Installation of a basket for an air conditioner on the facade: installation instructions and the subtleties of the work

Is a permit required?

Owners of equipment are concerned about the question - is it necessary to obtain permission to install an air conditioner? There is no specific special indication of this in the laws, since such a procedure does not apply to the redevelopment of an apartment, does not in any way reduce the existing common property of the residents of an apartment building, does not make any changes to the existing correct floor plan. However, there may be some nuances here.

Everything directly related to housing legislation is under the direct jurisdiction of not only the Russian Federation, but also the subjects - the regions. Therefore, in any region, the legislature has the right to adopt a separate law that will in a certain way control and regulate the installation of appliances of any type on facades, prescribe the necessary procedures to obtain permission to install an air conditioner, and empower certain authorities with authority on these issues.

It follows from the above that before installing the equipment, you need to ask if there are separate authorities and laws in your region that directly relate to the installation of appliances on the facade of the house. If there are no regulations on this matter, then there are no grounds for issuing or requiring permission. To deal with this issue, you can contact the administration with a request for clarification about the installation.

Overview of the design of the outdoor unit before connecting the air conditioner: diagram and structure

When installing an air conditioner with your own hands, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with its structure. This will avoid mistakes in the process of work and better master the technology.

The design of the outdoor unit consists of the following components:

• fan
• compressor;
• condenser;
• four-way valve;
• filter;
• control boards;

To install the air conditioner with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with its structure.

• union type connections;
• protective cover with quick release design.

The fan generates air currents that blow around the condenser. In it, freon is subjected to cooling, and its condensation occurs. The air that is blown through this radiator, on the contrary, heats up. The main function of the compressor is to compress freon and keep it moving inside the refrigeration circuit.

There are two types of compressors:

• spiral;
• piston.

Piston compressors are cheaper, but less reliable. Unlike spiral ones, they react worse to the effects of low temperatures in the cold season. When connecting an inverter air conditioner, the control board is usually located in the outdoor unit. If the model is not inverter, all electronic components are placed in that part of the split system that is installed indoors. This is done in order to protect the control board from humidity and temperature extremes.

The design of the external block includes the following units: compressor, valve, fan.

Four-way valves are commonly found in reversible types of air conditioners. Such split systems operate in two modes: "heat" and "cold". When air conditioner set to heat, this valve changes the direction of the refrigerant flow. As a result of this, the functionality of the blocks changes: the internal one starts to heat the room, and the external one works for cooling. Union fittings are used to connect copper pipes that connect the indoor and outdoor units.

The freon system filter prevents copper chips and other particles from entering the compressor. In the process of installing the air conditioner with your own hands, small debris is formed. The filter traps particles before entering the compressor.

On a note! If the installation of climate equipment is performed in violation of technology, a large amount of debris can enter the system. In this case, the filter will not cope with pollution.

The quick-release cover is designed to protect the terminal block intended for connecting wires and fitting connections. In some models, it provides partial protection by covering only the terminal block.

 
Regardless of which structural type belongs split system, its outdoor module always has the same working units.

Can the air conditioner be reset?

Ready-made installation kit for air conditioner installation allows you to install the air conditioner an unlimited number of times. That is, if suddenly there is a need to reinstall the air conditioner in another room, or a person simply moves to another apartment, then there is nothing more practical than removing the air conditioner and taking it with you. All actions simply fit into several actions: connect all the elements, connect, expel the air and the air conditioner is ready to work. To remove it - almost the same thing: first drive the freon back into the block and disconnect all the tubes. The air conditioner is ready for the next move.

Obviously, knowing how to install an air conditioner with your own hands, this becomes an achievable goal. You just need to buy a mounting kit, study all the information and carefully get to work.Then the air conditioner will work properly, and if necessary, you, as an already knowledgeable person, will be free to repair the problematic sides.

Requirements for the installation of air conditioners (split system)

Most used air conditioners have a split system. This is the design of the air conditioner, consisting of two parts: external and internal. They are connected to each other by copper pipes and an electric cable.

The outer block consists of the following elements:

• fan base. It circulates the air passing through the air heat exchanger;
• capacitor. In it, freon condenses and cools;
• compressor. It compresses freon and pumps it into the refrigeration circuit;
• automation.

The indoor unit consists of:

• filter systems (coarse and fine cleaning);
• fan. It circulates cool air in the room;
• air heat exchanger cooling air;
• blinds. They control the direction of the airflow.

In order for the installed air conditioner to justify the hopes placed, to serve for a long time and not cause questions from the relevant authorities and neighbors, you need to adhere to three main points:

1. Choose a quality air conditioner model. It should be powerful for the room, as quiet and compact as possible.
2. Correctly install the air conditioner, choose the ideal place and check the quality of the fastening.
3. Operate the structure in full compliance with the rules, regularly perform preventive measures and monitor it.

Basic requirements for installing an air conditioner with a split system:

• installation of the outdoor unit is carried out on a solid basis;
• fastening of brackets to the wall is carried out by reliable mechanisms;
• maintain a distance of at least 10 cm from the heat exchanger of the outdoor unit to the wall;
• distance not less than 10 cm from the right modular block;
• distance not less than 40 cm from the left modular block;
• there must be no obstacles within 70 cm in front of the block;
• free access to service ports is provided;
• interior items should not interfere with the free exit of air;
• the unit inside is installed further from sources of moisture and heat;
• the indoor unit is not installed in front of the front door or okra, which is always open;
• direct air flows should not be directed at people or at a place where they are often;
• it is required to ensure high-quality removal of moisture through a drainage hose;
• the distance between the unit and the ceiling is 15 cm minimum;
• the mounting plate is fixed to the wall perfectly in level with screws.

Let's take a closer look air conditioner installation instructions, delving into the features of split systems.

Installation and installation of a basket for air conditioners

The method of attaching the box for the air conditioner to the wall of the building depends on its design features and the type of facade.

Assembly of KORBAS products

Bearing brackets for the air conditioner unit are made with universal holes. Therefore, the position of the horizontal guides can be freely adjusted and any size split system outdoor unit can be installed in the basket.

Collapsible structure. This facilitates access to the unit for its maintenance - if necessary, the facing panels can be temporarily dismantled.

Special conductors developed by our company will ensure precise fastening of the brackets to the facade of the building.

You can assemble the basket on the ground and then raise it to a height for installation. Or assemble structural elements already on scaffolding.

The weight of our products without brackets varies from 13 to 30 kg.

Table 1. Weight of finished structure (with bracket without extension)

KORBAS 1	600x900x550	22	17	13
KORBAS 2	700x1000x550	25	19	16
KORBAS 3	900x1200x600	33	25	22
KORBAS 4	1050x1300x650	37	27	28

Features of mounting baskets on ventilated facades

You can install baskets on any type of facade: concrete, brick and foam block; ventilated and non-ventilated. Such wide possibilities are available thanks to a variety of brackets. Watch the video of the step-by-step installation of the basket on a ventilated facade using the FKPG bracket.

To ensure reliability and durability of our products, all of its components, including brackets, are made of galvanized sheet steel. Facade brackets are made without welding, cutting and hot-dip galvanizing, so the protective layer is not broken.

Our designers have developed two mounting options suitable for load-bearing walls made of different materials. All necessary calculations and tests have been carried out.

Facade bracket loads

IMPORTANT! When choosing fasteners, take into account the pull-out capacity of one anchor and the material of the load-bearing wall. Properly selected fasteners ensure the strength and reliability of the entire structure

Table 2. Calculated loads on KORBAS mounts

KKE	FTC 1.2	160 kg	not less than 0.55 kN
KDK 3.4	200 kg	not less than 0.75 kN
fKPG (with extension 250 mm)	FTC 1.2	180 kg	0.50 kN
KDK 3.4	210 kg	0.73 kN

* calculated load taking into account icing, snow load, block and basket weight

L-shaped bracket with extension (fKPG)

It is used for installation on a facade with external insulation: ventilated, wet.

Manufactured from galvanized steel sheet and has an extension of 250 mm.

This collapsible bracket with an embedded part installed under the insulation can be mounted on the facade before the cladding. When carrying out facing works, it does not interfere with the movement of lifts and construction cradles. Pre-installation of fasteners facilitates the installation of baskets from scaffolding.

NEW. T-bracket without extension (KPS.T)

It is used for installation on facades without external insulation, at the end of the floor slab. Manufactured from class 1 galvanized steel, ensures reliable installation on floor slabs height from 160 mm.

NEW. T-bracket with extension (fKPS.T)

For installation at the end of the floor slab, on the facade with external insulation: ventilated, wet. Manufactured from class 1 galvanized sheet steel with an extension of 250 mm. When carrying out facade cladding, this design ensures unhindered movement of construction cradles and facade lifts, and also facilitates the installation of baskets from scaffolding.

The main advantage of this fastening is reliable installation on floor slabs. height from 160 mm.

NEW. Adaptive bracket with extension (fKPG-a)

A unique adaptive bracket that avoids problems with the installation of baskets on facades with different projections and concrete walls with ledges and bumps.

Designed for facades with external insulation: ventilated, wet.

In the adaptive bracket, each channel is adjustable in the depth of the facade, as well as along.

Sanctions for inconsistent installation

For lack of permission to install an air conditioner, an administrative fine is due. Also, the judicial authorities may oblige to legalize the installation or dismantling of equipment.

Such situations are extremely rare and happen only when the outdoor unit disturbs the view of a historic building or creates problems for residents of neighboring apartments.

In practice, neighbors file a complaint with the management company, the prosecutor's office or the court in the following cases:

• loud noise from the compressor of the outdoor unit;
• ingress of condensate from the drainage tube onto window panes, window sills or windows;
• violation of the view from the balcony or from the window of the apartment.

Under such conditions, problems will arise regardless of the availability of permission to install an air conditioner on the facade of the house. Even if local authorities do not require you to coordinate with them split system installation, the equipment must not interfere with other residents.

Therefore, you need to choose the right place for installation and make sure that the device meets simple requirements:

• the noise of the unit should not disturb the peace of the neighbors;
• the outdoor unit cannot be placed on common loggias and balconies;
• condensate drainage must be organized so that drops do not drum on the window sills and do not splash into the windows;
• the installation site should look neat - without slots and dangling wires.

Compliance with these rules ensures that split system is not interfere with other residents and they will not file complaints or lawsuits.

However, if local authorities require approval for the installation of outdoor units, it is better to go through this procedure. This guarantees the absence of fines and litigation.In some regions, all that is required for issuing permits is an application stating the model of the air conditioner and a receipt for payment of the government fee.

Conclusion: If the facade of the building is not an "exclusive" design, then there are usually no problems with installing an external unit (this applies to Khrushchev, traditional brick and panel houses). Otherwise, it will be easier to resolve all issues with the managing organization, and not go around collecting signatures from all the residents of the house.

Placement of the air conditioner relative to the gas pipeline

Requirements for the installation of air conditioners on the facade of an apartment building do not regulate the distance from the outdoor unit to the gas pipes. This is the answer that was received to an official request to Mosgaz in 2014. However, the rules for the design and construction of gas pipelines put forward two requirements:

• it should be possible to visually inspect and repair the gas pipeline, therefore it cannot be closed with a block;
• gas equipment must be protected from mechanical damage. Which also means placing the air conditioner away, without creating conditions for fire, falling objects and recoiling from the unit. And so that condensate does not drip onto the gas pipes.

From my own experience, I recommend that the external unit of the air conditioner retreat from the gas pipes by at least 40 centimeters.

It is important to carefully consider the installation site of the air conditioner so that it works reliably, does not damage the facade of the building, does not interfere with neighbors and does not create conditions for emergencies.

The principle of operation of the air conditioner

The household climate system in its design has two blocks - internal and external.Between these modules, the functions of the evaporator and condenser are clearly distributed. The condenser is the outdoor unit, while the evaporator is the indoor unit. These two elements are connected to each other using a line, which includes pipes for supplying refrigerant and a control cable.

Install the external module taking into account the observance of horizontality in all planes. It is required that this part can be blown by the wind - during installation canopy for the outdoor unit of the air conditioner must not forget about this moment. Ideally, it is best that the outer part of the device is located on the balcony. When the apartment is on the top floor, the outdoor unit is in some cases located on the roof. This installation method is possible if the line length is not more than 14 meters.

When installing the condenser module on the wall of the house, a minimum distance of 10 cm must be observed, otherwise, in hot weather, there is a high risk of compressor failure due to insufficient airflow. Protection from various negative factors is required both directly for the air conditioner and for the line that combines both units of the device.

Installation of ventilated facades

Installation of a ventilated facade must be carried out in accordance with the sequence given below in the article.

It is necessary to strictly observe the technology of installation of a ventilated facade - all work is carried out in the specified order.

Preparatory stage

• We designate the boundaries of construction work, which imply a strip 3 m wide along the perimeter of the building.
• We place all the necessary materials on this site.
• We collect forests.
• Working with the surface - we evaluate the curvature of the walls.If the differences do not exceed 90 mm, then there is no need to level the walls
• We carry out a study of the facade in order to determine the permissible load and the required thickness of the insulating material.
• Surface marking is carried out in several stages. First, we mark the lighthouse lines - this is a horizontal line along the base and vertical lines along the edges of each wall - for this you can use the level. We mark intermediate points at the same distance from each other - this is where the reference and intermediate points for fasteners-brackets will be located.

Frame installation

We install brackets at the marked points for fastening the frame of the ventilated facade of fastenings. To do this, holes for the anchor are drilled in the wall with a drill - we carefully clean them of debris and fasten the brackets, the length of which corresponds to the thickness of the insulation. A paronite gasket must be installed under each bracket, which prevents heat loss.

Installation of thermal insulation and wind and hydroprotective membrane

Thermal insulation material is laid with a shift to reduce vertical seams

Mineral insulation is mounted in such a way that the wall surface is completely covered. If the insulation is laid in two layers, then it is necessary to shift the next one relative to the previous one by half the plate. This eliminates the coincidence of joints and the formation of cold bridges. The insulation is attached with dowels-umbrellas. A vapor barrier material is laid on top of the insulation.

Facade plate fasteners

Installation of porcelain stoneware on the facade

A supporting frame is mounted on top of the insulation - it is attached to the brackets. Thus, an air gap is formed between the insulation and the cladding.Installation of the supporting frame is carried out using self-tapping screws. The guides must be adjusted so that the façade system is flat. On top of the guides, fastening elements of the facing material are installed - these can be special profiles, clamps or sleds. The cladding is fastened in rows, the work is done from the bottom up.

Tips for installing a ventilation façade

Most of the mistakes made in the arrangement of ventilated facades are associated with attempts to save money. At the same time, customers do not take into account the consequences of these savings, which become apparent already in the first year of operation:

• Cheap porcelain stoneware slabs have a low UV cost, so the color of the façade will fade over time
• An attempt to save on insulation leads to the fact that the ventilated facade does not provide thermal insulation of the building and makes the facade structure fire hazardous.
• It is believed that the alignment of the walls during the installation of a ventilated facade is not required, but this is true only for those cases where the wall differences do not exceed 90 mm. Otherwise, the finished structure will be characterized by reduced strength. Wall differences lead to a decrease in the ventilation gap below the permissible minimum limit of 40mm. Difficulty in ventilation leads to the accumulation of condensate in the insulation - the material gets wet, which negatively affects the heat-insulating properties. Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing cause the rapid destruction of the insulation.
• The gap between the facing plates should not be less than 5 mm, while the dimensions of the joints should be the same. Violation of this requirement leads to a decrease in the decorative properties of the facade.

Hinged ventilated facades have a whole list of advantages that can only be obtained in the case of professional installation. Therefore, it is necessary to conclude an agreement with a company that has a license, appropriate permits and permits to perform such construction and installation work.

What are KORBAS baskets

With our KORBAS baskets, you can easily obtain permission to install an air conditioner on the facade of a house.

• Baskets are specially designed to protect the outdoor unit from damage and disguise it without disturbing the architectural style of the building.

• Several designed sizes allow you to accommodate outdoor units of any size.

• We offer a variety of cladding options to choose from.

• KORBAS baskets are painted in colors according to the RAL catalog. A wide choice of colors allows you to match the color of the baskets exactly to the color of the facade of the building.

• The side walls can be made removable to facilitate the installation of the air conditioner, its maintenance and repair.

• There are ways of fastening to walls made of various materials: concrete, brick, panels, as well as to facades with ventilated panels.

If you were informed about the cancellation of the permission to install an air conditioner due to an unaesthetic appearance of the facade, you can order a special decorative KORBAS screen of the desired color to mask the outdoor unit, which is easily mounted on an already installed split system unit.

Whether permission is required to install an air conditioner in your home, you can find out from your management company. But we are sure that it will be much easier for you to achieve the installation of the split system you need with the help of our company's products.

Is it possible to do without a visor?

Regarding the need for a canopy for a split system, there are ambiguous opinions. Often, even from experts, you can hear that its installation is not at all necessary. Indeed, the installation instructions attached to the air conditioner do not provide for the mandatory presence of such a protective device.

The very design of the external module of the device takes into account that it will constantly experience atmospheric effects.

It is also taken into account that the heat exchanger and fan blades will be cleaned of dust that has settled on them during rain. This is essential to maintain efficient heat exchange.

The visor prevents washing the heat exchanger and dirt gradually settles on it, and sometimes birds settle. On the other hand, pieces of ice falling from the roof really damage the outdoor unit.

In old houses, both collapsing brick parapets and trim elements are a threat to the external module. Therefore, those who believe that having installed an air conditioner, you need to take care of protecting its outdoor unit are also right.

The outdoor unit itself may not be damaged by ice or heavy pieces of trim that have fallen off, and communication tubes are likely to be damaged.

Repairing and charging refrigerant is a big investment, so it's a good idea to install protection for your air conditioner's outdoor unit and periodically clean the case - it's cheaper. The specifics of independent split system maintenance dedicated to the article, which we recommend to read.

Regional regulations and jurisprudence

Federal laws do not contain direct requirements for mandatory approval of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. But such norms can be adopted by the subjects of the Russian Federation. Local laws may apply in regions. Until 2011, it was necessary to obtain permits for the installation of air conditioners in Moscow and the Moscow region. Such regulations are still in effect in St. Petersburg today.

Before buying a split system, you should ask about the nuances of local legislation. If there are no such restrictions, local authorities do not issue permits.

In some cases, owners of split systems are sued by management companies who believe that external units spoil the look of a residential building. This is done under the pretext of protecting the rights of tenants.

Here you need to understand that the very fact of installing an air conditioner on the facade of a building cannot violate the rights of residents. If the outdoor unit does not interfere with the view, does not make noise and does not drip on window sills and windows, the courts do not see a violation of the rights and legitimate interests of third parties.

Another aspect of the problem is the accusations of violating the project. It is possible to talk about such a violation only if the installation locations of the external units are clearly indicated by the project documentation or such actions are expressly prohibited. In this case, the actions of the owner to change the appearance of the facade violate regulations and entail a fine for installing an air conditioner without approval.

Important: Such problems can occur in buildings with an unusual unique design. The owners of the facade are the owners of apartments in the building

Therefore, they have the right to demand to remove or rearrange the outdoor unit. To avoid possible problems, it is necessary to obtain a decision of the general meeting of residents, allowing the installation of a split system.But in order to exclude disputes with neighbors, the management company very often monitors this, and all issues can be resolved with it.

Briefly about the features of the window air conditioner

It is not necessary to install a window climate unit in a wooden window frame or a plastic double-glazed window. Such an air conditioner can be perfectly built into a wall or a door leading to a garden. But windows are rightfully considered the most suitable place for it, given the design features.

In window climate systems, the outer part is placed together with the compressor unit in one housing. Therefore, as we already wrote, there is no need to connect them with pipes and drill walls for these purposes, lay furrows in them for the construction of the route. In addition, this design eliminates freon leaks due to depressurization of working routes.

In a window air conditioner, all functional components are located in one housing, which eliminates the need for laying a route connecting two units in conventional systems.

But we note right away that the placement of both functional components in one building does not eliminate the need to install part of the system outdoors so that the equipment can freely capture air from the street for processing and supplying cold or heat (depending on the season) to the treated room.

In order for the air capture to be complete, in fact, a third of the device or even half of it must be outside the building envelope. That is, the installation must be carried out so that the air intake grille is completely behind the wall or window frame. As a result, the weighty part of the body is outside.

Monoblock equipment in a window opening or other structure must be positioned so that fresh air from the street can freely enter the intake grilles

Since it will not work to completely install the air conditioner on the window sill of a plastic window, a variety of supporting structures are constructed for its outer part. Their task is to receive the load, albeit not heavy, but still having a fairly serious weight, equipment.

Wall brackets fixed with anchor bolts in the wall are most often used as supporting structures. Less commonly, to hold climate units, platforms are built that rest on a window sill or on the same brackets. Even less often - the window sill is built in the direction of the street.

It is not recommended to install the window air conditioner in a window or other structure that is directly illuminated by the sun. Electrical components and plastic parts must not be heated at all. If there is no other way out, then for the equipment it is required to arrange a canopy that excludes the effects of rays, and at the same time rain and snow.

Technical task

Presumably, permission has been obtained, the project has been created. Next, you can proceed with the installation. It is carried out according to the terms of reference for the installation of an air conditioner, which is part of the project. What does it include and what is it for?

The standard specification for the installation of an air conditioner consists of:

• description of the object with its architectural features;
• descriptions of all installation norms and rules relating to this room;
• descriptions of the stages of work indicating the necessary tools and consumables.

This document also indicates the requirements for installing an air conditioner, namely, the features of drilling walls, laying connecting communications, connecting to a network, installing safety elements, etc.

The terms of reference prescribe not only individual requirements for installation, but also the standard rules for installing air conditioners regarding the placement of both units.