Do-it-yourself toilet in the country: step-by-step construction instructions

Material selection

If a bathhouse or a gazebo can be found far from every site, then the toilet is a must-have for a comfortable country life. Like other buildings, beautiful toilets for summer cottages can be made from different materials.

With pitched roof

A brick closet is not typical for the landscape of a summer cottage. It is a capital building with all the ensuing requirements; it is erected once and for life. For a brick toilet, a solid foundation is poured, a smooth and neat masonry is made, and a hard roof is crowned.

A beautiful outdoor brick toilet is not afraid of weather disasters, but it is rarely installed. A warm capital restroom requires significant expenses, besides, it needs more space than other options.

Capital building

The design of the profiled sheet on a metal frame can hardly be called cozy. Although it is of high quality and reliable, it is hot in summer and cold in spring and autumn. Therefore, it is recommended to sheathe a metal building.

From corrugated board

Industrial enterprises produce high-quality metal cabins. They are equipped with insulation, make the inner lining. Thanks to conveyor production, products have a low cost.

Finished projects include multi-colored plastic cabins. They are easy to install, but need careful fixing.

Contrasting door project

Most often, lumber is used to design a toilet in the country. Wood is popular for several reasons: it is affordable, easy to process, and has a textured surface. The wood is not heavy, so there is no need to build a foundation for a wooden toilet.

lumber models

Wooden walls keep heat well and breathe. Their resistance to bad weather and pests can be enhanced with a simple surface treatment. Treated wood remains harmless to humans.

Maximum sustainability

About the wooden country toilet in the following video:

Design

There are four main architectural forms that, together with a variety of decor, cover most of the ideas for country toilets. They have the following differences:

Hut. The most primitive design option, which implies its strength and resistance to wind.The hut occupies more land than other forms, and in order for it to become comfortable, and you do not have to hit your head on the side surfaces, the horse must be raised to a height of three or more meters. You can forget about saving materials.

hut

Birdhouse. It is also a fairly easy-to-implement option, which, moreover, will take up less land than a hut. But because of its chip - a shed roof, the building is blown by the wind more strongly, and it keeps heat worse. On the roof you can install a metal tank with water. This design of an outdoor toilet cannot be called beautiful, so it is placed in the backyard and masked with plants.

Under a polycarbonate roof

House. In terms of lumber consumption, the house is comparable to a birdhouse, but structurally stronger and warmer; it is often supplemented with a window for natural light and ventilation. The shape of the house is conducive to the use of different types of decorative finishes.

Chalet style

Hut. The design is more complicated than others in implementation, but it turns out to be especially durable, and inside there is additional space for a small shelf and a washstand. The hut, as the most beautiful toilet in the country, is easily played up in different types of design. It is easy to fit into any landscape, the hut looks perfect surrounded by flowers and shrubs.

The project of a hut with a decorative roof

About the ideas of country toilets in the following video:

Briefly about the main

The arrangement of a country toilet begins with the choice of design. Improving the quality of life affects the choice: a dry closet is increasingly preferred to a classic cesspool. When choosing a place, aesthetic and sanitary standards, as well as the level of groundwater, play an important role.

For construction, wood is more often chosen, there are metal and plastic booths.Brick option for giving - a rarity. The design of a summer toilet in the country depends on several parameters. It is created on the basis of four basic forms (although there are also exclusive copies), and diversified with decor and decoration to your liking.

We start building. Cesspool and wall reinforcement

Cesspool

It is the toilet with a cesspool that is the most in demand due to its simple operation. All impurities fall into a deep pit. When it is 2/3 filled, it must be cleaned. There is also the option of transferring it, but we will talk about this below.

To strengthen future walls, several optimal options are used. For example, you can take boards pre-treated with an antiseptic, concrete rings, bricks, a barrel without a bottom, or old tires. Care must be taken to remove sewage from the cesspool.

If brickwork is used, then the brick is laid in a checkerboard pattern, and the last six rows are laid solid. If a backlash closet is being equipped, then excellent sealing of the pit is needed here. Therefore, a screed is poured to the bottom, or it is simply covered with rubble. If a brick cesspool is made, then a concrete floor is poured on top. For this, formwork is made of bars and boards. After the concrete has hardened, the frame must be dismantled.

If you do not want to constantly clean the pit, then you can fill it up, and move the house to another place. After several movements, it can be returned to its original place, and the decayed waste can be used to fertilize the beds.

Where to build a toilet

For pit latrines, there are a number of sanitary and hygienic standards and restrictions on which their location on the site depends.Minimum distances from the toilet to other objects:

• To water sources (wells, wells, lakes, rivers) - 25 m;
• To houses, cellars - 12 m;
• To a summer shower or bath - 8 m;
• To the nearest tree - 4 m, and to shrubs - 1 m;
• To the fences - at least 1 m.

Scheme: the correct location of the toilet relative to other buildings in the summer cottageImportant! When choosing a construction site, it is worth considering not only the objects located on your own site, but also those located on the neighboring one.

So that summer evenings on the terrace are not spoiled by amber, the place is chosen taking into account the wind rose. If the site is located on a slope, it is better to put the toilet at the lowest point.

materials

As materials for the construction of the toilet, you can use various options. Often what is left of the construction of the main structures on the site is used.

To equip a cesspool, you will need the following:

• sand;
• cement mixture;
• gravel;
• reinforcement to strengthen the foundation;
• chain-link mesh to fit the bottom and walls of the pit, as well as metal pins to attach this mesh to the soil.

Another option instead of a chain-link and concrete is a brick, which also lays out the bottom and walls of the pit. You can also use a well concrete ring, which has holes in its walls or large rubber tires. The easiest option is to purchase a ready-made, special container treated with a septic solution and produced in various sizes.

The toilet house can be made from different materials.

from wood

To make a wooden building not very heavy in weight, it is better to use boards. From a bar, the structure will be heavier, in this case, you first need to take care of the foundation.

The most common version of a country toilet is made of wooden boards. It has both advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages of a wooden building include:

• Aesthetic appearance. Compared to a metal or plastic house, a wooden one looks more solid and comfortable. In addition, it harmoniously fits into the natural atmosphere, as it is made of natural material.
• The construction of such a house does not require large financial costs.
• Durability. With timely treatment of wood with protective solutions and cleaning the surface of dirt, the building can last for many years.
• The tree itself has the property of neutralizing unpleasant odors, especially in the first time after the installation of the structure, exuding a pleasant forest aroma.
• If the building becomes unsuitable for further use, it can be easily disassembled and disposed of using a stove or a fire to kindle.

from brick

This is a solid, laborious and expensive option. It will also require the construction of a foundation. It should be understood that the use of this material will not provide additional heat inside the toilet. To do this, the room must be insulated separately, using lightweight materials, such as foam.

And corrugated board

Such a structure can be erected without spending extra time and effort. In addition, a light-weight building is obtained from the profiled sheet, which will not allow the soil to settle.

From plywood or OSB board

Pretty simple and convenient option. Its construction will not require much time and financial costs.You can also use this material for cladding a frame built from a profile pipe or timber.

The disadvantages of a wooden structure are the following factors:

• All wooden buildings are flammable and in the event of a fire are completely destroyed in a short time. This can be avoided by special impregnation with a heat-resistant solution.
• If the surface is not treated with a special agent, the boards can quickly become damp and rot.
• Wood is a material in which various insects can start destroying the building. Only periodic treatment of the premises with a pesticide can get rid of them.

Foundation or supports

A simple house can be erected as soon as the pit for the remains is completely ready. There is nothing super natural in the mounting process if there is a project:

1. The building has an insignificant specific gravity, and therefore it will be enough to deepen 4 supports made of a metal pipe. If it is not there, then it is allowed to make pillars of brick. Existing options for arranging the foundation for an outdoor toilet
2. From the bars 5x5 cm the skeleton is equipped. First, put together two rectangles according to the scale of the toilet, and then connect them together with 4 vertical bars, the two rear pillars should be lower than the front ones, by the amount of the roof slope.
3. The supports are fixed by mounting a scarf from a bar to give strength to the structure.
4. At a height of 50 cm, a toilet seat is mounted, it is worth nailing two bars across to the frame. The process of assembling the toilet frameFinishing the outdoor toilet
5. A crate is made upstairs, the step of which will depend on the choice of roofing material. When it is planned to cover the roof with a sheet of slate, an auxiliary crate is not required.The process of sheathing the frame of the toilet with boards
6. If you have, say, soft tiles left from the construction of the house, then you first need to lay the OSB sheet, then waterproofing, and only after that install the tiles. The process of covering the frame of the toilet with tiles
7. Put two supports, auxiliary in the place of fastening of the wooden carved door.
8. Put the prepared frame on the frame, which turned out to be on the base and proceed to the sheathing.

See in the video how to quickly make a foundation for a country toilet.

Toilet seat

The simplest design is a round or diamond-shaped hole in the floor. But more comfortable to use like a toilet.

Apply the following solutions:

1. purchased toilet for a summer residence. A plastic product that differs from the usual one by the absence of a siphon;
2. an old chair with a hole in the seat;
3. homemade toilet seat, knocked together in the form of a box. The frame of the bars can be sheathed, for example, with moisture-resistant plywood;
4. a toilet seat in the form of a board with a hole fixed on a vertically mounted steel pipe of large diameter. The upper end of the pipe is unfolded with a “chamomile”, making several cuts from the end, which allows you to attach a board to it.

Do-it-yourself toilet in the country - drawings and dimensions + photo

In order for the building to fully meet the requirements for it, a drawing should be developed before construction begins.

When planning the interior space, you should make sure that the cabin is comfortable and safe to use. The height of the building should not be less than two meters.

To make it convenient to use the toilet at night, it is worth planning the supply of electric lighting. Otherwise, it is worth providing a small window on top to provide a sufficient level of natural light.

Sometimes a window is provided on the door. The same window will act as ventilation. If its device is not provided, an exhaust pipe will be required.

When choosing the dimensions of the future toilet, you should make a reference to the area. So that in the summer it is not stuffy inside, it is worth giving preference to the shaded part of the site and maintaining the minimum distance to the well, well, open reservoirs.

cesspool

Cesspools are a separate issue. The nuances of their construction and how you can do without them at all will be discussed below.

Outdoor toilet device: photo

And this figure shows a diagram of the construction of an economic block and a toilet in the yard. Particular attention should be paid to the reflector 1, which is one of the main components of the toilet, because it is he who directs the feces to the front of the drain pit. Then the whole mass gradually slides into the so-called pumping pocket. During this process, the discarded masses are mixed with bacteria. It is thanks to the reflector that the correct biocenosis occurs. If you do not use it, then the pit will need to be 2 times deeper and larger in volume. "Gray" drains can merge into a pit without a reflector and also fall into its front part. In order to avoid infiltration into the soil, it is imperative to use a blind concrete box 4 and a clay lock 3. An inspection and cleaning door 2 is also essential.

Organization of a cesspool

If you need to build such a structure as a toilet in the country with your own hands, an instruction, a drawing with dimensions, will help you organize this work. Often the sewer for such a structure is a storage tank. It is quite easy to construct such a system.But first you need to choose the right size and location. If you make a mistake, sewage will poison not only the soil, but the very life of the owner of the site.

During the start of work, a lot of questions often arise on the topic of how to make a toilet in the country with your own hands, a drawing, and what is the best way to dig a hole? To do this, you can use a shovel or hire the services of an excavator.

But this is not important, but the subsequent finishing of the drain. Many materials are used to construct pits.

The service life of the finished structure depends on the correct choice of manufacturing technology.

You need to know that sewer pits can be accumulative and filtering. Accumulative need frequent pumping, and filter pollute the soil. In principle, pits with an insufficient tightness indicator are prohibited, but they are still constructed in suburban areas.

Do-it-yourself toilet pits in the country are constructed from:

• bricks;
• plastic tank;

To construct such a system from the selected material, it is necessary to dig a hole, it is better to do this with a shovel. The volume of this design is not large, but with the help of a shovel it will be even. Thus, the process of laying bricks is facilitated. During this procedure, it is worth considering the parameters of the brick, and the waterproofing layer. It is better to dig 20 cm wider and deeper than you need.

When a pit for a toilet in a country house is dug with your own hands, it must be equipped. The bottom must be compacted, covered with a layer of sand of 15 cm and also compacted tightly. Then, broken brick and reinforcing mesh are laid on the bottom area. And they are poured with concrete, also with a layer of 15 cm. If the bottom is of the filter type, then a crushed stone layer is poured onto the sand layer.

For laying bricks, it is necessary to fill the foundation around the perimeter. Finishing the walls of the sewer drain for the toilet in the country house with your own hands is carried out on half a brick. For this type of finish, it is recommended to use a silicate type brick, red is a more suitable option. A do-it-yourself pit for a toilet in the country from a cinder block will last longer. After the masonry is completed, if it is decided that the pit will be airtight, then it is necessary to fill the gaps and seams with mortar or mastic, and then cover it.

If there are dimensions and a drawing of the toilet in the country with your own hands, you can organize the overlap in this way:

• To construct a floor slab, you must first fill the voids between the masonry and the ground with soil. During such a manipulation, it is desirable to leave a distance of 20 cm to the top of the structure, during this gap, it is necessary to pour concrete, which will act as a reinforcement under the ceiling.
• To prevent concrete from falling into the pit, it must be covered with sheets of metal or tin, but to ensure that the sheet does not bend, supports are installed in the pit. The solution itself is made from cement and sand. It is advisable to take cement grade 400. The batch is done in a ratio of 1 to 3, namely 1 cement and 3 sand. If there is crushed stone, then it is better to add it, as the quality of the solution improves and it becomes more reliable. The slab is cast in one piece.

To make the slab more reliable, the site is reinforced and only then it is poured. To make a toilet in the country with your own hands, drawings will help you.

When designing a drain pit for a toilet in a country house with your own hands, instructions, a drawing with dimensions must be required, especially if plastic is used

It is important to consider that you need to dig such a hole a little larger, about twenty centimeters on each side. Filling the bottom is carried out according to the same principle as in brick pits

But even during the reinforcement under the floor slab, it is necessary to make 2 loops. A tank will be attached to them in the future.

After the concrete has completely hardened, a container is lowered into the pit and tied to the loops, which will prevent the light material from floating to the surface under the influence of groundwater. Now you need to fill the voids between the pit and the tank itself with earth. It would be ideal if the voids are filled with a mixture of sand and cement.

It is recommended to fill the container with water while filling voids. Thus, it does not collapse under pressure.

How to make peat powder closet yourself?

Since we already know that peat-treated feces make good fertilizer, before building a powder closet, think about where the compost site will be.

Stage #1. Getting ready for work

To build a powder closet, we need:

• boards;
• plywood;
• fasteners (screws and nails);
• toilet seat.

Ready-made seat can be bought at the store.

Stage #2. Basic rules for the construction of a powder closet

Before you make a peat toilet in the country, you need to assemble a box. To do this, we need four boards, which should be fastened together with self-tapping screws. In order to be able to install the feces accumulator inside the box, a cutout is made in its front part.

Next, take a sheet of plywood and cut a hole in it.This sheet is used for sheathing the upper part of the box. We install plywood so that the technical hole is located directly above the storage tank.

For the convenience of placing the drive under the technical hole, it is not at all necessary to make a cutout in the front of the box: you can simply make the plywood element folding

You need to attach legs to the box, calculating their height so that you can easily install and remove the drive. It remains to fix a comfortable seat around the technical hole. As already mentioned, a powder closet seat can be bought at the store. Depending on the material of manufacture, it will cost you from 250 to 5000 rubles.

Under the hole is a container for feces. It should immediately be filled with about five centimeters of peat. It is better to have several storage containers so that they can be changed as they fill up.

Like any other, a peat toilet needs ventilation. For this purpose, you can use the pipe already known to us with a deflector attached to it. It is not necessary to lower it into the container itself. A hole in the cabin door will also be useful. It will increase the level of ventilation and allow the use of daylight to illuminate the cabin.

The following article will acquaint you with the drawings of country wooden toilets, made in the form of a hut, the contents of which we advise you to read.

Types of outdoor toilets

During the construction of a summer residence, even for seasonal living, a sewerage system and a bathroom must be equipped in the house. Another thing is that if you are often on the street, then hardly anyone will want to drag dirt from the beds into the house when visiting the restroom.

The solution to this problem is the construction of a latrine on the street.

The construction of such a structure should be treated with special attention. After all, such a structure is not intended for temporary use.

The best option would be to conclude an agreement with a qualified construction team. Professionals will perform the work qualitatively and the structure will last for many years.

Consider options for modern latrines.

Standard

This is a small house familiar to everyone with a pit under it. For its construction, they usually dig a hole, and put the toilet itself over it. When filling the pit, it is cleaned, for which a specially equipped (sewage) machine is called.

This version of the toilet for a summer residence is time-tested. Previously, this method of building latrines was used everywhere. Today, there are more modern ways to dispose of sewage.

The standard "booth" is not original, but does its job properly

Outdoor toilet without a pit - powder closet

It is mainly used in cases where it is not possible to dig a hole, or there is no need for frequent use of the toilet.

This type of summer cottage is convenient for its compactness. The toilet seat is placed on a small container. After each visit to this room, it is necessary to pour a special mixture of peat into the container. Other types of backfill are also possible: earth, ash, sawdust, dry crushed leaves, etc. It helps to get rid of bad odors.

There are also negative aspects of such a building: a small volume of the container. If the toilet is regularly used by a large number of people, the container will often have to be emptied, therefore, it makes sense in such a purchase only if the toilet will be used from time to time.

Powder closet - toilet without a pit

Outdoor toilet with sealed pit

This solution is suitable for people who are not able to place the structure away from the main living space. Still, it will have to be used in the case of high groundwater or the presence of any other source of water near the plot.

A sealed pit is made of concrete or plastic containers

Dry closet - a subspecies of powder closet

If you want to acquire such a design, it must be borne in mind that its working capacity requires cleaning about once a week. The main difference from powder closet is the separation of waste. In two containers, sewage is separated into solid and liquid.

There is no unpleasant odor here, which is explained by the slow oxidation of otdov. The main condition for this is a tightly closed toilet lid. But you need to make sure that flies do not fly into the toilet. If insects begin to lay eggs, then worms will start in the biomass and rapid oxidation of human waste products will begin. As a result, the distribution of the corresponding smell will begin.

Backfill options for dry closets are different. The product is poured into the toilet lid. When it is raised, part of the backfill falls into the discharge hole. After closing the lid, the waste is automatically filled.

Recognizable dry closet design

Types of country toilets

Consider three types: backlash - powder closets, dry closets.

play closet

It got its name from the ventilation duct, combined with the chimney. Due to its heating, traction is formed. Naturally, no odors. In summer, to create draft, a simple heater such as an incandescent lamp for 15–20 W is built into the lower part of the chimney.

The pit is periodically pumped out.

It should have one outer wall, a window is arranged in it.

Rice. 3.1 - chimney; 2 - backlash channel; 3 - insulated cover; 4 - standard sewer hatch; 5 - ventilation pipe; 6 - clay castle; 7 - brick walls.

Rice. 4. Indoor play closet with individual ventilation

A rather complicated, but impeccable sanitary design. The calculation of the volume is as follows: when cleaning once a year, 1 cubic meter per person: with four - 0.25 cubic meters. For any calculation, the depth is at least 1 meter: the level of the contents should not be less than 50 cm from the ground.

The pit is airtight: a concrete bottom is poured over the clay castle, the walls are also concrete or lined with bricks. Internal surfaces are insulated with bitumen. The vent must always be higher than the edge of the waste pipe.

Of course, such a scheme does not quite fit into the concept of a country house, but this type of toilet will not cause claims from either neighbors or local authorities.

It is very important!. Same street type design

The same design of the street type.

Rice. 5; 1 - ventilation duct; 2 - sealed cover; 3 - clay castle; 4 - hermetic shell of the pit; 5 - content; 6 - impact board; 7 - ventilation window.

There are a lot of designs of the toilet seat, it is produced specifically for such toilets and sanitary ware.

Rice. 6. Toilet bowl for play closets.

Inner hole diameter 300mm, cover not included.

cleaning

Over time, silt forms in the pit, which prevents the liquid from draining. As a result, the hole quickly fills up.

In order to restore its filtration, craftsmen advise mixing the contents by chemical means: quicklime, calcium carbide, yeast.A positive effect can be observed in 1 - 2 cases out of 10. In the rest - big troubles.

Today there is a wide range of biological agents and stimulants for cesspools that eliminate sludge without noise and dust, turn the contents into compost, suitable for growing even vegetable crops.

Of course, this takes time: at least 2 - 3 years, depending on the average annual temperature, strict adherence to the manufacturer's instructions, especially in terms of application. The smell can be eliminated within a few weeks.

If it does not make practical sense or is contrary to cultural traditions, calling a special vehicle will solve all problems. When such visits seem costly, it is time to consider another option, which we will discuss below.

Sanitary standards

You will have to build a country toilet with your own hands with a cesspool, taking into account the fact that with an average daily flow of less than 1 cubic meter, it can have an open bottom, from above it can only be closed.

It is released from the contents at least 2 times a year. The signal for this is the content level is less than 35 cm from the ground level.

Disinfection of cesspools of street latrines is carried out with a mixture of such a composition.

• Lime chloride 10%.
• Sodium hypochlorite 5%.
• Naphtalizol 10%.
• Creolin 5%
• Sodium metasilicate 10%.

Pure dry bleach is prohibited: releases deadly chlorine when wet.

Powder closet

Here the pit is replaced by a small container. There are buckets with a sealed lid, which is removed before the procedure. At its end, the contents are “powdered” with organic material. There is a smell when the lid is open, especially in hot weather. The use of biopreparations significantly reduces it.

Rice. 7.1 - ventilation window; 2 - cover; 3 - toilet seat; 4 - capacity; 5 - wooden frame; 6 - frame base; 7 - gravel and crushed stone backfill; 8 - door.

The advantages of this design is that an outdoor toilet is not necessary for it. It can be a corner of an outbuilding, a basement. The presence of a ventilation window or pipe is required.

Closet powder easily transforms into compost and vice versa. A rational solution is to combine it with a shower or utility room.

Rice. 8. Combined structure.

Modern models are presented by Elena Malysheva.

The electric toilet leaves behind a handful of ash, but you can't use it as fertilizer. This also applies to chemical devices.

Foundation

Such a small-sized building does not need a foundation buried to the level of soil freezing: the maximum heaving forces will cause a slight skew, but they will not be able to destroy the booth. For a frame "house" of beams or rolled metal, a columnar foundation is constructed from 4 pillars in the corners.

Pillars are made in two ways:

1. having dug a recess of convenient sizes to a depth of 40-50 cm, a sand and gravel drainage cushion 20 cm thick (rammed) is arranged at the bottom of it and a brick column is erected just above ground level. That is, the height of the latter will be 20-30 cm. Next, the excavation is backfilled, carefully tamping the soil around the column. The brick used is red (ceramic). Silicate (white) in the ground will quickly become unusable;
2. with a garden drill, a round hole is formed in the ground to a depth of 40–50 cm, a sand and gravel mixture is poured to the bottom and a large-diameter plastic pipe is placed in the recess. Then a mortgage is fixed inside the pipe in the form of a hairpin and concrete is poured into it.

If the construction site is not protected from the wind by trees or buildings, the foundation is deepened more deeply so that the “house” does not overturn. In this case, the concrete column is reinforced with three vertical rods arranged in the form of ribs of a parallelepiped with a triangular base (they are connected into a single frame by thinner crossbars).

For a brick toilet, a shallow strip foundation is arranged. Concrete is reinforced with a belt of three reinforcement bars located closer to the sole (with significant penetration - two belts, top and bottom). The corners are reinforced with L-shaped bent rods - this ensures a rigid connection between the tapes.

The minimum distance from the inner edge of the foundation to the edge of the cesspool is 30 cm.

How to make a cesspool?

In order for the bathroom to be made in the country according to all the rules, it is important to strictly observe certain sanitary and hygienic requirements:

a place for a toilet should be located at a distance of at least 20 m from the well;
it is unacceptable to place a bathroom in the very center of the yard;
when choosing a place for a restroom, it must be taken into account that it is at least 1 m away from the border of the neighboring plot;
during the direct installation of the toilet, it is necessary to take into account the wind rose so as not to feel an unpleasant odor;
when choosing a place for a restroom, you need to make sure that there is an opportunity for the entrance of a sewage truck.

To comply with all hygiene standards, the following points must be taken into account:

• The drain pit must have a depth of at least 2 m;
• The sewage pit is made in a square configuration, in which the length of each side should be 1 m.It is also possible to make a hole in the form of a circle with an internal diameter of 2 m, so that reinforced concrete rings can be installed there.

Among the possible methods of sealing the drain pit, the installation of concrete rings provides the greatest reliability. This option is preferred for the following reasons:

• the design of reinforced concrete rings will not allow runoff to penetrate into groundwater;
• you will provide protection against contamination of the future crop.

Using reinforced concrete rings for a cesspool, you can guarantee a high level of sewer sealing in the country.

A couple of decades ago, wooden boards or bricks were used to strengthen the sewage pit from the inside. Now, in order to securely lock the drains, concrete rings are used and the bottom is made on the basis of a concrete screed. True, this option has one important drawback: to clean such a cesspool, it is necessary to involve a sewer machine. However, if you do not use the cottage all year round, then you will not incur significant costs in keeping the country bathroom clean.

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Considering various options for installing a septic tank in the country, many owners choose a drainage system. However, this option for a bathroom is only advisable if the family consumes water in small quantities. The fact is that if the rate of water consumption is large enough, then this will create certain difficulties with waste disposal.In addition to this, when using the drainage system, the owner and his family members will constantly smell in the yard, since in this case there is a high risk of groundwater pollution.

In general, the drainage system is made according to the same scheme as described above. The difference is that it does not require the installation of a reinforced concrete slab, instead the pit is filled with a layer of sand and gravel:

• sand should be coarse-grained and have a thickness of about 10 cm;
• granite gravel is recommended to use a small fraction and cover it with a layer of 5 cm.

The upper part of the septic tank is covered with a thermally bonded geotextile. However, when deciding to build such a septic tank, you need to consider that environmental services have a negative attitude towards such structures.