Septic tank "Voskhod" - device, principle of operation, installation rules + reviews

Description of the septic tank

This model is supplied by a domestic manufacturer that has proven itself well in our market. The septic tank is a volumetric storage tank with thick, durable walls (up to 1.5 cm) and stiffeners.

The kit comes with a neck for mounting the manhole, a cover and a special biological filter that provides maximum filtration of wastewater. Neck diameter 50 cm.Depending on the model, the device is equipped with one or two working chambers connected to each other by means of overflow pipes.

Septic tanks have a cylindrical shape, which ensures reliable fixation in the ground and high resistance to soil pressure. Filters are also made in the form of a cylinder and consist of polymer fibers. A separate filter is necessarily included in the package of large-volume products (from 4 cubic meters). Such a filter can be easily removed from the working chamber and washed with a stream of water. Cleaning is carried out regularly as it gets dirty - not only small, but also rather large organic residues settle on the filter fibers, which eventually undergo natural decay and decay into small fractions.

Installation and maintenance

Long-term reliable operation of local treatment facilities, in addition to the correct selection, still largely depends on competent professional installation.

Installation work includes:

1. Selecting a suitable site. It should be located below residential buildings and at a sufficient distance from the house, roads, sources of drinking water, trees. The maximum distances to these objects are regulated by the norms of SNiP.
2. Excavation. A pit is being dug (or pits, if the installation consists of several tanks), trenches for pipelines.
3. Construction of a pit. For areas with a low level of groundwater, it is enough to sprinkle and compact the bottom and walls of the pit with a dry construction (cement-sand) mixture. At the bottom, the thickness of the backfill should be at least 150 mm, on the walls - at least 200 mm.

For areas with a high level of groundwater, it is recommended to equip a special concrete base at the bottom of the pit. This plate will be needed to anchor the unit.This technique makes it impossible to float the tank during a flood.

1. Installation of a septic tank, supply of pipelines.
2. Starting and setting up the system. Before use, the container is filled with clean water. The quality of the liquid at the outlet of the installation is monitored.

Typical installation diagram of a local treatment plant with drainage well

You can see clearly how the installation of the Chistok septic tank takes place on the video.

All local treatment plants of Chistok, regardless of modification, need periodic sludge pumping. For these purposes, you can use a drainage pump or order a sewer machine. The frequency of pumping depends on the intensity of use of the septic tank.

The first thing that catches your eye when looking for reviews about Chistok brand septic tanks is users' complaints about the lack of information provided on the manufacturer's website.

Potential consumers are frightened by the lack of a detailed description of the principle of operation of the product, which is a big minus for the manufacturer.

User Vadim is not too happy with VOC Chistok. He notes such shortcomings as the cloudy color of the water at the outlet and the presence of an unpleasant odor.

There are users who ironically say that they are now “happy” owners of this installation and express frank regrets about their choice in favor of Chistok.

A user under the nickname Zeleny Klin shares his experience of installing a Shar septic tank, and notes its proper operation in winter at low temperatures.

Types of septic tanks Voskhod

The company of the same name produces septic tanks of different sizes: 1400 liters, 2000 liters and 3000 liters. Depending on the number of people living in a country house or in a country house, the type of septic tank is also selected.In addition, when choosing this treatment plant, the presence of plumbing fixtures and other types of equipment that consume water, which are installed in the house for a comfortable life, is taken into account.

Voskhod series septic tanks do an excellent job of cleaning sewage. They are cleaned by calling a sewage truck once every three years, depending on the intensity of use. They are non-volatile, so they are highly reliable. Easily mounted and serviced throughout the period of operation. Due to the fact that there are no complex devices in their design, they do not require repair or replacement individual parts, so these treatment facilities can rightfully be considered the most economical and beneficial for suburban living.

Septic tanks "Voskhod-1" have the following technical parameters:

Types of septic tanks

• The total volume is 1400 liters.
• Allow discharge of sewage in the maximum mode up to 700 liters per day.
• The dimensions of the septic tank are 1.47 X 1.37 X 1.5 m.
• The weight of the empty structure is only 60 kg.
• Designed to receive waste from a family of no more than 4 people.

Septic tanks "Voskhod-2" differ from the model described above by the presence of a second chamber, and, accordingly, a greater degree of purification. After all, the more stages of purification and sludge sewage flows through, the less insoluble fine particles in their composition. In addition, the Voskhod-2 septic tank has large dimensions compared to the first one and can be used on the site where a family of 4-5 people lives. Everything else inherent in the first model applies to the second - the same material from which the septic tank is made, the same principle of operation.

Technical specifications:

• The container holds 2000 liters.
• Dumping in the maximum mode is allowed 800 liters per day.
• Designed to serve a family of 4-5 people.
• External dimensions - 2.27. X 1.33 X 1.5 m.
• Empty container weight -80 kg.

All models are equipped with a biological filter, which, due to the fact that organic residues are retained in it, makes it possible for the reproduction and vital activity of anaerobic bacteria and microorganisms. It is these bacteria that produce wastewater treatment to such an extent that they can be dumped into the ground without harming the environment.

How does it work?

How a septic tank works from concrete rings is quite simple. This is a wastewater treatment plant. The device works like this:

• in the first chamber, primary settling takes place;
• partially clarified water through the overflow pipe enters the next chamber, where it is additionally settled;
• then again, through the overflow, it enters the filter well.

Please note that the construction of a filter well made of reinforced concrete rings is only possible if the groundwater is low (minimum depth is 5 meters). But if the groundwater lies close to the surface (depth 2-3 meters), then the installation of a filter well is impossible, you need to choose other options:

• groundwater is close, but below 2 meters from the surface - it is possible to arrange a filtration field;
• groundwater occurs at a depth of less than 2 meters - it is possible to install an above-ground filter cassette;

groundwater is close to the surface and is installed in clay - it is possible to install an additional biological filter.

Septic tanks with overflow also require pumping, but much less frequently.Since sediments form at the bottom of the sedimentation tanks, the installation requires periodic cleaning. Cleaning is carried out approximately once a year with the help of sewage equipment.

The price of septic tanks for a private house and design requirements

The domestic market offers an extensive range of treatment facilities, among which there are many budget septic tanks for giving without pumping.

The calculation of the cleaning structure is carried out taking into account the principles of cleaning of a multi-stage type. The purification process can be carried out by means of 3 or 2 chambers.

Rating and price table of popular designs:

Name	Cleaning efficiency, %	Volley discharge, l	Cost, rub.
Topas 8	98	440	106900
Eco Grand 5	98	250	73600
Unilos Astra 3	98	150	66300
Triton	98	500	48000
Rostock	90	250	26800
Tank 1	70	600	34900
Termite	70	400	73720

In some cases, the conditions allow you to create a single-chamber treatment plant for 20-30 m³, which will become more efficient than a three-chamber septic tank.

Diagram of a three-chamber septic tank with aeration

Purpose of cameras:

• the first one is intended for accumulation and subsequent separation of wastewater into fractions;
• the second - performs the function of purification (here the process of decay and purification from organic matter takes place);
• the third is used for final filtration and withdrawal of liquid into the ground.

With the exception of the effluent outlet tank, all chambers must be airtight.

Types of septic tanks Voskhod

The company of the same name produces septic tanks of different sizes: 1400 liters, 2000 liters and 3000 liters. Depending on the number of people living in a country house or in a country house, the type of septic tank is also selected. In addition, when choosing this treatment plant, the presence of plumbing fixtures and other types of equipment that consume water, which are installed in the house for a comfortable life, is taken into account.

Voskhod series septic tanks do an excellent job of cleaning sewage. They are cleaned by calling a sewage truck once every three years, depending on the intensity of use. They are non-volatile, so they are highly reliable. Easily mounted and serviced throughout the period of operation. Due to the fact that there are no complex devices in their design, they do not require repair or replacement of individual parts, so these treatment facilities can rightly be considered the most economical and beneficial for suburban living.

Septic tanks "Voskhod-1" have the following technical parameters:

• The total volume is 1400 liters.
• Allow discharge of sewage in the maximum mode up to 700 liters per day.
• The dimensions of the septic tank are 1.47 X 1.37 X 1.5 m.
• The weight of the empty structure is only 60 kg.
• Designed to receive waste from a family of no more than 4 people.

Septic tanks "Voskhod-2" differ from the model described above by the presence of a second chamber, and, accordingly, a greater degree of purification. After all, the more stages of purification and sludge sewage flows through, the less insoluble fine particles in their composition. In addition, the Voskhod-2 septic tank has large dimensions compared to the first one and can be used on the site where a family of 4-5 people lives. Everything else inherent in the first model applies to the second - the same material from which the septic tank is made, the same principle of operation.

• The container holds 2000 liters.
• Dumping in the maximum mode is allowed 800 liters per day.
• Designed to serve a family of 4-5 people.
• External dimensions - 2.27. X 1.33 X 1.5 m.
• Empty container weight -80 kg.

All models are equipped with a biological filter, which, due to the fact that organic residues are retained in it, makes it possible for the reproduction and vital activity of anaerobic bacteria and microorganisms. It is these bacteria that produce wastewater treatment to such an extent that they can be dumped into the ground without harming the environment.

users

Owners of suburban areas who have been using the Voskhod system for a long time note that it has many positive aspects. The most important is elementary installation and ease of maintenance.

Also, the positive aspects include the fact that this water treatment system does not depend on electrical energy. They also talk well about the work of a biological filter. Due to its excellent performance, there is no need to call technicians frequently. This need occurs approximately once every 2 years. This septic tank has only one negative side - this is the obligatory presence of free space for additional treatment of wastewater in the ground.

The device and principle of operation of septic tanks

The owners of small houses outside the city of a septic tank most often make a single-chamber version with a sealed or draining bottom. In the first case, a conventional wastewater reservoir is obtained, and in the second, a classic cesspool with drainage. At the same time, it is recommended to choose a purely accumulative sump only if clayey or watered soils simply do not allow a structure with filtration to be arranged.

A septic tank in the form of a storage tank is sealed and limited in volume. It fills up quickly enough, you will often have to call a sewage truck. A concrete cesspool with gravel bottom drainage is more rational.Most of the sewage that enters it is filtered into the soil. Here, sewers will need to be invited a maximum of twice a year to pump out excess sludge.

Scheme of work from two wells

The most effective is a septic tank made of concrete rings, made according to the scheme with three separate chambers. Structurally, it resembles a factory VOC, which has several compartments for sewage sludge and their partial processing.

Scheme of 3 wells

Three-chamber works on the following principles:

1. First, the effluents enter the first chamber, where heavy particles settle (clarification of household water from the sewerage in the house).

2. After the clarified masses flow into the second compartment for fermentation.

3. Then, the already fermented effluents end up in the third chamber, where they are drained into the ground.

The level of purification in the three-chamber version reaches 90%. The remaining ten percent is sludge, which, as the chambers fill up, will still have to be removed. However, cleaning in this case will only be required once or twice a year. But the volumes of effluents such a system can process are quite large. For two-story private house and / or a family of 3-5 people, it is more than enough.

Disadvantages of this cleaning system

On the official website of the manufacturer, you can read the information that the Leader septic tank is able to work without electricity, and its purified water can be used for gardening needs. Plus - you can dump into the septic tank everything that you sent to the ordinary sewer: food leftovers, drains from household appliances (washing machine, dishwasher, etc.).

By painting the body in green, the Leader septic tank can not be decorated, because its covers merge with lawn grass

But according to people who used the Leader system, not everything is so perfect:

• Firstly, in case of power failures that last more than a day, the quality of wastewater treatment becomes worse, because there is no oxygen supply to the aerators, which means that the bacteria work weaker;
• Secondly, if you do not use the septic tank regularly, but put it in the country and run only occasionally, then the bacteria will not have enough food (it comes with feces), and a fetid smell will gradually appear near the installation site of the system;
• Thirdly, irregular use in winter leads to the freezing of bacteria, and then all the functions of the septic tank come to naught;
• Fourthly, at the exit, effluents retain nitrates, which means that the use of this liquid in the garden will lead to contamination of the soil and vegetables with harmful substances;
• Fifthly, if salts, alkalis and acids (for example, ordinary salt water and vinegar during the canning of vegetables) are poured into the septic tank, this will lead to poisoning and death of bacteria. The system will recover on its own, but not earlier than in 2 weeks;
• Sixth, an excess of drains not designed for the volume of the septic tank (for example, the influx of guests on the weekend) will lead to system failure and the appearance of a fetid odor, which will have to endure for about 2 weeks.

(0 votes, average: 0 out of 5)

Voskhod-2

septic tank

Voskhod-2 is an improved analogue of the first model. The drive is larger in size and has 2 chambers. The parameters of the device are designed to serve a house with 4-5 residents. The second chamber allows you to better clean the drains. Waste water goes through several stages of purification.Voskhod -2 has the following parameters:

• tank volume - 2000 liters;
• the sump allows you to purify up to 800 liters of water per day;
• capacity parameters 2.27 m * 1.33 m * 1.5 m;
• weight of the empty device - 80 kg.

All Voskhod septic tanks are equipped with a biological filter. It traps solid particles and organic contaminants. This creates a breeding ground for bacteria in the filter. The micro-organisms help clean up the runoff so that the reuse of wastewater for irrigation does not harm the environment. It is not difficult to calculate the distance from the Voskhod septic tank to the house.

Leader design and wastewater treatment technology

The entire wastewater treatment process takes place inside one building, which is divided into several sections. Liquid flows from one compartment to another with the help of airlifts (special tubes).

Section #1. Primary clarifier

This is the so-called chamber for receiving wastewater that comes from the house through sewer pipes. In it, the contents are fermented and separated into suspended particles and the liquid part. Large organics settle to the bottom, light ones float to the surface in the form of a crust. About ¼ of the entire septic tank is allocated to this chamber.

Section number 2. Bioreactor

The clarified effluents pass into the compartment of the anaerobic bioreactor, where they are “meeted” by colonies of bacteria that feed on similar contents. They process complex organic matter and decompose it into simple elements. Also in this compartment, those suspended particles that managed to slip out of the first compartment are retained.

Section 3. First aerotank

At the bottom of the third compartment there is an aerator (a device in the form of a perforated pipe through which oxygen is pumped into the chamber by a compressor).With its help, effluents are oxidized, they are further clarified and partially absorbed by bacteria. Colonies of microorganisms live in gravel, which is scattered along the bottom of the compartment.

Section 4. Secondary clarifier

This is a small intermediate link, with the help of which the clarified waters from the first aeration tank flow into the second one, and the sludge settles to the bottom and is discharged through the airlift back to section No. 1.

Section number 5. Secondary aeration tank

This is a more powerful aerotank, because its entire space is filled with colonies of artificial algae-bacteria. They are helped by oxygen coming from the aerator at the bottom of the chamber, and crushed limestone. Effluent in this compartment undergoes deep biological treatment, as a result of which phosphate compounds are neutralized, acidity is eliminated, and practically purified water flows into the last chamber.

Regardless of the volume of the septic tank, it must be periodically cleaned of solid silt, calling a sewer machine for pumping

Section number 6. Tertiary clarifier

In the last compartment, the final separation of the sludge takes place, which again returns through the airlift to section No. 1, and the liquid is withdrawn to the outside (by gravity or by force).

Thus, all the silt deposited in any of the compartments, the system outputs to the receiving chamber, from where it will have to be pumped out by a sewage machine (1-2 rubles per year). The purified liquid is sent to a sewer ditch or to a specially dug well, where it is filtered and goes into the ground.

Installation and commissioning: the maximum optimal distance from the septic tank to the residential building in accordance with all SNIP standards

Voskhod septic tanks are light in weight and dimensions. They are easy to install on your own, without resorting to the help of craftsmen and equipment.When choosing the location of the sump, soil properties, the degree of soil freezing in winter, the depth of groundwater passage are taken into account.

Rules for installing a septic tank Voskhod:

Determination of the location of the septic tank. The place is chosen taking into account the passage of groundwater. Be sure to calculate the depth of soil freezing. If the septic tank is located in the freezing zone, then it will have to be insulated in all possible ways

It is important to know the characteristics of the soil. In clayey areas, drains will have to be cleaned more thoroughly, using additional filters for this;
The distance from the septic tank to the house according to SNIP is at least 6 meters

Drinking water sources are located at a distance of 25 meters from the septic tank;
The bottom of the pit, in which the container is placed, is covered with sand by 30 cm;
The sewer pipe laid to the septic tank is placed at a slope for easy drainage of water;
After the container is placed in the pit, it is filled with water and only then covered with soil.

What is a Voskhod brand septic tank?

This design is made of durable plastic, the thickness of which is 15 mm. Septic tanks may have one or more chambers interconnected by overflow pipes.

In addition, the design provides for the presence of a biological filter, a neck with a diameter of 50 cm and a lid that closes it. The rigidity of the whole structure is given by transverse stiffeners, cast in the plastic itself at the stage of its production. Thanks to these ribs, the bulging of the septic tank from the soil is excluded. In addition, such a design perceives less ground pressure.

The biological filter looks like a cylinder made of polymer fiber, which is intertwined in a chaotic manner. A similar filter is used in large-volume septic tanks designed for wastewater treatment up to 4 cubic meters. m. per day. It not only retains small insoluble wastewater fragments, but also large enough ones that decompose over time and pass for further treatment.

The operation of the biological filter is not difficult, it is easily removed from the septic tank chamber and washed with a stream of water, and is also easily inserted back. And since the polymer material can serve for many decades, since it is not subject to oxidation, corrosion, and decomposition, it is not required to buy spare parts for it.

A neck with a lid is necessary for periodic cleaning of the septic tank, which happens no more than once a year.

The principle of operation of a septic tank is to accumulate wastewater, during which heavy particles settle to the bottom, where they gradually decompose, and clarified effluents, passing through a biological filter, are discharged to aeration fields or to drainage wells. Installing a septic tank "Voskhod" relieves the owner of a suburban area from unpleasant odors, frequent pumping of fecal effluents, and makes it possible to use treated effluents for watering garden or garden plants.

Modifications and competitors

ZID Owl 200 Courier - modification with a rear monoshock absorber and front disc brakes.

The motorcycle Zid Owl 200 itself became a modification of the Owl 175 model, launched by the plant earlier.

Models of other classes were not created either. As they say, an airliner cannot be assembled from the parts of a vacuum cleaner. Having a set of parts for a road builder, it will be difficult to make a chopper.

But on other conveyors of the same plant, they began to produce new ZiDs and Lifan, which were calculated for buyers from the countries of the Soviet bloc. All of them were small-capacity, all belonged to the light class., And any of them could call themselves a competitor of the Owl.

Specific modifications can be listed for a long time. But all had one trait that set them apart from this bike. Motor. Motorcycles subsequently assembled by ZiD, Baltmotors, Irbis and foreign enterprises had a 4-stroke engine with a 2- or 4-valve distribution system in the cylinder head.

Scheme Disadvantages

A simple septic tank system made of rings has been worked out for years, has repeatedly proven its effectiveness in areas with low groundwater level. However, a forum member with the nickname Khozain2000 recommends improving it by slightly changing the principle of operation.

Khozain2000:

– Before starting the construction of the sewer system, I shoveled a huge amount of information on the forum. In my opinion, the standard ring septic tank scheme has three main drawbacks:

• leaky bottom of the pit at the first storage tank and poor sealing of the joint surfaces;
• the possibility of shifting the chambers and the destruction of the seams due to the forces of frost heaving;
• high costs for the arrangement of filtration fields.

Consider the improvements proposed by the forum member.

Released Models:

Each of the presented models had its own technical and operational features:

1. "Sunrise".

This model was equipped with a 175 cc engine and 10 horsepower.

However, this was not the main advantage of Voskhod among other motorcycles.It had a two-channel wind blower, a trunk, windshields and shields, that is, it was more comfortable and convenient to use.

The only negative that lovers of “fancy” vehicles noticed was an unpresentable appearance, which, nevertheless, did not affect its popularity in any way, but on the contrary.

2. Voskhod-2.

When creating this motorcycle, the plant engineers threw all their efforts into improving the performance of the unit, as well as its appearance, which left much to be desired.

The new model was equipped with round indicator lights, a more powerful engine and, most importantly, a contactless electronic ignition system. The maximum speed of the new unit bordered on the mark of 95 km per hour;

3. Voskhod-2M.

The model saw the light a year after the release of the previous one. It had a similar design, the only difference was the front fork.

Despite the fact that the weight of Voskhod-2m was 121 kg, this did not affect its speed performance, which amounted to 105 km per hour;

4. Voskhod-3.

The third generation Voskhod successfully continued the good old traditions of this line. Minor changes have been made to the tank, which has become larger, the generator, shock absorbers and brake drums. Otherwise, the motorcycle completely repeated the design features of the previous model;

5. Voskhod-3M.

So, it was equipped with new wheels with wear-resistant and durable tires, 12 W electrical equipment, and the anti-theft system became the main feature. Also on Voskhod-3M there was an engine for 108 cubic meters. It is easy to guess how much the new model weighed: due to structural changes, its weight reached as much as 122 kg;

6. Voskhod-3M Lux.

The luxury model as a whole has not undergone any technical changes. The main focus of the manufacturers was placed on a beautiful and aesthetic appearance. So, the body of the unit had a high-quality lacquered coating, the fork had rubber anthers, and aluminum parts were delivered straight from Kyiv;

7. Voskhod-3M Tourist.

A few years later, the world saw a sports and tourist version of the Voskhod, which was intended for high-speed driving and operation in rocky and bumpy terrain. She had steel roll bars, a sports steering wheel, two mirrors and a trunk with several compartments and pockets;

8. Voskhod-3M 01.

She completed the line of legendary Soviet motorcycles in 1989 with the 3m 01 modification. Motorcyclists liked this model so much that it was put into mass production.

It was characterized by enhanced motor transmission, reduced fuel consumption and minimal toxicity of exhaust gases.