Temperature and humidity in rooms for children: standard indicators and methods for their normalization

The dependence of air humidity on the season

The influence of the change of seasons on the level of humidity in the apartment is unambiguous, but it would be more correct to talk about the influence of the heating season in the city.

In summer, early autumn and late spring, when the central heating in the houses is turned off, the indicators approach the norm without any additional adjustments. The high temperature outside, coupled with constant ventilation, creates an ideal indoor atmosphere. In extreme heat, the indicator may exceed the permissible norm, and then you will have to resort to lowering the humidity using air conditioning or other means.

On the contrary, in the winter months, when the batteries begin to warm the air in the apartment, and the windows open less and less, the indicators can drop to 10-15%.

That is why during this period it is important to constantly monitor the level of humidity and, if necessary, increase it yourself to the norm using special devices or resorting to folk methods and improvised means.

What to do if the room is damp?

Excessive humidity in the baby's room is just as unfavorable as excessive dryness. Too humid air significantly lowers the temperature in the room.

We recommend reading: The smell of ammonia from the mouth: causes, quick elimination

Hypothermia of a child in a damp room threatens with frequent colds, which begin with rhinitis. If you do not take measures to normalize the humidity in the room, then a chronic runny nose can develop into sinusitis.

Constant dampness causes the development of mold on walls and ceilings, fungal microorganisms on furniture.

Toxic spores with air enter the lungs and esophagus of a fragile child's body. Hence the occurrence of allergic reactions, general intoxication, mycoses of internal organs. Dampness and excessive air humidity must be dealt with by all available means.

The norms of the humidity indicator in the apartment

To figure out what humidity should be in the apartment, the norms developed on the basis of GOST 30494-96 will help. According to the relevant articles in SNiP and SanPiN, the permissible level depends on the season:

• during the heating season, the norm of humidity in the apartment is considered to be up to 45% with an allowable maximum of 60%;
• when the central heating is turned off, the normal humidity in the apartment is considered to be 30-60%, with an allowable maximum of 65%.

In the cold stream from the window, the vapor concentration is not more than 1.6 g / m3, which, at normal room temperature, manifests itself as 10% relative humidity, and therefore simple ventilation, it would seem, with humid air from the street, to obtain a comfortable microclimate in room is not enough.

Understanding what air humidity is considered normal in an apartment, the owners should constantly check its level, especially in winter during the heating season, when ventilation is less frequent, and batteries dry out the air in the room.

A household increase in humidity during washing, cleaning, cooking is clearly not enough, therefore at home it is important to constantly monitor this indicator and take measures to normalize it, especially if infants live in the house

What affects her

The following points can affect the indicators:

• the location of a large water tank in the room, for example, an aquarium;
• an abundance of domestic flowers and other plants that are constantly watered;
• a cooker not equipped with an extractor hood becomes a source of a large volume of saturated steam;
• moisture accumulating on the window in the form of condensate when the window blocks are not installed correctly;
• periodic or permanent leaks of water pipes or roofs in a private house;
• leaks from neighbors from the top floor;
• poorly functioning or not working at all ventilation;
• freezing seams in a panel house.

What humidity is optimal for children

If the family has a child, it is necessary to maintain the optimal humidity in the apartment, taking into account the characteristics of the child's body.

Violation of the norm of air humidity in the apartment is fraught with the occurrence of various diseases, especially in infants. Excessively dry air leads to coughing, hypothermia, allergic reactions up to the diagnosis of asthmatic. Too damp air will cause a runny nose, the occurrence of SARS.

The optimal humidity for a child's room or bedroom is considered to be between 50 and 60 percent (the same rate is optimal for pregnant women).

Dr. Komarovsky believes that when a child falls ill with ARVI, it is desirable to increase the recommended rate to 70%. In this mode, the child will feel more comfortable and the health improvement will go faster.

It is important to consider that these recommendations are valid at a temperature in the nursery of no more than 24 degrees, otherwise humid and excessively warm air will cause other dangerous diseases.

Why do we need SanPiN

It follows from Article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation that employers are obliged to create not only safe conditions at workplaces in the office or at work, but also maintain a comfortable atmosphere - temperature, humidity level, etc. The relevant standards are set in order to work 8 hours a day (40 hours/week) did not cause harm to health. In addition, comfortable conditions have a positive effect on the performance of staff.

When introducing a temperature norm in a working room, officials necessarily pay attention to humidity, air velocity, surface temperature, etc. In addition, indicators may differ due to varying degrees of load and types of work

For example, in foundries, their own temperature is considered comfortable, which cannot be said about ordinary office premises.

Next, consider what should be the temperature workplace in the office.

Optimum temperature and humidity in the nursery

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If the air in the room is not cool enough and humid, then the heat transfer slows down, and the child begins to sweat. And since the supply of water and salt in the baby's body is limited, dehydration can occur very quickly.

The optimal temperature range for a child's room ranges from 18 to 20 °C. The norm of humidity in the apartment is considered to be 50-70%. In the daytime during the period of air procedures, the temperature in the room can rise to 20–21 ° C, and during night sleep it should not exceed 18–19 ° C.

Airing the room before going to bed for 5-10 minutes

Such a microclimate contributes to the healthy development of the child, normal metabolic processes, good mood and appetite. Excessively warm and dry air can cause drying of the mucous membranes, the formation of crusts in the nose, difficulty breathing, coughing.

Excessive sweating and, as a result, dehydration of the body threatens with poor digestion, constipation, and blood clots.

Why is it important to maintain normal humidity at home?

Maintaining a normal level of humidity in the house is an important task, since this parameter directly affects the comfort of living, as well as the health of all family members. The optimal humidity in the apartment for a child is the key to his health and normal development. This also applies to adults, small pets and, of course, the appearance of the premises themselves.

High humidity

High humidity in a private house is a fairly common phenomenon that affects all residents. It is the high rate of water that is the reason why even in the warm season the room is quite cool.

In addition, water-saturated air has the following consequences:

• The number of diseases per year is becoming more frequent, especially those that develop from bacteria and viruses;
• The work of the lungs and the respiratory system worsens;
• There is always a certain stuffiness in the room;
• An unpleasant smell appears in any of the rooms, especially those that are tiled;
• Mold and fungus develop, which are dangerous for the health of children and animals;
• Plants in the house cease to grow and bloom, gradually wither and rot in the roots;
• Deformation of finishing materials (wallpaper and paint), as well as a change in the appearance of the furniture set;
• It becomes impossible to keep the bedding and dry things in a normal mode, because they remain damp.

Reduced air humidity

Such a phenomenon as low humidity has a detrimental effect not only on households, but also on the environment as a whole. A similar phenomenon occurs, as a rule, due to high air temperature, the use of heating systems and other cases.

Dry air in the apartment leads to the following consequences:

• Deterioration of the general level of well-being, as well as a decrease in the health of hair and nails, peeling of the skin, the appearance of dandruff and skin diseases;
• Constant redness of the skin and mucous membranes, discomfort in the eye area;
• Deterioration of the circulatory system, which leads to headaches, decreased performance, decreased physical activity, and so on;
• The work of immunity as a whole is weakened, the human body, both an adult and a child, becomes more susceptible to diseases;
• Deterioration of the digestive tract, the process of food decay slows down, a set of extra calories occurs;
• The air is saturated with various formations and allergens, which can cause discomfort and various kinds of diseases.

The apartment is cold where to complain

Before going in search of heat, it should be remembered that the heat in the room will be supplied through the heating system only when the street temperature reaches a certain level.

Regulations require starting heating when the outside temperature is set to no more than 8 degrees. This temperature indicator must last five days in a row, and only after that the premises will begin to be heated.

When the heating in the house is established, and temperature deviations are observed only in your room, it is necessary to check the in-house heating system for airing.

It is enough to feel the individual batteries in the apartment from top to bottom, and vice versa. If part of the batteries is noticeably warm and the rest is cold, you can be sure that air is the cause of the thermal imbalance. Air is released using a separate valve, which is located on each radiator battery.

Before opening the tap, you should substitute some container under it. When you open the faucet, the water should come out with a characteristic hissing sound. If the water began to flow evenly and without hissing, then the air is released from the system, and the job is done.

After that, lock the valve in the closed position. After a while, check the cold places on the battery, they should warm up.

If the matter is not in the batteries and they are completely cold, you should contact the Criminal Code. The technician will come during the day. He will be able to draw up a conclusion on the temperature regime in the housing and call, if necessary, a team that will fix all the problems.

When the Criminal Code did not respond to the appeal you submitted or the appearance of the technician did not change the situation, you should take temperature measurements in the housing yourself by calling your neighbors.

When you have an instrument such as a pyrometer at your disposal, you should use it to take the necessary temperature measurements. Record all the data with an act on measuring the air temperature in the housing. It is compiled in the usual form. Let the neighbors sign the act.

You should pay attention to the fact that the temperature regime is determined by the "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for residential buildings and premises" SanPiN 2.1.2.1002-00. Recorded measurements should be compared with the limit values ​​specified in SanPiN. Then you need to re-go to the Criminal Code and the organization that supplies the house with heat to write a written claim

Then you need to re-go to the Criminal Code and the organization that supplies the house with heat to write a written claim

Recorded measurements should be compared with the limit values ​​specified in SanPiN.Then you need to re-go to the Criminal Code and the organization that supplies the house with heat to write a written claim.

The document is drawn up in two copies. One of the copies should be in your hands with a stamp, signed with the data of the person who accepted the document and the date of receipt of the document. The second one must be submitted for consideration.

If you were not satisfied with the answer, then you do not need to leave everything halfway, proceed further. You should contact the district Prosecutor's Office and the Housing Inspectorate, since it is she who is authorized to monitor the work of the Criminal Code and other communal structures.

Also write a letter to Rospotrebnadzor (based on the violation of your consumer rights). You can use the Rospotrebnadzor hotline (8-80-010-000-04).

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What are the risks of non-compliance?

Unfortunately, parents' complaints that the kindergarten is too hot and stuffy can be heard quite often. Non-compliance by educators with SanPiN should not be ignored, as this can lead to health problems for children. Let's analyze how non-compliance with sanitary standards can affect a child's health, why educators do not comply with SanPiN and what it can threaten them with.

High room temperatures make the air dry. Dry air can lead to drying of the mucous membranes and deterioration of local immunity, because the dry mucous membrane cannot trap bacteria and viruses and they quickly enter the body.Often dry air is the cause of diseases such as:

• tonsillitis;
• growth of adenoids;
• the appearance of allergies or even asthma (when the mucous membrane dries out, sensitivity to allergens increases).

It happens the other way around: excessive ventilation or lack of heaters leads to colds in children.

Parents often wonder why their child has become more likely to get colds after he started going to the garden. The cause of SARS is dry air and elevated air temperatures. Why is this happening? In cool air, pathogenic bacteria quickly die, and warm, dry air promotes their development.

Why teachers do not comply with sanitary rules?

The reasons may be different:

1. Educators themselves do not know what is best for children. They believe that warmth is the main guarantee of health, and therefore for them ventilation and open windows are the main enemies for children.
2. The reason may be parents who do not know what is good for the health of their child. The scandal over the fact that the child caught a cold after the teacher opened the window in the room will discourage this teacher from ventilating the room for a long time.
3. Sometimes in a kindergarten there is simply not enough necessary equipment - heaters or air humidifiers. In this case, parents must buy everything they need themselves.
4. No matter how unpleasant it may be, some teachers deliberately break the rules: they create drafts and cool the rooms.It is easier for them to work if there are fewer children in the group, and at the same time, the wages of educators do not decrease, even if the number of children attending the kindergarten decreases by half.

   But the most unpleasant thing in this situation is that it can be very difficult to prove that the child caught a cold precisely through the fault of the teacher, and some parents do not even try to do it.

You can learn about other norms and rules in kindergarten separately. Read about filling out the morning filter journal, catering, the recommended number of children in a group, and the allowable air temperature for a walk.

How can this violation threaten kindergarten workers?

Usually, violations are immediately detected when an inspection is carried out in the kindergarten. Violators must pay a fine established by Rospotrebnadzor:

• A fine in the amount of 200 to 300 minimum wages established by regulatory enactments.
• If during the proceedings it is established that the kindergarten employees are negligent in their work, the amount of the fine will be 100-200 monthly salaries.
• If, due to non-compliance by kindergarten employees, children have been greatly harmed, violators can be imprisoned for a period of 2 to 5 years.

Humidity in the apartment: the rate of water content for comfortable living conditions

The optimal level of air humidity is one of the components that provide comfortable climatic conditions for human habitation. Moreover, each of the rooms, depending on its purpose, has its own microclimate. Most often, people care about the temperature and quality of the air masses in the house, forgetting about this indicator.But it is the number of water (steam) molecules in the composition of air that affects the perception of temperature by the human body, the safety of the indoor environment and the condition of plants.

Humidifiers are household appliances for maintaining an optimal level of humidity.

Deviation from the norm is possible, both in the winter season and in the warm period. In both cases, a lack or excess of moisture leads to a deterioration in human health, the condition of plants and damage to furniture, finishes, etc.

What should be the humidity in the apartment (average figures for the main premises):

Room type	Humidity level, %
Canteen	40-60
Bathroom, kitchen	40-60
Library and work area	30-40
Bedroom	40-50
Children's	45-60

Rooms such as the kitchen, bathroom and lavatory will always have high levels of moisture, so the standard for these rooms is higher than for other rooms.

In a bathroom where there is direct contact with water, the humidity index is higher

What are the consequences of a deviation from the norm of humidity in an apartment: dry air

When the batteries turn on, the air in the rooms becomes dry. As a result, the residents irritate the mucous membrane of the throat and nasal cavity. Drying of hair and skin is observed. In case of violation of the norm humidity in the living room static electricity is generated, raising dust particles into the air. This process can be the basis for the spread of germs and dust mites.

Excessive dryness of the room entails many negative consequences:

• decrease in the elasticity of the skin, nails and hair - as a result of this, dermatitis, peeling, microcracks and premature wrinkles appear;
• drying of the mucous membrane of the eyes - redness, unpleasant itching and sensation of foreign bodies ("sand");
• blood thickens - because of this, the circulation of blood flow slows down, a person develops weakness, headaches. There is a decrease in efficiency, the heart is subjected to increased stress and wears out faster;
• the viscosity of intestinal and gastric juice increases - the work of the digestive system slows down significantly;

The fact that the air in the apartment is dry will be prompted by the tips of the leaves of plants that begin to dry out.

• dryness of the respiratory tract - as a result, local immunity is weakened, the likelihood of colds and infectious diseases increases;
• air quality decreases - a large amount of allergens are concentrated in the composition of air masses, which, at the norm of indoor air humidity, are bound by water particles.

What are the consequences of exceeding the norm of humidity in the room

An excess of water can also be dangerous for humans, so many people wonder what air humidity is considered normal in an apartment and how to keep climatic conditions within this indicator. The increased content of water vapor in the room becomes an excellent breeding ground for fungi, mold and harmful bacteria.

With high humidity in the room, mold and dampness appear

In such conditions, many problems arise:

1. The frequency and severity of respiratory diseases increase - diseases such as bronchitis, runny nose, allergies and asthma become chronic, difficult to treat.
2. The microclimate in the rooms becomes unacceptable for life - people feel damp or stuffy in the rooms.
3. The feeling of freshness is lost - the excretions of multiplying pathogenic organisms cause the appearance of unpleasant odors.
4. Increases the drying time of washed laundry.

An increased indicator of air humidity in the apartment is also harmful to the situation. Plants begin to rot, mold appears on the ceiling and walls, wooden surfaces undergo deformation changes. Books and other paper products change structure.

An excess of moisture leads to damage to furniture and finishing materials.

Effects of high and low humidity

An increase or decrease in the norm of humidity in a dwelling negatively affects human health. The human body is especially sensitive to weather changes during the off-season. Excessive dryness or dampness in the room will oppress the tenants, they will develop symptoms of fatigue, headaches often begin, and a predisposition to colds appears.

Dry air is a catalyst for the accumulation of static electricity, which, in turn, according to the laws of physics, causes dust particles to appear in the air. The dust content of the room leads to allergic problems, and the minimum percentage of water in the air harms not only the respiratory organs, but also affects the condition of the eyes, hair and skin of the residents. Negative effects can occur in people with a predisposition to cardiovascular disease.

High humidity also negatively affects human health. Air highly saturated with water vapor contributes to the formation of conditions for the formation of mold and fungus colonies.Fungus spores enter the lungs of residents, causing allergic reactions, severe poisoning, and often cause the initial stage of tuberculosis and rheumatism.

The fight against these manifestations, without reducing the humidity in the apartment, will be useless, so the repair is usually accompanied by a high-quality ventilation device or forced exhaust, which will remove strong humidity.

High humidity in combination with high air temperature in the room leads to an exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases and can cause a crisis.

Instruments for measuring temperature and humidity

To measure the temperature in any room of the apartment, you can use a conventional thermometer. It can be mechanical or electronic.

Such devices, in a bright colorful design, can be purchased at pharmacies, specialized stores, and children's departments. The thermometer is installed at a neutral distance from heating devices, batteries. Direct sunlight should not fall on it - this may affect the accuracy of the readings.

A room thermometer is not expensive and you can buy it even in a supermarket or pharmacy. Its use is absolutely safe. The red or blue liquid in his flask is ordinary alcohol, tinted for contrast. Even if such a thermometer flies off the wall and cracks, the alcohol will simply evaporate.

A hygrometer is used to measure humidity. This is a small compact device that subtly reacts to changes in humidity in the room. You can buy a hygrometer in a specialized measuring equipment store.

If this is not observed nearby, you can find an electronic clock in any store that shows not only time, but also temperature and humidity.

Of course, such functions in watches have some error, but it does not reach critical dimensions. In any case, with their help, you can track a significant deviation from the required parameters and take timely measures to correct them. The main thing in control is to notice the presence of problems in time.

Manufacturers of measuring instruments are sensitive to any changes in fashion and trends. Therefore, with 90% confidence, it can be argued that for any interior of a children's room there is a temperature and humidity meter that matches the style.

Improper balance of temperature and humidity in a room for children can affect their health. So, a decrease in the activity of the child, problems with concentration, insomnia, lethargy, apathy can be the first symptoms of an improper microclimate in the room.

Too dry air in the room leads to a decrease in immunity, peeling of the skin, the appearance of allergies and asthma.

Humidity problems provoke the development of ENT diseases. Very young children especially suffer from this. The most striking example is the adenoids. There is generally a vicious circle. Due to a weakened immune system, a child often gets sick with various acute respiratory viral infections, and the tonsils grow, further weakening the immune system

Low humidity provokes drying of the mucosa, skin and makes the child more vulnerable to infectious diseases.

Ways to normalize temperature and humidity

Correcting the imbalance of temperature and humidity is easiest with the help of household appliances. Children's doctors recommend using air conditioners to regulate the air temperature in apartments. Only they should not work on an ongoing basis, but in the mode of one-time inclusions.

In addition, air conditioners should be installed in adjacent or neighboring rooms with a nursery. This will ensure normal air circulation and minimize the risk of blowing out a hot child.

And to control the level of humidity, you can use humidifiers / dehumidifiers.

Since 2014, studies have been conducted in the West that talk about the dangers of these devices for human health. But strict adherence to the manufacturer's recommendations regarding the use and maintenance of climate equipment minimizes the risk of possible harm.

The first advice to parents of babies that can be heard from more experienced mothers, especially in winter, is to install dryers on or near batteries. This naturally increases the humidity in the apartment, but is not critical. Those. breathing becomes easier, and there is no feeling of dampness

There are other ways by which you can easily normalize the heat and humidity in the apartment:

• a wet towel on the heating radiator will increase the humidity;
• an open aquarium with fish in the nursery;
• frequent wet cleaning;
• frequent ventilation.

Compliance with these recommendations will help maintain an optimal microclimate in the room.

Regulatory indicators

Let's figure out what air humidity is considered normal in an apartment. It depends on the purpose of the premises and the time of year.

Humidity standards for housing:

• warm period - 30-60%, the maximum allowable - 65% (for certain regions with high humidity, this standard can be increased to 75%);
• cold period - 30-45%, the maximum allowable - 60%.

Relative air humidity is not standardized in auxiliary rooms - bathroom, toilet, corridor, pantry and others.

Standards for plants and interior items:

• for furniture and antiques - 40-60%;
• for equipment - 45-60%
• for books - 30-65%;
• for plants - tropical - 80-95%, subtropical - 75-80%, others - 40-70%.

What is the norm of relative humidity in the apartment where the child lives? Since the intensity of heat exchange processes is increased in young children, they are especially sensitive to non-compliance with microclimate parameters. The ideal air humidity in the children's room is 50-70%
. If the child is sick with ARVI or an infectious pathology, then this parameter should not be allowed to decrease by less than 60%.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

How to protect a child not only at school, but also at home from microclimate disturbances. Doctor Komarovsky's advice:

So, we examined the normative parameters of the humidity regime in educational institutions. Fortunately, most often they are observed impeccably, which contributes to the formation of a healthy educational process.

But, even if you think that the rights of students are being violated, now you know how to correct this fact in any case and keep them healthy, as well as ensure a comfortable pastime.

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