will be required and the main advantage - compactness - will be lost.

Instantaneous water heater design

Another advantage of instantaneous water heaters is the supply of heated water without delay. Storage devices need time to warm up the liquid that has entered the tank, in addition, there are certain temperature losses during its storage. Installing an instantaneous water heater allows you to use hot water at any time.

In terms of economy, there is no fundamental advantage for devices of one type or another. To heat the same amount of water, both storage and flow devices require approximately the same power consumption.

Some features of the water supply scheme

Connecting a storage boiler. The supply of cold water to the boiler system is carried out through a pipeline, which is connected directly to the centralized supply riser.

At the same time, a number of components necessary for the normal functioning of the equipment are mounted on the cold water line:

1. Stopcock.
2. Filter (not always).
3. Safety valve.
4. Drain tap.

The specified elements of the circuit are installed in the area between the cold water supply pipe and the boiler in the marked sequence.

The line for the outlet of the heated liquid is also equipped with a shut-off valve by default. However, this requirement is not mandatory, and if a tap is not installed at the DHW outlet, a serious mistake is not seen in this.

All water heater connection schemes have common features. The cold water supply point is located at the bottom, filters and a reducer must be installed in front of it to reduce the flow pressure (+)

Connecting an instantaneous water heater. Compared to a storage boiler, work is carried out according to a simplified scheme. Here it is enough to install only one shut-off valve in front of the cold water inlet fitting.

But the installation of a shut-off valve at the DHW outlet of the flow heater is regarded by many manufacturers as a gross installation error.

It should also be taken into account: if a well, a well, a water tower, etc. acts as a source of cold water supply for an instantaneous water heater, it is recommended to turn on a coarse filter in series with the tap (after the tap).

Often, an installation error with the filter connection or refusal to install it leads to the loss of the manufacturer's warranty.

Do-it-yourself installation of an electric water heater: step-by-step instructions and connection diagrams

Water heaters are divided into storage and flow. These models have a different principle of operation, they consume electricity in different ways, therefore, before installation, it will be quite useful to know the nuances of the installation and the principles of operation of the main components of the boilers.

• A flowing water heater heats water by passing it through a constant flow through the heating element.
• The storage water heater heats the water that is pre-filled into the tank.

1.General recommendations for connecting a flow or storage water heater

1. Select and measure as precisely as possible the place where you plan to install the water heater.

2. Determine the number of taps for which the water heater will work (sink in the bathroom, sink in the kitchen, shower room, etc.) - this directly affects the choice of power and the connection process.

3. Be sure to find out the possibilities of wiring your apartment - the cross section and material of the cable, the maximum permissible load. If you do not know how to do it yourself, consult an electrician

This is especially important if you have chosen an instantaneous water heater.It must be understood that if the capabilities of the existing electrical wiring are insufficient, you will need to lay a new separate cable from the electrical panel in order for the connection to be safe. An important fact is the grounding of the device

An important fact is the grounding of the device.

Connecting high-power household appliances necessarily requires laying a separate electrical cable from the switchboard. Using the table, you can choose the minimum cable section that your electrical appliance should be connected to. The table assumes the use of a cable made of copper, at a voltage of 220 V, 1 phase, 2 cores. Device power, kW 1,0 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 5,0 6,0 8,0 9,0 Current strength, A 4,5 9,0 11,4 13,6 15,9 18,2 20,5 22,5 27,3 36,4 40,5 Rated current of the circuit breaker, A 6 10 16 16 20 20 25 25 32 40 50 Minimum cross-section of conductive core, mm2 1 1,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 4 4 4 4 6 10

4. If your tap water is not of good quality, it is highly recommended to install filters to purify the water before entering the water heater. Otherwise, the "life" of the water heater will be significantly less than declared by the manufacturer.

5. Determine for yourself the type of water heater (storage or instantaneous), select the design (round, rectangular, flat, etc.), and also determine the performance. See the advice "How to choose a water heater".

6. Depending on the installation location of the storage water heater, determine whether you need a wall or floor, vertical or horizontal water heater.

7. If you plan to install the appliance yourself, you will need to purchase additional materials (electrical wire, electrical circuit breaker, water supply, faucets, etc.).

In any case, the installation of a specific storage or instantaneous water heater must be carried out strictly in accordance with the instructions attached to the device. It describes the required number of holes on the wall, the number and features of fasteners, the sequence of connecting hoses, their size and location (vertically, horizontally), as well as other important information.

8. The storage water heater must be especially firmly fixed on hooks (bolts), without the possibility of moving to the sides.

9. All water heater connections to the water supply must be tight.

10. The water connection can be made with a plastic, metal-plastic, steel or copper pipe. It is not recommended to use flexible hoses with rubber hoses due to their rapid wear.

11. When turning on the instantaneous water heater, make sure that there is water in the water supply. When turning on the storage water heater, you need to make sure that the tank is full.

How to connect a instantaneous water heater to the water supply and electrical network with your own hands

Previously, we conducted a review in which the device of an instantaneous water heater is thoroughly covered, as well as recommendations for choosing.

So, the new "protochnik" got rid of the packaging, read the instructions and now is the time to think about where it is better to install the instantaneous water heater.

It is advisable to choose a place for installing an instantaneous water heater based on the following considerations:

• whether in this place spray from the shower will fall on the device;
• how convenient it will be to turn the device on and off;
• how convenient it will be to use the shower (or faucet) of the device.

Before proceeding with the installation, you need to decide:

• whether it will be convenient to use the device directly in the place of taking a shower (or, say, washing dishes);
• whether it will be convenient to use different modes of operation (if there are such adjustments);
• whether moisture or water will get on the device (after all, there are clean 220V!).
• It is also necessary to take into account the future water supply - how convenient it will be to connect the instantaneous water heater to the water supply. There will be no special conditions for the wall - the weight of the device is small. Naturally, it will be somewhat more difficult to mount the device on curved and very uneven walls.

Do-it-yourself instantaneous water heater installation

Usually, the kit contains the necessary fasteners, but it often happens that the dowels themselves are short (for example, there is a thick layer of plaster on the wall) and the screws themselves are short, so I would recommend purchasing the necessary fasteners of the required dimension in advance. On this installation can be considered complete.

Connecting the instantaneous water heater to the water supply

An instantaneous electric water heater can be connected to water in several ways.

The first method is simple

We take a shower hose, unscrew the “watering can” and connect the hose to the cold water inlet to the water heater. Now, by setting the faucet handle to the “shower” position, we can use the water heater. If we put the handle in the "tap" position, then cold water comes out of the tap, bypassing the heater. As soon as the centralized supply of hot water is restored, we turn off the water heater from the “shower”, fasten the “watering can” of the shower back and continue to enjoy the benefits of civilization.

The second method is more complicated, but more correct

Connecting the water heater to the water supply of the apartment through the outlet for the washing machine. To do this, we use a tee and a skein of fumlents or threads. After the tee, a tap is needed to disconnect the water heater from the water and to adjust the pressure and temperature of the water from the water heater.

When installing a crane, you should also pay attention to the ease of use of the latter. After all, we will repeatedly open and close it in the future. The section of our water pipeline from the faucet to the water heater can be mounted using various pipes: from metal-plastic and PVC to ordinary flexible pipes

The fastest way, of course, is to make an eyeliner using flexible hoses. If necessary, our plumbing can be fixed to the wall (or other surfaces) using brackets or any other means of fastening

The section of our water pipeline from the faucet to the water heater can be mounted using various pipes: from metal-plastic and PVC to ordinary flexible pipes. The fastest way, of course, is to make an eyeliner using flexible hoses. If necessary, our plumbing can be fixed to the wall (or other surfaces) using brackets or any other means of fastening.

Connecting the instantaneous water heater to the mains

It is forbidden to use standard sockets for power supply, due to the fact that in most cases they do not have proper grounding.

When connecting wires to screw terminals, phasing must be observed:

– L, A or P1 – phase;

- N, B or P2 - zero.

It is not recommended to perform electrical work on your own, it is better to use the services of a specialist.

Helpful Hints

Before turning on the heater, first open the cold water tap.Failure to comply will result in device burnout.

A self-made instantaneous water heater is best used in places with minimal human activity.

Regularly carry out diagnostics of a homemade device. Repair damage immediately if defects are found.

Only a factory product meets all safety requirements. Without extreme necessity, it is not recommended to make handicraft samples at home.

Read more:

Step by step installation of an induction water heater

How to make a wood-burning water heater with your own hands

How to make a boiler with your own hands - a step-by-step assembly procedure

Choosing a water heater - instantaneous or storage

We connect instantaneous water heater correctly

Accumulative gas

The most requested. Heats the liquid with a heating element installed from below. There is a heating temperature controller - a thermostat. There is a mechanical / electronic control, display. The shape of the case is cylindrical/flat, it is selected for the size of any room. Advantages: pre-heating at night, no combustion chamber, good performance.

• Housing, thermal insulation layer.
• Tank internal.
• Tubes of an entrance, an exit of water.
• Flange.
• heating element, thermostat.
• Thermostat, anode.

A separate type of equipment, not a flow geyser. The liquid accumulates in the internal tank, warmed by the energy of the burnt gas. Self-installation is undesirable, gas work must be carried out by specialists. It also requires proper assembly of the chimney so that harmful substances are completely removed from the room after combustion.

Device composition

• Outer shell.
• Polyurethane thermal insulation.
• Internal tank.
• Condensate collection tank.
• Hot/cold water pipes.
• Burner with smoke diffuser.
• Gas block.
• Hood.
• Anode, thermostat.

Gas water heater - a device for heating water due to the energy of gas combustion. To install a gas column at home, you need to draw up a project and get approval for it.

The main rules of gas wiring:

• ceiling height - not less than 2 m;
• room volume - not less than 7.5 m³;
• chimney diameter - 110-130 mm.

It is much easier to replace the device with a new one, because it does not need to be connected to the system.

Stages:

1. Shut off the gas.
2. Remove the flexible hose, and if the connection is outdated, through a metal pipe, then it needs to be cut off.
3. Shut off the water.
4. Pull the pipe out of the chimney.
5. Remove the device from the wall.

A gas water heater has become indispensable in rooms where there is no hot water supply. It is important not to damage the pipes, otherwise they will have to be changed. Before starting installation, check the chimney and the tightness of all pipes

If they are worn out, it is better to buy new ones, as this threatens to leak gas. The chimney opening must be at the highest point of the roof and must be covered with a canopy

Before starting installation, check the chimney and the tightness of all pipes. If they are worn out, it is better to buy new ones, as this threatens to leak gas. The chimney opening must be at the highest point of the roof and must be covered with a canopy.

After the preparatory work, you need to remove the front panel on the heater. To do this, pull out the power regulator and unscrew the fasteners. Hang the body on the dowel-nails. It should be firmly held on its brackets, and not rely on water and gas pipes.

Connect the flexible hose to the cold water inlet.At the outlet, connect the hose to the hot mixer.

Do-it-yourself instantaneous electric water heater installation

Heating devices without a storage tank solve 2 main problems:

1. How to install an instantaneous water heater in a bathroom with thin walls? No heaviness, no problem. In addition, there are models that mount directly on the sink. Even a high-performance electric instantaneous water heater that is designed for showering or filling a bathtub is very compact. It can be hung on the wall anywhere, as far as the length of the shower hose.
2. Use of hot water in a non-permanent residence. That is, a simple scheme for connecting a flowing water heater saves you from having to store water in the country all winter (with the risk of defrosting the tank) while you are not there.

Installation of a country instantaneous water heater does not provide for complex tie-ins into the system and the installation of several stopcocks. You connect the mini boiler to electricity, and start a source of water supply at the inlet.

The main thing is to ensure sufficient water pressure. In flow boilers, a powerful heating system is installed, with a weak flow, the water will boil inside, and the overheating protection will turn off the device.

How to connect instantaneous water heater in the apartment? The scheme is similar to a storage boiler.

Again, the water pressure must be sufficient for trouble-free heating. With such a scheme, it is required to install and connect a water heater with automatic control of switching on. That is, you opened the water - the heating went on. Turn off the faucet and the boiler turns off. The only problem with such flow-throughs is that at least the minimum capacity of the heat exchanger is required.After shutting off the pressure, the water should cool down. This requires volume.

For flow boilers, the electrical connection diagram must necessarily include grounding and RCD. In fact, during operation, you use water that is in direct contact with the heater. In the event of an electrical breakdown, the security system must immediately de-energize the heater.

How to install a flow water heater

The process of installing a instantaneous water heater with your own hands includes a preparatory period

First of all, it is important to correctly determine the model. To choose the device that is optimally suited for its characteristics, the following factors are taken into account:

• the number of people living in the house;
• maximum hot water consumption with all taps open at the same time;
• number of water points;
• desired water temperature at the outlet of the tap.

Having a clear idea of ​​​​the requirements, you can proceed to the selection of a flow heater of suitable power

Separately, it is worth paying attention to other nuances: the complexity of installation, price, maintainability and the availability of spare parts for sale.

Organization of power supply

The power of household instantaneous heaters varies from 3 to 27 kW. The old electrical wiring will not withstand such a load. If a non-pressure device rated at 3 kW can still be connected to an existing electrical network, then powerful pressure models require a separate line.

A powerful water heater cannot be connected to a power outlet. From the device lay a straight line to the electrical panel. The circuit includes an RCD. The circuit breaker is selected according to the power of the flowing electrical appliance.According to the standard, the indicator is 50–60 A, but you need to look at the instructions for the device.

The cable cross section is selected in the same way, taking into account the power of the heater, but not less than 2.5 mm 2. It is better to take a copper wire and be sure to have a three-core one. The instantaneous water heater cannot be used without grounding.

Selecting an installation site

The choice of the location of the water heater is determined by the convenience and safety of using the device:

When installing a water heater in an apartment, it is important to choose a place so that there is a free approach to the device. There are control buttons on the case. All family members will set the optimum water temperature according to their preference.
The installation of the electrical appliance is carried out so that during the use of a shower or sink, splashes of water do not fall on its body.
The device is placed as close as possible to the water points and the electrical panel, taking into account the convenient connection to the water supply.

All family members will set the optimum water temperature according to their preference.
The installation of the electrical appliance is carried out so that during the use of a shower or sink, splashes of water do not fall on its body.
The device is placed as close as possible to the water points and the electrical panel, taking into account the convenient connection to the water supply.

The choice of installation location depends on the type of flow device:

• Non-pressure low-power models are designed to connect one draw-off point. The water heater is often made in the form of a faucet mounted on the sink. Non-pressure models are mounted under the sink or on the side of the sink. The device can be equipped with a hose with a shower head. It will be optimal to install a flowing water heater in the bathroom near the shower.If the question arises, how to connect a non-pressure instantaneous water heater, there is only one answer - as close as possible to the mixer.
• Powerful pressure models are able to provide hot water for more than two water points. It is allowed to install an electrical appliance near the cold water riser. With this scheme, hot water will flow to all the taps of the apartment.

The presence of IP 24 and IP 25 markings on the water heater means protection against direct water jets. However, it's not worth the risk. It is better to place the appliance in a safe, dry place.

Wall mounting

The instantaneous water heater is installed on the wall by hanging. Included with the product are dowels with self-tapping screws, mounting plate, brackets. When installing an electric flow-type water heater, two important nuances are taken into account:

• Support strength. A wall made of solid materials is perfect. The device is characterized by light weight. It can be fixed even on a plasterboard wall. The main thing is that the wall does not stagger, and a mortgage was provided under the plasterboard for reliable fixation of the brackets.
• During installation, the ideal horizontal position of the body of the flow device is observed. At the slightest inclination, an air lock is formed inside the water heater chamber. A heating element not washed by water in this area will quickly burn out.

Installation work begins with the markup. The mounting plate is applied to the wall and the places for drilling holes are marked with a pencil.

It is important at this stage to set the horizontal level. Holes are drilled according to the markings, plastic dowels are driven in with a hammer, after which the mounting plate is screwed with self-tapping screws. Support base ready

Now it remains to fix the water heater body to the bar

The supporting base is ready. Now it remains to fix the body of the water heater to the bar.

Installation of storage heater

Installation of an electric boiler

In the case of storage heaters, temporary installation is not provided. Of course, you can connect an ordinary hose with a watering can to the outlet of warm water, but it will be categorically inconvenient to use such a unit.

Water heater connection diagram

First step. Choose a suitable place to install the water heater and check the wall.

Flow models are quite light in weight. Cumulative ones will exert a much more significant load on the wall

Therefore, when choosing a place for installing a heater, you need to pay attention not only to the degree of convenience of piping, but also to the strength of the surface.

How to install a storage water heater

As a rule, heaters up to 200 l are fixed to the wall. Tanks of larger volume require only floor installation. If the heater has a volume of more than 50 liters, it is recommended to fix it exclusively to a load-bearing wall.

Second step. Prepare all the necessary tools for installing the water heater.

Materials you will need

You will need:

• puncher (if the wall is concrete) or impact electric drill (if the wall is brick);
• marker;
• measuring tape;
• drill for tiles (if the surface at the place of the future attachment of the heater is tiled);
• protective valve;
• FUM tape;
• dowels and fastening hooks;
• building level.

In the presence of the required wiring with pre-assembled tees and valves, the installation of the storage heater is carried out in an extremely simple sequence.

How to install a boiler

First step. Step back about 150-200 mm from the ceiling surface and leave marks on the wall for future holes. Thanks to this gap, you can conveniently lift the water heater for hanging and removing the tank.

Second step. Armed with a drill (perforator) with a suitable drill, make holes in the wall with a depth corresponding to the length of the mounting hooks.

Third step. Drive the dowels into the prepared holes, and then screw the screws into them. Be sure to leave a gap to accommodate the water heater mounting plate.

Fourth step. Install the tank on the mounts.

Fifth step. Install a safety valve on the cold fluid inlet. With its help, excessive pressure will be removed from the system. Connect a tube to drain excess fluid to the sewer pipe. Also, this tube can be gently inserted into the toilet bowl.

Sixth step. Connect the cold water pipe to the water heater inlet. The entrance is marked blue. Connect only through the safety valve. To the outlet (marked in red), connect the ready-made hot liquid outlet pipe.

Water heater installation

Typical scheme for installing a storage water heater

Again, pay attention to the importance of the safety valve. Without such a device, the tank may be seriously damaged or even ruptured due to excessive pressure increase during the preparation of hot water.

Diagram of connecting the boiler to the network with your own hands

If there is a safety valve, the excess pressure will simply be released and the device will continue to operate under normal conditions. Also, with the help of a safety valve, you can quickly and conveniently drain water from the heater when it is necessary to perform maintenance and repair work on the equipment.

Thus, the installation of a water heater is not particularly difficult. If you wish, you can independently install and connect a storage model or a flow heater. It is enough just to follow the provisions of the presented guide and everything will definitely work out.

Diagram of a gas water heater

Successful work!