Overview of the septic tank "Rostok": device, model range, advantages and disadvantages

The principle of operation and the device of the septic tank Rostock.

Septic Rostock - the principle of operation

The device device is a single body divided into two compartments. In one of the compartments there are special filters for cleaning wastewater.

Septic Rostock - device

The principle of operation of the system is quite simple:

1. Initially, sewage flows are in the primary compartment. The inlet pipe of the first compartment is equipped with a special absorber to prevent the bottom sediment from shaking. The process taking place in the first compartment is similar to a similar process in other septic tanks.This is where the sedimentation takes place. Heavier than water impurities settle to the bottom. The lighter ones rise to the surface. Semi-purified water is finally sent to the second compartment.
2. The second compartment is equipped with two filters. The first filter is a regular one, made in the form of a mesh, used to screen out large substances. The second filter is made of zeolite 20 cm thick.
3. The liquid eventually leaving the device has a degree of purification of about 70-80%. This level is dangerous for the environment (according to sanitary standards) and such water should be sent to post-treatment devices (eg: drainage well, biofilters).

The device and principle of operation of the wastewater purifier

The septic tank Rostock country is a container with a rounded section and stiffeners. The use of such a shape significantly reduces the likelihood of the tank car floating to the surface during the rise of sewage, and also guarantees the strength of the structure.

The internal device of the Rostock cleaner is quite simple and consists of a reservoir divided into two chambers. All sewage flows by gravity into the first compartment through an inlet pipe equipped with an absorber. Such a system prevents the possibility of shaking and raising sediment from the bottom of the chamber. The first compartment is called a sump, since the effluents in it are subjected to independent separation into fractions. The heavier ones go to the bottom and settle, while the lighter ones, the so-called clarified ones, rise. In this department, the process of processing wastewater begins due to the presence of anaerobic microorganisms. Heavy suspensions require periodic pumping, while clarified ones enter the second chamber and can be further cleaned.

The second chamber of the tank is equipped with two filters: mesh and sorption. A mesh filter is used to trap large particles, and a sorption filter provides high-quality filtration of the contents. It is made of a special material - zeolite, about 20 cm thick.

After passing through two chambers, wastewater is cleaned by 80%, however, this is not enough to drain it into the environment. To complete the filtration, additional biofilters or a multi-layer backfill are needed. The biofilter required for post-treatment or a container for arranging soil filtration is also produced by the Rostock manufacturer and can be supplied with a septic tank. They can be purchased separately or made independently.

Selection options for a country house

There are also important selection criteria - this is the material of construction, the number of drains and the type of soil with the level of groundwater.

materials

• Concrete. Durable version with self-assembly using formwork.
• Rings. Durable. Need special equipment and sealing during assembly. How to make a septic tank from concrete rings.
• Brick building. Sealing required. Complicated installation.
• Plastic containers. Lightweight, durable, but can be damaged by rodents. Destroyed at low temperatures.
• Metal. Sealed, durable. Corrosive, needs protection.
• Fiberglass. Lightweight, durable, long lasting. Do not crack in frost.

Soil type and groundwater level

Soil parameters and groundwater levels also affect the choice. On soils that absorb water well and up to GWT more than 1 meter, it is better to install a sump with a drainage well.

And on soils with poor absorbency, it is impossible to make a post-treatment system. And as an option, a septic tank or biostation is better.It is also worth doing with a large GWL.

Dimensions

The size of the septic tank is also calculated from the number of drains. It is generally accepted that 1 person per day accounts for 200 liters. And based on the norms, the capacity of the septic tank is calculated for a 3-day norm for each resident plus a 30% margin.

From here, another choice is made, so with drains less than 1 m3, a single-chamber septic tank is chosen. Less than 10 m3 - two-chamber, and if more than 10 m3 - three-chamber. Homemade devices are calculated randomly.

Device and principle of operation

The problem of autonomous heating and water supply was solved by summer residents long before they became interested in the possibility of arranging a local sewerage system on their site.

With the solution of the last problem, the appearance of septic tanks on sale is connected. These devices allow you to clean domestic wastewater and are a key element of local sewage. Rostok is one of the most popular septic tank models.

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A septic tank with the Rostock trademark is designed to organize independent sewerage at facilities that do not have the ability to connect to a centralized sewer network

The internal space of the Rostock septic tank is divided into two chambers. The effluents entering them are cleaned by settling, filtering and separating the heavy fraction when flowing from one compartment to another

To install the Rostock treatment system, a pit and trenches are being developed, which are required for laying sewer pipes. The system does not need to be connected to the power supply

Wastewater that has been processed in a septic tank cannot be disposed of in the ground or on land. To discharge it, a system of soil post-treatment is arranged.

Septic tank for organizing autonomous sewerage

Two working chambers of the treatment plant

Installation of a septic tank Rostock in the pit

Device for soil post-treatment of wastewater

Like most similar devices, the Rostock is quite simple. In fact, this is a single tank, divided into two chambers. One of the chambers is equipped with special filters. To better understand the device of this septic tank, we will understand the principle of its operation.

Initially, all drains through the sewer pipes enter the first chamber. It happens by itself. The inlet pipe through which the effluent enters the septic tank is equipped with an extinguisher. It does not allow the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the chamber to shake up.

The first chamber is a sump. In it, all stocks are divided into fractions. Heavy fractions settle to the bottom of the chamber: they will subsequently be pumped out. Light fractions together with liquid effluents rise up. Effluent devoid of heavy fractions is considered clarified.

So, clarified drains, moving from bottom to top, enter the next chamber. It, as we have already mentioned, is equipped with filters. A mesh filter is used to hold large contaminants. The second filter is sorption. It is made of a special material - zeolite, the thickness of which reaches 20 cm.

The Rostock septic tank is arranged simply, but very well thought out: everything is done in it so that the device can be successfully operated and maintained for a long time and is easy to maintain

When drains pass both filters, they are cleaned by 70-80%. Now they can be taken out of the septic tank for post-treatment. This procedure is performed using multi-layer soil backfill or special biofilters.

The video at the end of our article will help you visualize the work of the Rostok summer septic tank.

Septic Rostock - a unique overflow system

This instance differs not so much in external structure as in internal. The container is divided into two chambers, but the second one also has a horizontal perforated partition, on which a filter layer is laid. From the upper part of the second chamber, clarified effluents go for further treatment (without this they cannot be dumped onto the ground).

Design features

For final wastewater treatment, the manufacturer has a filter in which expanded clay is used as a filter element. Such a pair, according to the manufacturer, gives a purification of 90-95%.

Septic tank Rostock - internal structure

This design has several unique solutions:

• • Flow damper installed at the inlet. This is a pipe through which drains come from the entrance. It is not solid, it has a cut out sector directed from the side opposite from the partition. In this way, manufacturers make the path of the drains longer.
  • The overflow from the first chamber to the second also has an unusual shape. This is a thin layer module. Its structure is not specified anywhere, but the overflow occurs from the bottom / up, which reduces the amount of suspensions entering the second chamber.
  • In the second chamber there is a tee with overflow pipes installed at an angle. Water rises along them from the bottom to the top. Due to the nature of the movement of water, fewer contaminants enter the inclined pipes.

Septic tank Rostock - internal structure

As you can see, this design also has interesting solutions. Operating experience suggests that they work, cleaning at the outlet of the septic tank is quite normal.

Installation nuances

To protect this structure from ascent, it is necessary to dig niches on the sides of the pit (the dimensions are traditionally 20-30 cm larger than the size of the septic tank) into which anchors are installed. Most often, these are curb stones with ribbon cables tied to them (ordinary ones are not suitable). The ends of these cables are fixed around the body.

Sand filling with spillage

Backfilling is done with sand while filling the container. Water is immediately poured into the filter cup (gray container), then into the main chamber. Sand is poured in layers, spilling it for compaction.

Concrete septic tank Aspen

This type of local sewage differs from all the others in the material of the body - it is made of concrete. With a high GWL, this can be useful - it will not push out, and concrete is stronger.

Manufacturers position this structure as a mechanical and biological installation. A biological component is added to the usual waste processing for a septic tank with the help of anaerobic bacteria and fermentation. Manufacturers recommend adding some bacteria to the sewer every two weeks (down the drain through the toilet or sink). They recommend the French "Biosept", which they themselves also sell, but are not against the use of other drugs.

The structure of a concrete septic tank Aspen

Manufacturers say that the septic tank will have to be pumped out in 3-5 years. In principle, this is possible - bacteria significantly reduce the amount of sediment. But no one bothers to use them in other treatment plants.

Aspen's appearance

In this brand, you can choose from three models - for 6 people (up to 1 m3 / day), for 12 people (up to 2 m3 / day) and for 18 people (up to 3 m3 / day). As you can see, there is no model for small houses.

Installing it will be expensive. Firstly, the cost of transportation, and secondly, the installation, since it can only be installed in the pit with a crane. But the case is certainly reliable, and the system itself is simple and reliable, but nothing special is different.

The choice of this option is justified. This saves money. But before construction, you need to obtain permission from the SES, and during construction, comply with the norms of SNiP.

How to choose a modification?

The choice of treatment plant model depends on the required performance, which determines the volume of the tank. It is generally accepted that one person forms 200 liters of waste per day.

This value must first be multiplied by the number of residents, and then tripled, since the wastewater stays in the tank for about 3 days. The result is the volume of the tank.

If 2-3 people live in the house, then the treatment plant should contain 1200-1800 liters of wastewater.

So, the volume of the septic tank "Sprout Country" is 1500 liters, that is, it is quite suitable for the described case. Modification "Mini" is suitable for periodic residence of 1-2 people, and "Country" version - for permanent service of 5-6 residents. The declared performance corresponds to reality, which is proved by the impression of the owners.

So, about the septic tank "Rostok Cottage" with a volume of 3000 liters, reviews with a positive content are very common.

But when choosing a model, it is important to take into account the presence of sanitary equipment that generates a lot of wastewater, for example, a washing machine.

Installation of any modification does not require much effort, so many owners prefer to mount it on their own.

Strengths and weaknesses of the septic tank "Rostok"

Like any solid system, the Rostock septic tank has a line of devices of a single conceptual range. Three models of the Rostock line are known:

• "Mini" with a capacity of 250 l / day and a total volume of 1000 l, for 1-2 people;
• "Dachny", 1500 l, for 3-4 people;
• "Cottage", 3000 l, for 5-6 people.

From the most general characteristics, it is clear that there is plenty to choose from, for any need. Accordingly, the price for any wallet is 25, 30 and 45 thousand rubles. The concept of building this septic tank was well developed at industrial wastewater treatment plants and embodied in household appliances justified itself 100%. The positive qualities of the Rostok septic tank, which are noted by users:

• one-piece design of the device with stiffening ribs ensures tightness and strength - the service life of such a tank is at least 10 years;
• special overflow design retains oils;
• energy independence is especially important where there is no electricity in the countryside;
• the safety of the structure is confirmed by the results of operation and compliance with the SanPIN requirements for water treatment;
• high degree of purification, especially when adding bioenzymatic additives. Using a post-treatment system based on a drainage well, it is possible to obtain water purification up to - 90–95%;
• the originality of the design lies in the presence of an incoming flow damper and protection against shock discharge of wastewater with a volume of more than 200 liters;
• energy independence, as complete freedom from the greatest blessing of civilization - electricity.

There are not so many disadvantages, but still:

• the need to use a sewer machine, and these are additional costs;
• dependence on groundwater is annoying, you never know when it will work;
• installation price at the level of the price for a septic tank.

Do-it-yourself installation of a septic tank "Rostok"

To build a local treatment plant based on the Rostock septic tank, you need to do a number of simple steps.

Selecting an installation site

The septic tank must be installed near the house, but not closer than 5 m (requirement of regulatory documents). Increasing this distance is impractical for two reasons:

• To provide the sewer pipe laid from the house with the necessary slope, the septic tank will have to be buried too deep.
• The probability of clogging the sewer pipe is the higher, the greater its length.

Installation of autonomous sewerage

It should also be noted that the distance between the septic tank and some objects should not be less than the established standards (SNiP 2.04.03-85 and others) values:

• to buildings: 5 m;
• to a well or well: 50 m, and the direction of groundwater flow should be from the source to the septic tank, and not vice versa;
• to the roadside: 5 m;
• to trees: 3 m.

It is often not possible to locate a septic tank at a distance of 50 m from a source of drinking water due to the limited size of the site.

As practice has shown (this is reported by forum participants on the Internet), this distance can be reduced to 30 m - while the water quality remains unchanged (if the well is located upstream of the groundwater).

Digging trenches and pits

The sewer pipe coming from the house should be located below the freezing depth and have a slope of 1:50 (2 cm / m) - this must be taken into account when constructing a trench.

The pipe should be laid on a sand cushion.

To install the septic tank itself, it is necessary to dig a pit, the length and width of which exceed the similar dimensions of the product by 600 mm.

The bottom of the pit should be leveled (the maximum permissible deviation from horizontal is 10 mm / m).

The trench for the discharge pipe is built in such a way that the latter has a slope of at least 1:100 (1 cm / m).

Laying inlet and outlet pipes and installation of a septic tank

To drain wastewater into a septic tank, a polypropylene pipe (version - for non-pressure external networks) with a diameter of 110 mm should be used, individual segments of which are connected by means of couplings and rubber seals. The same pipe is laid between the septic tank and the filtration field. For greater reliability, both lines can be insulated with expanded clay backfill or polyethylene foam.

The method of installing a septic tank depends on the level of groundwater. If they are located deep enough, the bottom of the pit should be rammed, and a sand cushion 100 - 300 mm thick should be laid on top. A septic tank is installed on it - strictly in the center of the pit, so that there is a gap of 300 mm between the soil and the plastic container.

Septic installation diagram

If the ground moisture is high, a reinforced concrete slab with lugs embedded in it should be laid at the bottom of the pit. The septic tank should be tied to them with plastic straps, thus preventing it from surfacing. Instead of a slab as an anchor, you can use standard concrete curbs in the amount of 4 pcs.

backfilling

The pipes must first be covered with sand (this is done manually), after which the trench is filled with soil.

To fill the space between the walls of the pit and the septic tank, sand is used - in its pure form or with the addition of cement (20% of the volume of sand). Backfill should be laid in layers of 200 - 300 mm with careful tamping. Before laying each layer in the septic tank, water should be added to the same height.

Backfilling of trenches and pits is completed by laying vegetable soil.

Septic tank Rostock country - installation rules

Construction of a filtration field or a drainage well

Under the filtration field, an area should be allocated, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bwhich should be about 12 square meters. m. A drainage well can be made of concrete rings, or you can purchase a ready-made one - made of plastic.

Pros and cons

Pros and cons of installation

Before installing any septic tank on your site, it is important to familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of the device. If we talk about the Voskhod septic tank, then the following advantages can be distinguished:

1. Reliability and simplicity of design. The container itself is made of durable material. In addition, the body is equipped with stiffeners. All this allows the septic tank to easily withstand large mechanical loads. There are no mechanisms inside, which means there is nothing to break.
2. Ease of operation. One of the main parts of a septic tank is a biofilter. In order for it to work effectively, it is enough to rinse it with running water once a year. Also, once every 1-3 years (depending on the intensity of use), it is necessary to pump out the accumulated sludge. No other activities during the entire operation need to be done.
3. The service life of the Voskhod septic tank is quite long. The case, made of durable plastic, can last more than half a century. The same applies to the biological filter, because it is also made of polymer fibers.

Among the shortcomings of the Voskhod septic tank, it is worth noting the low degree of sewage treatment. The biological filter does not cope well with this task. But if you properly equip the drainage system or use aeration fields, then there will be no harm to the environment.

Advantages of a country septic tank Rostock

Septic tanks such as Rostock were created using special technologies that allow them to be used in large sewage treatment plants. So, let's consider what advantages such a cleaning system has:

• Optimized septic tank design. Since the design of the septic tank is one-piece, it ensures the absolute tightness of the container and, accordingly, the absence of welds that can provoke a leak. In addition, the design of the septic tank is cylindrical, which guarantees almost 100% independence of the system from groundwater.
• Competent design of the internal elements of the system. The internal overflows of the structure are designed in such a way as to retain oils, fats, etc.
• Design safety. Rostock's design has passed numerous examinations by SanPIN, according to the results of which the purification system is not only the most effective in terms of water purification, but also absolutely safe for the environment.
• Excellent result of water purification. The device uses modern bioenzymatic additives, thanks to which the water at the outlet is purified by 80-90%. For complete water purification, there are additional filters that can purify water almost perfectly.
• Highly optimized system operation.The Rostock water purification system has its own design features, thanks to which it is possible to optimize the operation of the septic tank as much as possible. For example, this concerns protection against a sudden discharge of large volumes of water (up to 200 liters); a special quencher that prevents sediment from rising from the bottom of the tank; emergency overflow, thanks to which the system can function smoothly.

The layout of the septic tank

Ease of installation and use of equipment. The system is designed in such a way that all elements of the system can be easily installed.

Lineup of Rostok stations

If you decide to give preference to a sprout treatment plant, then it would be useful to know that the manufacturer offers its customers three models of devices. They are classified according to the volume of effluent they contain:

• Treatment plant "Rostok"-Mini. Such an autonomous sewage system can hold up to 1000 liters of wastewater, and produces up to 250 liters of purified water per day from household liquid. The dimensions of the mini septic tank and the lightweight polyethylene from which it is made allow the installation of the tank without the involvement of extraneous forces. The principle of operation of such a station is designed for 1-2 people permanently residing in the house.
• Autonomous sewerage "Rostok"-Dachny. Such a station is designed for 1500 liters of wastewater. Produces installation in contrast to the mini station up to 400 liters per day of purified water from domestic wastewater. The “Country” type installation can be used where 3-4 people permanently live. An important difference from the mini system of the Dachny septic tank is its elongated shape, which allows you to save on the depth of the pit, not approaching groundwater, and at the same time simplifies the cleaning of the septic tank at the time of pumping out the sludge.
• Treatment plant "Rostok-Cottage". The largest of the devices of the Rostok family. A cottage septic tank can hold up to 3,000 liters of wastewater, and at the same time produces about 1 m3 of purified water per day. Such an autonomous sewage system is designed for a house where 5-6 people permanently live. The shape and dimensions of the "Cottage-3000" septic tank are somewhat different from the "mini" and "country" stations. This approach to production makes it possible to simplify the installation of the device and its operation.

Why choose this particular system?

When designing a septic tank, technologies were used that have been successfully operating at large treatment plants for many years. Thanks to this approach, the installation has become even more reliable, economical and durable. It is distinguished by:

• Well-thought-out optimal design of the device. The capacity of the septic tank is solid, which provides it with 100% tightness and the absence of welds, potential sources of leakage. The installation is made in the form of a cylinder, this configuration is the least susceptible to the risk of floating under the possible influence of groundwater.
• The special design of internal overflows, which makes it possible to retain oils, fats and suspended solids.
• Energy independence of the device.
• Building safety and security. They are confirmed by the results of examinations, which recognized the compliance of the installation with all the requirements of SanPIN for water treatment and for the environmental safety of the septic tank itself.
• High degree of purification. When using bioenzymatic additives, the water at the outlet of the installation is purified by 80%. If the post-treatment system developed by EcoProm SPb is used, the output is 90-95% purified water.
• Original design features that optimize system performance.Among them, built-in protection against volley discharges up to 200 liters. An inlet flow damper that prevents sediment from rising from the bottom of the tank. An emergency overflow designed for the smooth operation of the device and a thin-walled high-tech module that prevents large particles from entering the filtration chamber.
• Convenience and ease of maintenance. The unit provides easy access to all special technological openings.

Anyone who wants to install country septic tank sprout or any other modification, it must be understood that the device only performs initial wastewater treatment. Even though it is quite high, it is necessary to provide for an additional purification system. It can be either a well or a filtration field, or a special biofilter.

EcoProm engineers, who developed the septic tank, also offer a post-treatment system. According to customer reviews, the treatment facilities mounted in this way work well, without causing problems and complaints. Another important advantage of these septic tanks is the possibility of installation and subsequent warranty service by the specialists of the manufacturer. This ensures prompt resolution of all emerging issues.

Often, people choosing a septic tank have doubts about the unusual design of the device. This is especially true of the filter bed in the second chamber, which, as they think, should be constantly clogged, and it is not possible to remove it for cleaning. In fact, this is not a mechanical filter, but a sorption one.

The thickness of the sorbing layer is only 200 mm, the fraction that fills it has a size of 30-40 mm, so it does not threaten clogging.Especially considering the location of the filter - before leaving the septic tank, after a thin-layer block that traps mechanical impurities.

Sewage from the septic tank requires mandatory post-treatment

Feedback from those who use the device suggests that you should not be afraid of the innovations implemented in this model. They make the system more efficient and safer. A septic tank sprout, properly installed and undergoing regular maintenance, allows you to forget about problems with wastewater.