Septic tanks "Chistok": device, principle of operation, overview of popular modifications

Characteristics and types

Flexible hose for plumbing is a hose of different lengths, made of non-toxic synthetic rubber. Due to the elasticity and softness of the material, it easily takes the desired position and allows installation in hard-to-reach places. To protect the flexible hose, the upper reinforcing layer is designed in the form of a braid, which is made of the following materials:

• aluminum. Such models withstand no more than +80 ° C and retain functionality for 3 years. In high humidity, aluminum braid is prone to rust.
• Of stainless steel.Thanks to this reinforcing layer, the service life of the flexible water supply is at least 10 years, and the maximum temperature of the transported medium is +95 °C.
• Nylon. Such a braid is used for the manufacture of reinforced models that can withstand temperatures up to +110 ° C and are designed for intensive use for 15 years.

Nut-nut and nut-nipple pairs are used as fasteners, which are made of brass or stainless steel. Devices with different indicators of permissible temperature differ in the color of the braid. The blue ones are used for cold water connections, and the red ones for hot water.

When choosing a water supply, you need to pay attention to its elasticity, reliability of fasteners and purpose. It is also mandatory to have a certificate that excludes the release of toxic components by rubber during operation.

The device and principle of operation of the septic tank

The design of the device is not much different from analogues of other brands: these are monolithic thick-walled plastic tanks, divided into 2-3 chambers, each of which performs a specific function.

Depending on the performance, the installation may consist of one, two or even three tanks connected in series.

The main active "weapon" are anaerobic bacteria that develop in the complete absence of oxygen, that is, in sealed tanks. In different quantities they are in both chambers: in the first, where primary fermentation and settling takes place, and in the second, which is a biofilter. Filtration is provided by loading from synthetic fabric "Algae" and polymeric fibers of the "Ruff" type.

Sewage flows go through several stages of processing, as a result of which they are cleaned by 90-95%. First, they enter the sump, where mechanical separation and partial fermentation of the waste takes place. Solid elements fall to the bottom and form a sediment, fatty masses float to the surface and turn into a crust. The main part is made up of "gray" waters, which have not yet got rid of suspensions and flow into the next chamber.

Inside the second chamber, the water comes under the influence of microflora, which increases the rate of fermentation. Bacteria produce the final cleaning for the septic tank, suspensions remain at the bottom and filters.

Further, the liquid enters the filtering well, trench or field for further treatment, where oxygen is present and aerobic microorganisms come into play. In this way, work of the septic tank Chistok built on the same principles as the use of similar anaerobic-type plants.

Varieties

Septic tanks of the Chistok brand are produced in different designs, they differ from each other in performance, shape, number and volume of chambers. The number behind the model name corresponds to the installation volume. The choice of model depends on the number of plumbing installed in the house and the number of residents. The greater the flow of water, the more productive the septic tank should be:

The "youngest" model in the series is the ball-shaped Chistok 1100. This model has a total volume of 1100 liters, it can serve a house with 2-3 residents, its daily output is 350 liters;

• If 3-4 people live in the house, then you should choose a Chistok 2000 septic tank, which can process up to 700 liters per day. It has a body in the form of a parallelepiped and contains 2 cubic meters of liquid;
• If it is necessary to process up to 850 liters of waste per day, the Chistok 2500 model is required. This model has a capacity of 2.5 cubic meters, it is able to provide service for a house with 4-5 people.

The last single-chamber model in the series is the Chistok 3000 septic tank, it can handle 1000 liters of wastewater per day and can be recommended for installation in a house with 5-6 people.

Device and principle of operation

Today it is customary to call a septic tank any structure designed to purify domestic wastewater from organic impurities and mechanical impurities. There are many such systems, they all have their own names, differ from each other by the principle of operation and performance indicators. Strict ranking also complicates an integrated approach to the issues of clarification of sewage, since only it gives a satisfactory quality of water at the outlet.

Water in all devices goes through standard purification stages:

1. Settling - preliminary filtration, in which heavy impurities settle and accumulate at the bottom of the receiving tank.
2. Fermentation - partial decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic bacteria occurs in the same or in the next chamber of the septic tank, where the effluents are separated into sludge and clarified water with the release of gases.
3. Deep biological treatment - absorption and decomposition of organic compounds by aerobic microorganisms with a constant supply of oxygen (this stage may be absent).
4. Mechanical filtration - the passage of effluents through the drainage layers.

The movement of water from one tank to another occurs through overflow pipes, gases are removed by fan ventilation, and sludge is removed approximately once a year through the upper hatches of the tanks.Regardless of the complexity and configuration of wastewater treatment systems, the principle of their operation is preserved.

How is it different from a cesspool. Advantages and disadvantages

The cesspool is an anachronism, the existence of which is justified only by primitiveness and cheapness. If its walls and bottom are not made airtight, the harmful substances that you remove from the house will remain on the site. The pit is gradually filled with waste and regularly pumped out by vacuum trucks.

Septic tanks also need periodic cleaning, but not more than once a year. Unlike a pit, they do not accumulate waste, but partially process it and remove it.

A brief list of the advantages of active septic tanks is as follows:

• Biosecurity at the site - prevention of pollution of groundwater and fertile soil layers.
• No specific odor.
• Reducing the number of regular cleanings as most of the effluent is recycled.

The disadvantage of a closed septic tank is the sensitivity of the colony of bacteria living in it to cleaning products used in everyday life. Chlorine and formaldehyde compounds, when released into the container, cause the death of microorganisms, and natural biological treatment is suspended.

Advantages and disadvantages of the installation

Septic Shar has a number of advantages on the market that distinguish it from other treatment plants:

1. Full tightness of the structure, which is ensured by rotoforming.
2. The device has a round shape and additional stiffening ribs, which prevents pressure drops and cracking.
3. The design is not affected by temperature changes and other external factors, such as ground pressure, uneven flow of effluents.
4. Complete resistance to corrosion, as the device is made of polypropylene.
5. Ease of construction and installation.
6. Light weight, the unit can be moved and carried without the help of specialized equipment.
7. Full autonomy and energy independence.
8. Economic price.
9. No unpleasant odors.

As for the disadvantages, the system cleans wastewater by only 65%, so additional installation of post-treatment filters is necessary. You will have to install a filter well, a filtration field, a drainage system or a drainage tunnel so that the effluents are diverted and additional clarification takes place at this time. You will also need to choose the correct sizes of sewer wells.

Do-it-yourself device and installation of a septic tank in a private house

Any private house needs sewerage, but, unfortunately, it is not always possible to connect to a common city sewer system.

In this case, it is necessary to arrange an alternative option - an autonomous structure.

Such an engineering structure, which is equipped with a special unit for treating wastewater coming from the house, is called a septic tank. Thanks to such a device, complete environmental safety and compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements for the operation of housing are guaranteed.

Types of septic tanks for a country house and their device

There are several types of septic tanks for a private house. It is worth considering the device of some of them to decide which one is right for your home.

The cumulative type of septic tank is a completely sealed container, which is installed in a prepared pit and connected to a sewer pipe coming from the house or from other outbuildings. Everything that gets into such a container is completely isolated from the external environment.

Sealed septic tanks have a ventilation pipe and a well through which the contents are pumped out of the pit as it is filled with the help of sewage trucks.

The best solution would be to build a septic tank, which consists of several chambers. In the diagram above, you can see an example of a septic tank in a private house. Such autonomous systems can also be purchased ready-made, they are made of fiberglass.

The first chamber receives all waste from the sewer pipe, where they are cleaned with the help of special preparations and bioenzymes. This contributes to the acceleration of the decomposition of organic substances, thereby increasing the quality of water treatment.

Norms and rules for installing a structure

The arrangement of a septic tank in a private house has certain rules and regulations. They are established for safety purposes both for the residents of the house and for the environment, so you should strictly observe them.

What should be the distance from the septic tank to the house? The norms prescribed in SNiP 2.04.03-85 include the value of the distance to the location of this object:

from the well with drinking water, the septic tank should be no closer than 20 meters;

When arranging a septic tank, it is worth carefully studying the regulatory documents so that later you do not have trouble with the controlling sanitary and epidemiological organization.

The following points can be attributed to the rules for the device of a septic tank:

How many people will live in the house

This setting affects performance. To determine it, you need to multiply the number of inhabitants by 200 liters, because that is how many drains per day, according to the standard, form one person.

Model	1 ball	2 balls	3 balls
Volume, l	1100	2200	3300
Height	1850	1850	1850
Diameter	1400	1400	1400
Performance (m3/day)	0,35	0,7	1,05
Qty users	2	4	6
Price	18 900	32 900	49 900

Model of the septic tank Chistok	Performance (m.cub./day)	price, rub.
Septic Cleaning 1800	0,65	33490
Septic Cleaning 2000	0,70	34280
Septic Cleaning 2500	0,85	36840
Septic tank Chistok 2500N	0,85	40440
Septic Cleaning 3000	1	45400
Septic Cleaning 4000	1,3	51740
Septic Cleaning 5000	1,7	62040
Septic Cleaning 6000	2	65200
Septic Cleaning 7000	2,5	73120
Septic tank Chistok 9000	3	86160

Wastewater stays in the treatment plant for about three days. Therefore, productivity must be tripled in order to obtain the required volume of the station. It is also necessary to take into account the possibility of the arrival of guests, as well as decide whether the house will have such sanitary equipment as a bathtub, dishwasher and washing machine.

Model	Volume	price, rub.
Aquatech VOC 5 M	3000 l	77 582
Aquatech VOC 5	4500 l	95 944
Aquatech VOC 8	4500 l	113 738
Aquatech VOC 8A	4500 l	134 736
Aquatech VOC 15	4500 l	154 194
Extension neck ring H=300mm D=550mm	—	2 010
Bioactivators "Biosept", 600 g (24 bags of 25 g each)	—	1240

The number of residents affects the type of building chosen and the design features.

Unilos Astra

If it is planned to live in a house with a small family only in the summer, then the drive will be enough. To service a year-round home, you should choose a cleaning station.

The number of users determines the number of soil-filtered septic tanks. So, for a house in which 3 people will live, a single-chamber septic tank is enough. If more than 1 but less than 10 m3 of wastewater is generated per day, it is recommended to install a device from two tanks.

Septic tank

Aeration stations do best with large volumes.

VOC Bioxi

Characteristic qualities of the Chistok installations

The quality of the work of the treatment plant is judged both by the manufacturer's warranty obligations and by user reviews. Consider the estimates of both sides.

The manufacturer highlights the following advantages of the treatment plant:

structural strength - containers are made of polyethylene, and thick walls are formed in a seamless way, which guarantees tightness and resistance to external influences;

ergonomics - the device of the septic tank is made according to the principle of "compactness + maximum functionality + ease of maintenance";

reliability - resistance to volumetric salvo emissions;

the quality of liquid purification by a biofilter - two types of filter material ("Algae" and "Ruff"), as well as an increased volume of loading increase the efficiency of purification;

durability - the warranty period of operation is 50 years.

Users quickly appreciated such a plus as the lack of volatility.

With the anaerobic cleaning principle, equipment that requires power supply (for example, a compressor) is not installed, therefore, the device will always work, even during power outages. An important plus is the low cost of a completely ready-to-work facility.

Installation of LOU also deserved a lot of positive feedback. Relatively light tanks that do not require long and complex preparation can be installed by yourself or with the help of professionals. Installation warranty - 3 years

The disadvantages include the need for regular pumping. The frequency depends on the rate of contamination. After each pumping, the vacated space should be filled with water.

Also considered a disadvantage is the need to install an additional treatment device - a filtration well or infiltrator, but this item applies to most types of VOCs.

Device and principle of operation

The design of the device is not much different from analogues of other brands: these are monolithic thick-walled plastic tanks, divided into 2-3 chambers, each of which performs a specific function.

Depending on the performance, the installation may consist of one, two or even three tanks connected in series.

Appearance of the septic tank Chistok 2500. Technical characteristics of the model: tank volume - 2500 l, weight - 160 kg, productivity - 0.85 m³ / day. Designed to serve a permanent home for a family of 4-5 people

The main active "weapon" are anaerobic bacteria that develop in the complete absence of oxygen, that is, in sealed tanks.

In different quantities they are in both chambers: in the first, where primary fermentation and settling takes place, and in the second, which is a biofilter. Filtration is provided by loading from synthetic fabric "Algae" and polymeric fibers of the "Ruff" type.

Sewage flows go through several stages of processing, as a result of which they are cleaned by 90-95%. First, they enter the sump, where mechanical separation and partial fermentation of the waste takes place.

Solid elements fall to the bottom and form a sediment, fatty masses float to the surface and turn into a crust. The main part is made up of "gray" waters, which have not yet got rid of suspensions and flow into the next chamber.

Scheme of the device of the septic tank Chistok. The sealed tank is divided into two chambers: a sump and a biofilter. For maintenance of the chambers, two technical hatches are provided, located in the upper part of the structure (+)

Inside the second chamber, the water comes under the influence of microflora, which increases the rate of fermentation. Bacteria produce the final cleaning for the septic tank, suspensions remain at the bottom and filters.

Further, the liquid enters the filtering well, trench or field for further treatment, where oxygen is present and aerobic microorganisms come into play. Thus, the operation of the Chistok septic tank is built on the same principles as the use of similar anaerobic-type installations.

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Septic tanks with the Chistok logo are sealed storage tanks designed to collect wastewater and process it with anaerobic bacteria.

The Chistok septic tank series is based on French products from Sotralentz, but adapted to local operating conditions.

The storage tanks of Chistok are an excellent choice for arranging suburban areas, attracting with reliability and affordable price

A series of storage and treatment plants is designed for temporary use, typical for seasonal living in summer cottages

If it is necessary to increase the volume of wastewater settled in the septic tank, storage tanks can be combined according to a modular principle

Gray sewage processed in the Chistok septic tank can be discharged into the ground through post-treatment systems: absorbing wells, fields and filtration ditches

Installation of storage septic tanks can be carried out in any soil, regardless of its structure and density.They are also suitable for areas with high GWL.

If it is not possible to dispose of wastewater through post-treatment systems or streams of sulfur and fecal branches are discharged into the tank, then as the tank is filled, pumping is carried out by sewers

Cleansing - storage type septic tank

An analogue of the French septic tank brand Sotralentz

Storage for summer cottages

Small sewage treatment plant

Modular system assembly principle

Laying sewer from septic tank to unloading

Installation of a sewage treatment plant in a pit

Pumping out wastewater from the storage tank

Operating principle

Septic Cleaning cleans wastewater, working on the principle of filtration and decomposition of organic residues with the help of microorganisms without air access. The tanks are divided into a couple of sections, between which there are membranes with holes and biofilters.

Wastewater entering the first section is settled. As a result, pollutants are separated into hard and light fractions. So that they do not mix, the pressure of the supplied effluents is smoothed out by the tee available on the inlet pipe. The sediment and the floating crust remain in the first tank, and the clarified water flows through the holes in the membrane into the next compartment. Also, in the first section, anaerobic bacteria begin to work, which decompose organic residues into simpler components.

In the second chamber, the upcoming settling of effluents takes place. After that, the water passes through biofilters. It is made of synthetic fibers on which colonies of microorganisms "live". They remove organic residues from drains in the course of their life.

In order to carry out the final cleaning, underground filtration systems are used.Filtering trenches or wells, cleaning fields or gravel-sand filters can act as such. Upon completion of such additional purification, up to 95% of contaminants are removed.

Device and principle of operation

Purification equipment such as, for example, a septic tank Cleansing - storage tanks, tanks or reservoirs that are designed to accumulate and purify sewage wastewater.

Some installations have the simplest structure because they represent only one chamber that accumulates and purifies wastewater by settling with the help of bacteria.

Other models have chambers inside their hollow capacity, which allow you to gradually clean sewage by pouring purified water from one chamber to another with sludge settling in each of them.

septic tank Chistok

Silt and water are decay products under the influence of anaerobic bacteria. The number of chambers depends on the volume of liquid household waste entering the septic tank. Usually septic tanks for a private house are made with division into compartments from 2 to 3 chambers.

Two-chamber types of equipment include a septic tank for cleaning 2500 liters or more (capacities up to 4000-5000 liters). These units do an excellent job with the tasks assigned to them to accumulate and purify household liquid waste, reducing it in size.

Three-chamber models are usually made for a larger displacement. Such equipment can be: a 4000 cleaning septic tank, a 5000 cleaning septic tank or a 6000 liters cleaning septic tank.

The principle of operation inside the Chistok septic tank is quite simple. The chambers are always connected to each other by holes with locks, which are always located in the upper part of the chambers themselves.

So wastewater can freely accumulate and be cleaned in the first chamber, decomposing into sludge and water.

Reaching the first hole, the purified water is poured into the second chamber and there it is also cleaned with the help of bacteria. Secondary purification allows you to more thoroughly free the water from the decomposition included in it.

After all, primary sewage treatment is carried out only by 60 or 70 percent. This is the basic principle of operation of the Chistok septic tanks.

work of septic tanks Chistok

If we consider in more detail its structure and operation, then the following can be noted. The sewage enters the inlet pipe of the first chamber through a special tee, which is designed to slightly slow down the rate of fall of liquids.

In the first chamber, all effluents are exposed to anaerobic (airless) bacteria and fermented, separating into silt, which settles on the bottom of the first chamber, and water, which accumulates, rises up to the hole that goes into the second chamber.

In the second chamber there is a secondary purification of the so-called "gray water" received from the first chamber. Here, water is purified from colloidal particles and the small heavy elements included in it are settled.

After the purified water reaches the second hole leading to the biofilter, it enters there in order to be finally purified.

It should be noted that the opening in the second chamber, which receives the effluents from the first, is located below the inlet from the first chamber.

This is necessary so that the purified water does not return back to the first chamber, and there is no premature overflow of the first chamber.

and septic operation

The biofilter is a special container, at the bottom of which there are holes covered with a synthetic fabric "Algae" attached from the inside of the container, which filters the liquid coming from the second chamber.

However, even when loading the biofilter, synthetic fibrous fabrics "Ruff" are used, on the surface of which a biofilm of microorganisms is formed, which not only purify the water for the last time, but also saturate it with bioflora.

After that, the water seeps through the synthetic fabric "Algae" into the soil or into the drainage system with perforated or conventional sewers - it all depends on the design model of the septic tank.

After aerobic microorganisms finally work on the purified water from the septic tank, such water can be used for technical and agricultural needs, for example, for accumulation in tanks for watering the garden.

VOC Bioxi lineup

Bioksi local aeration stations have a very wide range of models. Moreover, in free sale, you can find solutions designed for the disposal of wastewater from 0.6 to 3 m3. This corresponds to the daily service of 15 people. It is this volume that is most in demand. Also, you can buy models with a daily waste volume of 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20 m3.

If it is necessary to install a facility capable of treating wastewater from a small cottage village with a population of 500-70 people, you can order an individual project from the manufacturer. The most convenient and economical solution will be developed to address this issue.

All variants of the model range contain a number in the name that corresponds to the volume of accepted wastewater or the number of consumers served. For example, Bioksi-0.6 - for 0.6 m3 of liquid, Bioksi-3 - for 3 m3, Bioksi-5 long - a model of an elongated design for receiving wastewater from a family of 5 people.

Moreover, the installation is able to cope with a volume exceeding twice this norm - 1 m3. The main thing is that it should be temporary. If the guests arrived at a family event and did not stay long. Also, in the name of the models you can find a letter designation:

• s / t - gravity removal of wastewater;
• "L" or "Long" are models with an elongated body;
• "SL" or "SL" - options for the maximum overall format.

In addition to the appearance of the modifications, they are distinguished by the ability to cope with volley drain, for example, from a bathtub drain, a washing machine and a dishwasher at the same time. The "s / t" model will not cope with such a load.

Mounting

But let's now look at each point in more detail.

This model of a septic tank is used to drain wastewater in houses, summer cottages or simply areas that are located far from the central sewerage system, but, nevertheless, need to be drained. The advantage of this septic tank is that it can serve from one to a hundred people. In this case, the device needs electricity.

According to reviews, this treatment system requires a minimum of maintenance costs, that is, it is very economical and does not need any consumables. At the same time, it is able to process a large amount of wastewater, quickly, efficiently purify water and can fully restore its strength.

Depending on the conditions for which you buy a septic tank, this model has different types of tanks. They can be made of concrete (for reliability and durable installation), or plastic or metal (lighter and more practical to install). They can also be made from steel.

Features and scheme of the design

Due to the fact that this septic tank needs electricity, water is saturated with oxygen due to diffusers that are used in this model. This allows anaerobic bacteria to grow in number and thus improve the degree of wastewater treatment. We spoke earlier about the fact that this system can restore its own strength. It happens in this way.

Bacteria purify water from solids, which in the process sink to the bottom of the chamber. As a result, these substances are removed from it. Depending on the volume of wastewater entering the septic tank, the number of bacteria is also controlled. The advantage of this model is that it does not need additional maintenance, that is, it controls itself.

There are many types of this septic tank. And depending on the purpose for which you install it, you need to choose the one you need.

There are Fast models that are able to serve a large number of people at once (50-60 people). This septic tank can be ideal if you plan to install it in tourist camps where many people will live at the same time.

It can also be installed to serve several rooms at once, having previously connected them with one sewerage system. Thanks to the properties of this septic tank, you can even clean water bodies.Also, certain models have more power so that they can serve cafeterias or restaurants.

If you do not need a septic tank of such power, that is, you plan to live in one or two families, then you can choose this option. And, of course, there are septic tanks to serve a small number of people (up to 8).

There is also a great option that will help you deal with old type structures that need to be renewed and activated.

As for the reviews of Fast, its main drawback, perhaps, is its high price. This prevents many from buying it. After all, despite this, there are only positive reviews, and it has practically no drawbacks. The main advantage is that these septic tanks do not need a number of additional funds to maintain its activity. They are also easy to install and do not require special installation skills. Due to the fact that this system is purifies water well, it can be reused for your own business purposes.

The sediment that forms on the bottom of the chamber needs to be removed about once every three years, that is, this also facilitates its maintenance. This is very convenient if, for example, you don’t visit your site very often and you simply don’t have time to service, clean the septic tank or install auxiliary components. Also, the models of this septic tank will not fail through power outages. And you can not worry about the presence of an unpleasant odor - this type of septic tank does not provide for this.

In the end, I would like to say that using this type of septic tank, you not only simplify your life and save your time and energy, but also take a step towards the ecological existence of the environment, which is also the right and rational decision.

Overview of the most popular septic tank models

The Russian market is dominated by polymer solutions for organizing autonomous sewerage:

• Series "Tank". Installation with thick polyethylene walls (10-17mm), designed for 50 years of continuous operation (produced in various volumes, meeting the needs of 1 to 10 people). The modular design allows you to assemble several septic tanks into one installation, increasing productivity. Handles at least 600l/day with a plant weight of 85kg;
• Biotank series. Autonomous treatment plant, with which recycled water can be sent to the relief (the design consists of 4 chambers in which biochemical filtration and aeration take place). It is produced with volumes that can serve a family from 3 to 10 people.
• Series "Triton T". A septic tank of increased strength with a wall thickness of 14-40 mm. It consists of three chambers and has a connector for installing pumping equipment. The model range includes an option from 1 to 40 cubic meters, which allows you to serve several houses at the same time.
• Topas series. A treatment plant for deep biological wastewater treatment (for 5-20 people). At the outlet, purified water can be sent for discharge into the ground or into a flow-type reservoir. The septic tank has the ability to clean silt deposits on its own, using a drainage pump or airlift. In this case, it is not necessary to call a sewage truck.

All types of septic tanks need periodic removal of accumulated sludge, which can be used as fertilizer or the basis for the formation of a compost heap.

If the installation of a septic tank is not possible due to unsuitable geological and hydrogeological conditions, a storage tank is used in the autonomous sewage scheme