Water purification systems for a country house: filter classification + water purification methods

The best reverse osmosis filters for water purification

Reverse osmosis is the most advanced water purification system. It uses not only filter elements that rid the liquid of mechanical inclusions and dissolved impurities, but also a membrane that purifies water at the molecular level. The prepared liquid enters the tap, and the contaminants are drained into the sewer.

"Geyser" Allegro M - with a mineralizer

5,0

★★★★★
editorial score

96%
buyers recommend this product

See review

Six stages of purification and a built-in mineralizer make it possible to produce an environmentally friendly, drinkable liquid from a heavily contaminated liquid. In taste and composition, it will be similar to melt water from mountain peaks. At the same time, the water purifier has a two-valve faucet in the kit, which allows you to get purified water without mineralization, if necessary. Such a liquid is suitable for preparing dishes and drinks, as well as for pouring into irons, steamers and other equipment that is afraid of scale.

Advantages:

• 6 stages of cleaning;
• Volumetric storage tank for 12 l;
• Two-valve faucet;
• Mineralization of water;
• High filtration rate.

Flaws:

Not suitable for hot water.

Water purifier Allegro M from TM "Geyser" is suitable for home, apartment or large office.

"Aquaphor" Osmo 50-5-PN - an effective filter for washing

5.0

★★★★★
editorial score

89%
buyers recommend this product

See review

water purifier, operating on the principle of reverse osmosis, installed under the sink. It performs ultra-fine water purification, fights against unpleasant odors and turbidity, eliminates bacteria, viruses and softens the liquid. The kit, in addition to the OO filter itself, includes a 10-liter tank and a tap for drinking water. Combined with a high filtration rate, this makes the unit suitable for frequent use.

Advantages:

• High filtration rate;
• 10 l tank and faucet included;
• 5 stages of cleaning;
• Elimination of contaminants up to 0.0005 microns in size;
• Improving the taste and increasing the transparency of water.

Flaws:

Mineralization is not provided.

The Osmo 50-5-PN filter from Aquaphor is suitable for home or office with hard water and a high content of mechanical impurities.

Atoll A-450 STD - compact home system

4.8

★★★★★
editorial score

83%
buyers recommend this product

See review

The presented model is the smallest in the Atoll line of reverse osmosis units, which means that it can be used even in confined spaces. The presence of an elongated drainage tube allows you to drain water with impurities into a separate container, so that later it can be used for household purposes. The built-in mineralizer saturates the water with useful trace elements and oxygen, making it suitable for drinking raw.

Advantages:

• Compact dimensions;
• mineralizer;
• Long drain tube;
• Accumulative tank for 12 l;
• Resistance of elements to corrosion;
• Affordable price.

Flaws:

Low filtration rate.

Atoll A-450 is a budget water purifier model that is suitable for a family of 2-3 people.

Specifications Xiaomi Viomi Filter Kettle L1 Ecotronic C 6-1 FE BARRIER Grand NEO

Home water treatment scheme

For manufacturing you will need:

• Two containers made of food grade materials.
• Cranes.
• One or two compressors with atomizers.
• Two float valves.

The system consists of two stages.

For better aeration, water is supplied through watering can dividers or shower heads. Compressors produce oxygen saturation.

At the bottom of the tanks there are taps for draining the sediment. The selection of water in both containers is made from the lower third.

The old-fashioned ways of cleansing are boiling, freezing, which allows you to get rid of iron, lime components and bacteria. The performance and energy consumption of the method do not allow using them in everyday life.

Water purification systems for an apartment

The most effective stationary water purification systems for an apartment.The liquid in them can go through three degrees of purification at once: biological, mechanical, chemical. The equipment is 1, 2, 3 and even 4-stage.

Simple Systems

Single-stage designs are considered universal, since this equipment consists of only one module, which has a multilayer structure. However, its effectiveness is still in question: a priori, such a station wagon will not be able to cope with water purification, the quality and composition of which is very different even in areas that are close: for example, in the same region.

Multi-stage equipment

These filters have a housing consisting of several flasks, each of which contains its own special filter material designed to purify the liquid from a specific type of contamination. The containers are connected by overflows. Water, passing through the filter system, is gradually cleared of all harmful impurities. The advantage of the device is the ability to select a “company” of filters for a specific liquid that has been analyzed. This makes it possible to obtain a perfect cleaning.

The disadvantages include the need for free space for installation, installation complexity, low cleaning speed, high price of systems and consumables. If we talk about reverse osmosis, then a fairly large amount of water goes into the "scrap". To get a liter of clean drinking liquid, the owners will have to "sacrifice" 3-5 liters, which turn into "waste" that flows into the sewer.

Types of water treatment systems

Devices designed for apartments are ion-exchange, membrane and sorption. These types have a different degree of efficiency, principle of operation and price.Often, when choosing, the only factor that becomes the most important is the area occupied by the device. If in private cottages this issue is not acute, then in apartment buildings more often every centimeter counts.

If the space occupied does not matter, then you can purchase any of the systems. Ion exchange plants are not in great demand due to their insufficient environmental friendliness. The popularity of membrane devices, on the contrary, is growing year by year. However, sorption filter jugs, which are equipped with replaceable cassette modules (cartridges), are still the most popular.

How to clean

This can be solved only after a complete laboratory analysis, during which the following are determined:

• organoleptic indicators;
• indicators of chemical composition;
• microbiological hazard.

Based on the results obtained, a decision is made on the composition of the equipment and the principles of its operation:

1. The mechanical method involves the presence of filters for coarse and fine filtration, which retain sand, silt, and clay.
2. Catalytic cleaning after pre-oxidation washes out the precipitated impurities from the surface of the backfill.
3. Carbon sorbents with deep filtration eliminate taste and odor.
4. Electrochemical dissolution breaks down dirt into components that are removed by filtration.
5. Bacteria and viruses are removed with harsh chemicals or ultraviolet radiation.

Tips

We will give various tips on the use of the water treatment system and its maintenance. For example, there is no need to treat all the water that enters the house.For what purpose do you need clean water, say, in the toilet tank? The same can be said about the water we use for washing and laundry. That is, in fact, we need clean water only in order to drink it and cook food. It is for this reason that water purification systems are best installed only in the kitchen. Well, in other places, if somewhere you still need clean water. To use such a system, a small separate tap is provided.

And also, before choosing treatment plants, one should not neglect to make an extended water analysis in the nearest sanitary laboratory. This will make it possible to identify the most characteristic indicators where there are problems. And besides, this will allow you to accurately select one or another type of filter installation so that the cleaning system is as efficient as possible. If we are talking about the need to install some kind of serious integrated cleaning system, then this process will not be superfluous to entrust to professionals who already have experience in installing such systems.

The same applies to commissioning - they should be carried out exclusively by professionals, so that if problems arise, they can quickly eliminate them. Another tip - do not neglect the stage of rough water purification. Its use will make it possible to filter out the largest pollutants and significantly extend the life of special filter units that will be installed after this type of filter.

In general, as you can see, you can choose a system for water purification in a country house according to a number of criteria. They will be decisive in this process, and in no case should they be neglected.Only strict compliance with the requirements in this matter will make it possible to install a truly effective and high-quality water treatment system, regardless of whether the source of water is a well or a well.

As for the installation, it must be said that the installation of such a system is a rather difficult and troublesome business. The point is not even the use of high-tech filters and devices, but the fact that the system is done correctly, and it gives the desired result. If you decide to install some kind of small cleaning filter yourself, then doing this is absolutely not a problem.

But if we are talking about some kind of serious and complex cleaning system, then it would probably be best to turn to specialists who already have experience in installing such systems. Especially when it comes to the fact that you have never encountered such systems before. Or, at least, if you still decide to install such a system yourself, then it will not be superfluous either to consult with a specialist or to carry out installation at least in his presence, so that if problems arise, they can be eliminated promptly.

See below for details.

Tips for Choosing a Filtration System

If you are going to purchase treatment systems in Moscow, it is important to provide for them free space in the room. If you choose a professional complex, you will have to allocate a special heated building

Experts do not recommend placing furniture or other products near the equipment that can violate the safety of the structure. Plastic is used to create the outer flasks, so they need to be isolated from high temperature exposure.

Multi-stage processing can only be used for drinking liquid in the kitchen, where it is important to obtain a clean and safe liquid. Coarse filters can be placed at the entrance to the centralized system, which fight solid and difficult impurities

At the entrance to the centralized system, coarse filters can be placed that fight solid and difficult impurities.

It is not necessary to choose the best setup with 4-5 flasks. Such a station needs to be equipped with additional units, which entails large financial costs.

It is better to make a deep analysis of water in the laboratory and get acquainted with all the information that is needed for the right choice.

If, as a result of the study, it was proved that the liquid is soft, you will not need to purchase a softener. An over-processed liquid becomes unsafe to drink.

When determining a large amount of ferrous compounds and salts, the station is equipped with treatment units to remove such impurities.

You can fight glandular components with the following devices:

1. Softeners with backfills and salt recovery tank.
2. Disinfectants that contain manganese dioxide.
3. Reverse osmosis modules working at the molecular level.
4. Coconut shell charcoal devices, which are characterized by adsorbing properties.
5. Magnetic devices that have a magnetic effect on heavy salts and contribute to their precipitation in an insoluble precipitate.
6. UV treatment and ozonation can only get rid of bacterial iron. The rust problem cannot be fixed.

Advanced systems are equipped with separate filter elements for cold and hot fluid. In the first case, dangerous impurities are removed from the composition, which worsen human health and adversely affect the state of household appliances. In the second, the scale content is reduced and the decomposition products are eliminated.

Types of filters for water purification

In a country house or apartment, water treatment can be carried out using various filters that can be classified according to several criteria, but first you should consider that all filters are divided into two large groups:

• accumulative;
• flowing.

In addition, they are classified according to:

• cleaning technologies: mechanical, ion-exchange, aeration, reagent, reverse osmosis, etc.;
• the degree of purification, which can be high, medium or minimal;
• design features: filters are cartridge, filling type and others;
• installation site.

Accumulative water purifiers are represented by filter jugs and dispensers. The former are a device consisting of a water tank and a cartridge installed in it, which can be universal or have a special purpose, for example, equipped with a water softening or iron removal function.

Fundamentally, dispensers differ from filter jugs in size and in the presence of two chambers: the first is designed for pouring water, and the second liquid enters after passing through a special filter system. For convenience, they can be supplied with drain taps.

Flow-through cleaning plants are very diverse and are presented:

• one- or two-stage faucet nozzles, the main function of which is to remove iron and neutralize chlorine in water. They are most in demand in city apartments with centralized water supply;
• filters installed "under the sink". They are highly efficient and are often used not only in city apartments, but also in summer cottages. The purification technology used in these installations can be very different, but reverse osmosis devices are most in demand;
• main filters - the most common type of cleaning devices, the installation site is most often the supply pipe, but they can also be mounted individually - to serve one draw-off point. They differ in a wide variety of products both in appearance and in the principle of operation and degree of purification.

Main water filters: operating features and benefits

This type of water filter is actually an indispensable element of the plumbing system of an apartment or a private house, and the supply pipe serves as the main place for their installation. Most often they are installed in order to remove mechanical impurities in water (sand, clay), but they can also serve as an effective filter for iron compounds and other chemical elements.

When choosing such devices, in addition to their principle of operation, one should also take into account their throughput, which should correspond to the water consumption in the house.

Main filters can provide:

• rough water purification by removing insoluble mechanical particles from it, the ingress of which into plumbing fixtures significantly reduces their operational life;
• fine cleaning is provided by devices that use sodium polyphosphate for their work.The use of such filters is only allowed in tandem, for example, with a washing machine. They soften water, which, at the same time, becomes undrinkable, but is able to protect the working elements of household appliances from scale.

The universal in-line water filter of the main type is a device with a granular load, for which special reagents are used. Such a device is able to effectively purify water, removing from it not only mechanical impurities, but also various salts, chemical compounds and chlorine.

Thus, the use of main filters provides:

• the best taste and chemical characteristics of water;

• contributes to an increase in the operational resource of household appliances.

The undeniable advantages of this type of filters are their affordable price and ease of maintenance.

In addition, a large selection allows you to choose a device based on the chemical composition of water, and you should also pay attention to the fact that in addition to installation on a cold water supply pipe, they can also be used for hot water supply: for this you need to purchase a filter that has the appropriate marking

Types of main filters: features of work and operation

A cartridge or a special mesh can be used as a filter element. Often in replaceable cartridge elements, a carbon water filter is used, which perfectly absorbs chemical and mechanical impurities. This option allows for fine cleaning, including hot water.

Mesh filters are represented by three types of brass products (according to the type of mesh): wire, fibrous and powder.They are capable of retaining exceptionally large insoluble particles and are only effective with regular maintenance.

Especially popular are main filters of self-cleaning type, cleaning of filters from contaminants, in which it takes place automatically.

These devices also include filters:

• equipped with ion-exchange cartridges, guaranteeing a high degree of purification and water softening;
• magnetic filters, the principle of operation of which is based on the ability of rare earth elements to improve the composition of water by attracting iron compounds, various salts, etc.;
• for water treatment, you can also use reverse osmosis main filters, the principle of operation of which is based on the use of membrane-type cartridges that can only pass water molecules. But it is worth considering the peculiarity of using such filters, which require a storage tank for pollution and connection to the sewer, into which what was not passed by the membrane, that is, insoluble particles, salts and other chemical compounds, is discharged.

When choosing filters of the main type, you can pay attention to products of the Fibos trademark, which can work without changing cartridges for 10 years or more, depending on the volume of water consumption and the initial water quality. Their feature is the presence of an external flask, in which all impurities accumulate, while the filter element itself remains clean.

Their feature is the presence of an external flask, in which all impurities accumulate, while the filter element itself remains clean.

Operation and maintenance of plants

When using water treatment equipment, strictly follow the operating instructions.

Main activities:

• Replacement of filters, cartridges.
• Discharge of polluted water after a long downtime of the equipment.
• Flushing the system after the expiration of the recommended period or after cleaning the volume of water specified by the instruction.
• Compliance with the recommended operating modes - instant and long-term flow, pressure in the pipes.
• Preservation for the winter period or during breaks.

The right choice in accordance with the tasks, timely maintenance ensure comfortable living in country houses, without feeling a shortage of drinking water.

Filtration will preserve and preserve the appearance of plumbing fixtures. Installation and configuration of equipment by specialized organizations will provide a guarantee and maintenance.

Types of filters for the treatment system

Water entering the tap from a centralized water supply system, an individual well or a well may have natural and man-made pollution.

Not even the most powerful filter can simultaneously remove all types of harmful substances.

Not only drinking water needs high-quality filtration, but also the liquid used to operate the equipment available in the house. If this moment is ignored, the main components of the washing machine, dishwasher, electric kettle and other household appliances will become clogged, covered with rust and will not be able to function normally.

The following types of filters are required:

1. Coarse cleaning - looks like a grid with cells. It is placed first and removes large fragments of mechanical and fibrous insoluble impurities from the incoming water stream.
2. Fine cleaning - consists of a fine-mesh membrane, sorbent backfill and polymer filler. It is mounted second and is responsible for the elimination of petroleum products, nitrates and nitrites, heavy metals and other chemical elements that can harm human health.
3. Softener - contains an ion exchange resin. Promotes the replacement of magnesium and calcium particles with sodium ions. A reverse osmosis filter does the same job. Water in this case passes through several thin membranes, is purified from all impurities and contains only useful oxygen molecules at the exit.
4. Disinfection barrier - provides for the treatment of water flow with UV rays that are safe for human health. Effectively destroys harmful bacteria and microorganisms, does not change the structure of the liquid, retains the beneficial properties and natural taste of water.

Purification, organized according to a multi-stage complex principle, provides deep processing of water masses and completely removes all common contaminants.

The home communication system receives high-quality, clean water, suitable for any household needs and absolutely safe for the health of children and adults.

It is advisable to buy replacement filters in specialized stores where storage conditions are strictly observed. Blocks that have survived sudden temperature changes, aggressive heat or severe frosts partially lose their working qualities and cannot guarantee one hundred percent processing efficiency.

Recommendations for the selection, installation and connection of coarse and fine filters are presented in this article.

Peculiarities

The current water purification in water pipes follows the same type of scheme, it consists of several stages.

First you need to put a mechanical filter - here it is optimal to use the main options, which are equipped with replaceable polypropylene cartridges. Such purifiers effectively trap iron, sand, and other suspensions, which not only improves water quality, but also prevents rust. The main devices are cut directly into the water supply, this allows you to completely clean running water by 100%.

At the next stage, hot and cold water is purified from impurities of chlorine and metals, for this they also use main water filters with carbon cartridges, and the result of using the cleaning system is immediately noticeable to the naked eye - after passing through it, the water acquires a bluish tint, and the unpleasant smell of chlorine also disappears .

At the third stage, hardness salts (calcium and magnesium) are removed, which contribute to the formation of scale and plaque on the inside of the pipeline and other plumbing elements in the apartment. The filters that are used for this contain special softeners.

Well, at the finishing stage, a filter is used, which is installed directly on the sink - it is used to obtain high-quality drinking water.

The most stringent requirements are imposed on modern water purification systems - it must be efficient, environmentally friendly, ergonomic and reliable.It usually includes filters, as well as hoses and containers for supplying clean water, but at the same time it has minimal dimensions - the most popular options are compact models that can be easily placed under the sink.

Of course, a private house or cottage has a great advantage over apartments when it comes to creating a water purification system, since a separate room or isolated space can be allocated for it, in an apartment the space is limited in size and layout. Therefore, all elements of the cleaning system are constantly in contact with residents.

But it should also be borne in mind that apartment buildings are fed from a common central water supply, so there is no need for preliminary purification, since water enters the houses already purified from mechanical impurities, pathogens and dangerous compounds. The main purpose of filters in apartments is the removal of calcium, magnesium salts, as well as excess chlorine.

Often, water purification systems in apartments contain non-standard methods of water preparation: a magnetic field, ultrasound, and the like. However, most urban residents prefer the standard approach to water treatment, which over the years of use has proven itself to be reliable and fully compliant with current norms and standards.