Split system for 2 rooms: how the equipment is arranged and works + the nuances of choosing such equipment

System characteristic

• floor;
• cassette;
• ceiling.

The presence of only 1 outdoor unit does not spoil the appearance of the building and is easier to maintain. This technique should be used to cool the air in several rooms or offices at once.

A multi split system for 2 rooms can cost more than a regular air conditioner. It requires additional parts built into the external unit to control the temperature and control the ventilation system.

Multi slit-systems are multi-compressor and single-compressor. Multi-compressor multi-split can be inverter and non-inverter. It is used when there are 2, sometimes 3, indoor units. They can be connected separately to the network.

To understand all the advantages and disadvantages, you need to pay attention to the type of room. You can buy either conventional multi-split systems for 2 rooms, or channel ones.


What is the difference between an air conditioner and a split system?

A two-module system is a type of air conditioner. Principle split system operation air conditioner is no different from a monoblock, but there are differences in design.

In the air conditioner, all elements can be located in one block (window, mobile types). Mobile units are equipped with a chassis with wheels, the equipment can be easily moved to the right place. The inconvenience is created by the maximum length of the heat-removal hoses facing the street. The most powerful monoblock can serve up to 35 sq.m.

Split system from English. split (split, split) implies the presence of two blocks, external and internal. They are interconnected by copper insulated tubes and electrical wiring. Communications are removed in boxes, a false ceiling gap. The remote unit of the split system is fixed on the facade of the house with the help of brackets. It contains the mechanisms that produce the greatest noise (up to 50 dB).

Internal blocks are:

• Ceiling - cassette, channel;
• Wall-ceiling - placed in small rooms with low ceilings;
• Floor-ceiling - installation allows you to get rid of direct air flows to a person.

For apartments, wall and channel structures are more suitable. For public buildings - cassette, channel, floor and ceiling.

Peculiarities

The need to install a multi-split arises in cases where the goal is to maintain comfortable climatic conditions in the entire apartment, and not in a single room. Of course, you can install 3 autonomous air conditioners, but if the neighbors or the user himself is against violating the exterior of the building, you will have to purchase a multi-split system. It will have only one outdoor unit, which, in addition to the facade of the house, is mounted on the roof, in the basement, in the utility room, in the public corridor, on the balcony and other suitable places.

When placing an outdoor unit, consider the noise it makes and the need to drain fluid. If you choose to install between indoor and outdoor space, it is better to give preference to the second one, since in conditions of good ventilation the system works better and lasts longer.

One last thing about installation

As a rule, installation work is carried out by craftsmen - refrigerators, who have special equipment - a vacuum pump, a manometric manifold and a perforator for drilling walls. But low-power models - “sevens”, “nines” - can be mounted independently by renting the listed tool.

Installation recommendations:

1. Place the outdoor module under the window for ease of maintenance, put the indoor module closer to the outer wall. It is better to keep within 3 meters.
2. Purchase copper tubing that matches the diameter of the service ports located on the side of the case.
3. To prevent the unit from vibrating or humming when the compressor is running, fix it securely to the wall bracket.
4. Carefully flare copper pipes - the tightness of the system and the performance of the “split” depend on this.
5. Do not place the outdoor unit on a glazed loggia or balcony.

We also advise you to carefully read the factory instructions for the air conditioner and familiarize yourself with our installation guide for a home air cooler.

Split system is

Split system - air conditioning, air conditioning system, consisting of two blocks: external (condensing unit) and internal (evaporative). The outdoor unit is mounted outside the air-conditioned room. The indoor unit is mounted inside the air-conditioned room or in the ventilation system of the building. The blocks are connected to each other by heat-insulated copper pipes.

A characteristic feature of a split system is the possibility of not only cooling the air, but also heating it. The compressor of the device may start moving the air masses in the opposite direction, in case of switching the operating mode.

Types of split systems

Split systems are available in different types.

• Wall models - more often installed in residential apartments and houses, as well as small office spaces.

• Duct air conditioners are used for cooling large apartments. The air flow is redirected simultaneously through several rooms (up to 5) using a system of tubes mounted in the ceiling space.

• The cassette type is designed for air conditioning in large halls and rooms. Installation of communications is carried out in the space between the ceiling and the suspended ceiling structure. Cooling is carried out simultaneously in 4 directions.

• Ceiling and floor air conditioners are suitable for spacious rooms where it is not technically possible to install other types of equipment.More often they are mounted in buildings with a large glazing area and in the presence of a large number of doors. The cold stream effectively cuts off warm masses penetrating from the street. In winter, the device is used to heat the room and create a thermal curtain from the side of large windows and doors.

• Column air conditioners are suitable for use in public places: museums, cinemas, hotels, etc. The main advantage is the rapid cooling of a large area. The main drawback is the size.

Criterias of choice

An idea of ​​​​how the device is arranged and its capabilities allows you to choose the most suitable climate unit. Which is better: air conditioning or split system?

Monoblock advantages:

• Easy installation;
• Unpretentiousness in use;
• Mobility;
• lower price.

Cons of operation:

• Low power - up to 4 kW;
• Bulky, unpresentable appearance;
• Less work efficiency;
• Noise during operation up to 50 dB;
• Condensation accumulates in the pan, it must be periodically removed.
• When the natural illumination of the room is reduced.

Such devices are ideal when you need to create comfortable conditions for two or three hot months in rooms with a small cubic capacity: in small apartments, in the country. The devices are easy to transport. To connect the device does not require special skills and time.

How the split system works (advantages):

• Moderately quiet operation (up to 30 dB);
• Power 7 kW and above;
• Energy efficiency, high efficiency;
• The presence of night mode, adjustment of the set temperature and humidity, remote control using the remote control;
• The ability to direct the air stream in the right direction;
• A wide range of two-module devices allows you to choose the right model.

The indoor unit looks aesthetically pleasing, fits well into any interior. The device can operate in various modes: cooling, heating, drying, enhanced cleaning, ionization.

The advantages of inverter-type climate control units look especially clear:

• Work without shutdown, there are no temperature drops;
• The power level is automatically adjusted;
• A small amount of starting currents ensures a long service life of the device, the ability to install in buildings with poor wiring.
• Saving energy consumption is 20-25%;
• Quiet operation allows you to install inverters in bedrooms, children's rooms.

Disadvantages of split systems:

• Installation of equipment should be carried out by a specialist, the cost of work can reach a third of the price of the unit;
• Require regular maintenance, sensitive to power surges;
• The cost is much higher.

Climatic units with two blocks are purchased for round-the-clock operation in the summer and during the off-season. Two-module systems are bought in apartments where allergy sufferers, often sick children, live.

The principle of operation of a split-system air conditioner allows you to set comfortable climatic conditions for living at any time of the year. The variety of functions satisfies any user requests.

What is the indoor unit made of?

Due to the uniqueness of the installation, the internal unit of the split system made it possible to replace the outdated bulky window air conditioner, which was built into the window opening, blocked from sunlight.The ceiling-mounted unit is also silent, which is very convenient in modern life. And it consists of a heat exchanger, a fan, mesh and other filters, a control board, some models are equipped with ionizers and cold plasma generators, and so on in increasing order, depending on the model, manufacturer and brand line.

Having figured out what a split system is and what are the differences from an air conditioner, the next step is how to choose the right model? How exactly to choose and what to pay attention to was described in expanded forms in other articles, but still there are several nuances that everyone always pays attention to, then they decided to take this step. First you need to decide on the type of model (wall-mounted, cassette, channel, etc.), the quadrature of the refrigerated room and design, calculate the number of heated equipment, the height and width of the windows, the direction of the world, you also need to choose a model whose country of origin pays due attention build quality

Before installing the air conditioner, it is important to carefully study the installation and further operation manual, the fact is that each manufacturer states its installation requirements in the passport - this is the height difference, the length of the route, installers do not always approach this process with due attention

It is important to decide on the package, what features are needed, and which ones will be a waste of money, if you just need to cool and heat the room, then it’s better to stop at the model of the simplest budget assembly

Filters as a marketing ploy

Any air conditioner has a filter through which air is passed for purification. The filter elements must be cleaned and washed periodically.Replacement may be required in extreme cases, usually one filter serves on a par with the air conditioner. Filter elements fall into two categories.

Coarse filters or pre-filters protect the air conditioner from dirt, dust and other foreign elements. Pre-filters are made in the form of a grid with small cells, which traps particles larger than 2 microns. They are made of metal and plastic, and also differ in the type of weaving of threads. The flat version is less effective than the voluminous one.

Fine filters trap particles whose size does not exceed 2 microns. With these filter elements, not everything is so simple. There are a huge number of them, which is constantly growing:

• adsorbing;
• coal;
• zeolite;
• plasma;
• electrostatic;
• ultraviolet;
• photocatalytic;
• antibacterial;
• antioxidant;
• with vitamin C.

Not all of them are really effective. Some do not differ at all, except for their high cost, from conventional fine filters. Manufacturers of air conditioners are actively earning money on this topic, throwing dust in the eyes of consumers. Usually it is the filters that are described most colorfully, and the really important characteristics are left aside.

Overview of the main models and manufacturers of split systems

When choosing climate equipment, special attention is paid to the manufacturer. Having decided to buy an inverter-type split system, you should definitely compare the characteristics of products manufactured under various trademarks

We offer you to get acquainted with the products of well-known manufacturers and their distinctive features.

Split systems Ballu

Climate equipment related to the budget class.It has a relatively short service life (average 7 years). The optimal ratio of cost and functionality makes the purchase profitable. For an apartment, you can purchase a Ballu BSW-07HN1/OL/15Y split system.

Ballu - an affordable solution, ample opportunities

Split systems Electrolux

Equipment related to the budget class. A family with any income level can purchase an Electrolux split system with suitable functionality. During operation, such equipment may create a little more noise than more expensive counterparts. Due to the relatively simple design, it is easy to figure out how to control the Electrolux split system.

Electrolux is a budget solution suitable for every family

Split systems Daikin

A company offering premium technology. All models are of high build quality and reliability. You can choose climatic equipment for installation in a residential building and industrial premises. Using the Intelligent Eye function, it is easy to create a microclimate inside the building.

Daikin split systems are presented in a large assortment. They are distinguished by ease of installation, subsequent maintenance and environmental friendliness. In modern models, a different refrigerant is used instead of freon.

Daikin - quality products from a Japanese manufacturer

Split systems Panasonic

A popular trademark under which reliable household appliances are produced in Malaysia. Reliable filters and highly efficient air purifiers are used to complete the offered climatic equipment. Due to the ease of management and ease of installation, Panasonic split systems are in steady consumer demand.

Panasonic - reliable equipment

Split systems Mitsubishi Electric

A popular manufacturer offering modern climate control equipment. The innovative approach allows us to guarantee the high energy efficiency of the products offered, the low level of generated noise and wide functionality, thanks to which it will be much easier to create comfortable conditions inside any room. Differ in an optimum ratio the price/quality.

Mitsubishi Electric - business class equipment

What criteria should be followed when choosing

The essence is clear, but what is needed watch when buying? First of all, we are interested in the operating parameters of the equipment.

1. System design - there are several types of air conditioners of different sizes, shapes and configurations. We will discuss them in detail in the next chapter.
2. Output power of equipment. Not to be confused with consumed, as this figure will not allow you to accurately navigate. We need to calculate the power of the air conditioner for the actual area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room in which it will work.
3. Functionality - immediately think about whether you need air heating in the cold season, whether you need ozonation, filtration, humidification, and so on.
4. Evaluate the energy efficiency of the device - the ratio of power consumption to cooling capacity.
5. An important role is played by the noise of the unit, especially if you buy it for the bedroom.
6. Type of system - you have to choose between a classic device and an inverter one. Let's talk about the differences further.
7. Well, what about without a rating of manufacturers - we want products from reputable companies.

Maintenance of household air conditioners

Air conditioners in the apartment, like any electrical appliances, need timely and proper maintenance. This consists in cleaning the filters of the device from dust and other contaminants. If you do not clean the air conditioner, it will not only work worse, but it will also release dirt particles accumulated inside into the air. This will adversely affect the microclimate in the room.

Another part of the service is to top up the air conditioner with freon. This volatile gas tends to evaporate and leak through leaks in the body and parts of the device. Therefore, it is recommended to fill split system with freon once every 1-2 years. To do this, you can use the services of masters, or do the refueling yourself, following the instructions on our website. With a lack of freon, there is a risk of freezing the internal parts of the air conditioner and reducing its power due to a compressor malfunction.

Popular manufacturers and worthy models

Recognized gurus in the production of cassette air conditioners are Daikin, Mitsubishi and General Fujitsu:

• AUYG18LVLB/AOYG18LALL from Fujitsu features improved turbofan blades, small size and low noise. Designed not only for residential buildings, but also for the office. A price tag is visible on a smooth surface (about 100 thousand rubles).
• Mitsubishi Heavy FDTC25VF is an inverter device with a built-in drain pump that raises condensate above the ceiling. A portable remote control is used to control a complex air conditioning system, there is an automatic restart function. The final cost is a little more than 90 thousand rubles.
• Daikin FCQN125 / RQ125 is a semi-industrial cassette-type air conditioner that features a stylish design of a decorative panel. In addition to the appearance, the model has excellent acoustic characteristics, 3 autoswing schemes are provided. The cost of an air conditioner ranges from 110 thousand rubles.

Among the budget manufacturers are popular: General Climate, Ballu and Midea.

The cassette air conditioner belongs to the semi-industrial type devices, is distinguished by an unusual layout and arrangement of functional blocks. The principle of operation and installation steps are identical to those of indoor air conditioning counterparts.

One outdoor unit

Models with one outdoor unit allow you to effectively cool different rooms in the absence of space for several outdoor parts of the system. The principle of operation is based on the fact that the outdoor unit has a high performance and can have several separate compressors. Each of them allows you to set your own settings in the rooms. There are models with one compressor. In this case, the temperature and mode will be the same everywhere. The advantage is that it is not always possible to place several blocks on the wall. Minus the complexity of communications and high cost.

The main types of household split systems

The design design largely determines the installation procedure and features of the operation of climate equipment. Before purchasing a suitable device, it is worth familiarizing yourself with the available options and the features of their installation. Some manufacturers recommend installing split systems in rooms of a certain square. Let's take a look at the most common types.

The system may include indoor units of various types

wall

The most popular type, which allows you to effectively deal with cold or heat. Mounted in residential buildings and office buildings. Wall-mounted split systems are of high build quality. They allow you to effectively remove heat and cold.

Wall models are popular

ducted

Mounting the indoor unit channel split system carried out in the interceiling space behind the false ceiling. For this, a distance of 30 ÷ 40 cm is provided. For the intake and supply of air into the room, special air ducts are provided, placed at arbitrary points. Thanks to a special design, the indoor unit of the device draws air from the room and from the street (up to 25%).

Channel models are able to fit into any interior

Ceiling

The ceiling model can be mounted in rectangular rooms and allows you to process a small amount of air. Due to their special design, these units direct the air flow along the ceiling or wall, ensuring an even distribution of conditioned air throughout the room.

Ceiling model does not have a lot of power

Multi split systems

The system may include several indoor units. Such devices are called multi-split systems. Their design allows you to connect several indoor units to one outdoor unit at once.

You can buy a multi-split system to create an optimal microclimate in several rooms of a residential building at once. Given that the number of external units is reduced, the aesthetics of the building does not suffer.

Each room has its own indoor unit.

floor standing

Climatic equipment is characterized by high performance. Allows installation directly on the walls of the room, depending on the desired direction of the air flow. They have a higher cost and power compared to wall-mounted counterparts. Differ in wide functionality.

Floor-standing devices do not impose strict requirements on the installation site

Cassette

The cassette model should be purchased for placing a large quadrature with a false ceiling. To accommodate the indoor unit of the system, an interceiling space with a height of at least 25 cm is provided. People in the room see only a decorative grille.

Cassette split devices are capable of adding up to 10% fresh air. Air is taken from the room through the central grille of the indoor unit. Having passed the necessary stages of cleaning, the air flow through the blinds is distributed in the given directions.

Cassette hiding behind a decorative grille

Columned

Split systems of column type are intended for rooms of the big area. They can be mounted in rooms without false ceilings. Due to the special design, column models create a fairly strong air flow, directed first towards the ceiling, and then evenly distributed over the volume of the room.

Column split systems are characterized by high power

Remote block

The outdoor unit has an outer housing with a filter, where structural elements are located. It is equipped with a protective cover that closes the terminals of the electrical cable connector, and in some types of devices also connection fittings.

The main element of the block is the compressor, which is the "heart" of the device.The air conditioner uses piston-type compressors, cheaper, but less reliable and scroll units. The device compresses freon, directs its movement along a closed circuit.

Fan - Provides airflow to cool the condenser. Cheap models have single-speed fans. The more expensive ones have 2-3 fixed speeds, or their smooth adjustment.

Four-way valve - installed in systems capable of working for cooling and heating. When the valve is switched, the functions of the heat exchanger and condenser change places, the direction of freon movement changes.

The condenser is a radiator consisting of copper tubes with aluminum baffles. Freon is cooled and condensed in the system, while the air is heated.

The control board is present only in inverter devices, cassette, channel type devices. In most models, the electronics is located in the evaporator housing.

Filter located on the suction side of the compressor. Designed to protect against small particles entering the closed system during installation.

Fittings - the connection points of the units.

The principle of operation of the equipment

What is the difference between such a split system, when compared with a conventional air conditioner? The peculiarity lies in the triple separation of the freon circuit.

The first part is located in the outdoor unit and consists of a compressor, flow dividers, condenser heat exchanger. The latter has 2 sections.

The compressor is forced to work constantly, even if one external unit is turned on, therefore, more reliable elements with a resource margin (+) are installed in such systems

The other two parts are located in the indoor units and consist of evaporators and capillary tubes. All participants in the scheme are connected to each other by freon lines.

The operation of this scheme is based on the property of liquids that can absorb heat during evaporation, but during condensation, on the contrary, release it. The agent in refrigeration systems is freon, which circulates in the circuit.

Heat is absorbed by the indoor units and sent to the outdoor due to the thermodynamics of the transfer of the agent from liquid to gas and vice versa.

Hot freon leaves the compressor under pressure and runs to the separator, where it splits to cool two rooms. Once in the evaporator, freon will have to make the transition to a gas state. Why does it take heat from the room air, which is blown by a fan.

Then the freon is sent to the condenser heat exchanger (also 2 sections), where it is cooled to a liquid state.

This is how the cooling process takes place. But the equipment is able to work for heating. In this case, the direction of movement of freon changes.

Principle of operation

Split - system, like any refrigeration machine, has a very high efficiency. For example, a chiller that consumes 1 kW of electrical power has a cooling capacity of approximately 3 kW. At the same time, no laws of conservation of energy are violated and the efficiency of the installation is not at all 300%, as you might think.

Freon acts as a working fluid, whose boiling point is almost 100 ºС lower than that of water.The trick is that for vaporization, any liquid must receive a large amount of thermal energy, its working fluid and takes away from the room air in the evaporator. In physics, this energy is called the specific heat of vaporization.

After entering the liquid phase, the refrigerant passes through the dryer to separate moisture and enters the expansion valve. Here, due to a sharp increase in the size of the channel (nozzle), the pressure decreases and the working fluid returns to the evaporator again for another portion of heat.

Of the electrical equipment that consumes significant power, the diagram shows two fans and a compressor, other sources of energy consumption are negligible. That is, the 1 kW of electricity given in the example is spent only on the rotation of the axes of the fans and the compressor, freon does the rest of the work.

All other functions - for automation systems. Upon reaching the set temperature in the room, the sensor sends a signal to the control unit, which stops the compressor and fans, the process stops. The air in the room has warmed up, and the sensor again initiates the start of the cooler, such cyclic operation goes on continuously. At the same time, inverter split systems, whose design is slightly different from conventional air conditioners, never stop the process. Such units are characterized by a smooth temperature change and a quiet operation of the compressor.

To switch the unit to the air heating mode, the direction of movement of the working fluid is switched, as a result of which the heat exchangers change functions, the outer one becomes an evaporator and takes heat from the environment, and the inner one acts as a condenser, transferring this energy to the room. To redistribute flows, a four-way valve was introduced into the circuit so that you do not have to be tricky with the compressor.

Conclusion
Split - system, like other refrigeration machines, is very economical due to the efficiency of its work. It is for this reason that they have gained wide popularity for creating comfortable conditions in buildings for various purposes.

Advantages

A good air conditioner is characterized by the following advantages:

• management and correction of a comfortable climate level in the apartment;
• humidity control function. Modern models have a function that allows you to control the humidity, or turn on a “dry operation level”, with which you can lower the humidity without the necessary cooling. These devices are just a salvation for houses that are located in damp places.
• no noise. Air masses are heated and cooled almost without noise, unlike fans and other devices.
• creating an "ideal climate" for various conditions. Small children, allergy sufferers, pets can be provided with a suitable environment. The device conducts effective air purification, removing pollen, mites, dust, various microorganisms, wool, dirt and other harmful substances.
• saving electricity. Heating the air, the air conditioner consumes less electricity by 70-80% than any other devices of this kind.
• design with style and simplicity.

Principle of operation

Air conditioners are very different, but they all work on the same principle. We have to get acquainted with its basics.

Heating is one of the basic functions of modern split systems. To increase the air temperature in the climate equipment, the direction of movement of the refrigerant is changed, which is ensured by the operation of the compressor. The solenoid controls the valve. During the heating process, the radiator on the outdoor unit is cooled, which leads to the active formation of condensate. If the split system is not installed on the front of the building, then you need to take care of the removal of condensate.

The heat pump mode is associated with an intensive decrease in the temperature of the condenser on the outdoor unit. This can cause freezing of the structure. This mode of operation is relevant in the autumn and spring seasons, when the temperature outside is above zero. If the temperature is below zero outside, then freon will not boil in the radiator, therefore, it will enter the compressor in liquid form.

In modern models with high-quality electronics, protection is installed that will not allow the use of equipment in heating mode at low temperatures outside.

Room cooling can be calculated for summer and winter periods. If everything is clear with the first option, then the second mode requires some clarification. Cooling in winter is required for rooms with intense heat dissipation. It can be server and hardware rooms. In this mode, the external unit of the air conditioner heats up, so it cannot freeze.

For cooling in winter, a fan control controller is required, which is responsible for turning off the constant fan mode and turning it on when the condenser warms up. The controller also regulates the processes of heating the drain pipe and the compressor crankcase before starting.