Wood-burning stoves for summer cottages: TOP-12 + tips on choosing equipment

Rating of long-burning furnaces made of cast iron

Most experts recommend installing models made of cast iron, as they have a much higher efficiency than other models. At the same time, they give off heat perfectly, despite the small firebox. It is possible to use any solid fuel: firewood, coal and other types. The cost of such furnaces is higher, but their service life is longer.Some worry that the appearance of cast iron fireplaces is not the same as that of ceramic ones.

Do not worry: today the masters have learned to pay great attention to the aesthetic side of the issue

Marseille 10

This is a small and beautiful fireplace from Meta. Suitable for heating suburban areas. It takes up little space, but is characterized by increased productivity. There is a viewing window that will allow you to enjoy the view of the fire. It is large enough. At the same time, smoke will not get inside the room, which is an advantage over open-type fireplaces. Compared to steel structures, more thermal energy is required to obtain the desired result. But the heat is retained for 7 hours longer. The model is designed so that it can fit into almost any interior.

Marseille 10

Characteristics:

• wall type;
• 10 kW;
• chimney 50 mm;
• glass door;
• lining - fireclay;
• weight 105 kg.

pros

• small size;
• high performance;
• stylish design;
• large viewing window;
• low price;
• ease of installation;
• comfortable handle.

Minuses

stands and attracts the attention of everyone, the design is slightly inferior to more expensive models;
small size does not allow to heat a large house.

oven META Marseille 10

Kratki Koza/K6

An excellent model, which is included in the rating of fireplace stoves due to its stylish design, low price and high performance. The user can independently regulate the level of heat using a special lever. He is responsible for supplying air to the furnace to control the combustion process. Thus, if it is necessary to put out the fire, the air supply must be turned off. This is a great option that allows you not to wait for the fuel to burn itself out.There are active and passive combustion modes. The former is used during the day, and the latter is needed to maintain the temperature during the night. Glass can withstand temperatures up to 800 degrees.

Kratki Koza/K6

Characteristics:

• wall type;
• 9 kW;
• flue 150 mm, connection to it is possible from above or behind;
• glass door;
• lining - fireclay;
• weight 120 kg.

pros

• beautiful appearance;
• good performance;
• convenient management;
• acceptable price;
• you can enjoy the fire, the door is large enough;
• several ways to install a chimney.

Minuses

• you can not cook food;
• fuel only firewood or special briquettes.

Wood-burning stove-fireplace Kratki Koza K6

Ardenfire Corsica 12

A very reliable and beautiful stove for a summer residence, which is made in France. It is compact, and the connection is made using the top panel. There is a function of secondary afterburning and clean fire. The price is moderate, and installation problems, as a rule, do not arise. Suitable for rooms up to 200 sq. meters.

Ardenfire Corsica 12

Characteristics:

• wall type;
• 12 kW;
• connection to it is possible from above;
• glass door;
• lining - fireclay;
• 130 kg.

pros

• looks beautiful;
• convenient to manage;
• there is pure fire and afterburning;
• Efficiency 78%;
• reliable and well-known manufacturer;
• fuel - any solid materials, except for fuel briquettes.

Minuses

• heavy construction;
• overpriced.

Ardenfire Corsica 12

Vermont Castings DutchWest XL

Studying the rating long burning fireplace stoves, you should definitely consider this model. It uses a patented air supply system to the furnace, which increases its efficiency. From one supply of firewood, heat can be stored indoors for up to 12 hours, which is an excellent indicator.The glass is treated with zinc oxide for increased strength. At the same time, it gives off more heat compared to standard refractory. A built-in thermometer allows you to monitor the temperature in the room. Fuel is loaded through the front or rear doors.

Vermont Castings DutchWest XL

Characteristics:

• wall type;
• 16 kW;
• can be connected from the back or side;
• glass door;
• lining - fireclay;
• weight 280 kg.

pros

• heating area up to 20 sq. meters, therefore suitable for large houses;
• high efficiency (74%);
• any fuel can be used;
• pleasant appearance;
• you can put something on top;
• convenient and safe loading of fuel during the operation of the fireplace;
• there is a thermometer.

Minuses

great weight.

Vermont Castings DutchWest XL

These are the main wall-type models made of cast iron, which are included in the rating of long-burning heating furnaces.

Oil ovens

Such devices are also called heat pumps. A wide variety of motor oils are used as fuel for oil furnaces, including exhaust and fuel oil blends. Thus, the cost of heating is reduced, and unusable oil products will not pollute the environment. In addition, the supply of mining can be negotiated with a car company, a service station or neighbors in a garage cooperative.

The design of oil furnaces provides:

• fuel consumption adjustment
• heating degree adjustment
• using the top as a hob.

In such furnaces, air is directly heated. Their principle of operation is in the combustion of vapors of boiling fuel. There are no nozzles in the design, therefore the supply channels do not clog, which is convenient to use devices in the cold.Adjustment of heat generation is carried out in a wide range: from barely warm to red glow. There is practically nothing to break in the design, so oil furnaces have a very long service life.

The weight of the oil stove is within 30 kg, so it will not be difficult to transport them from place to place. You can remove and install the exhaust pipe in a few minutes. You can light the stove easily anywhere, regardless of weather conditions.

Fuel economy is also noticeable - 0.5-1.5 liters per hour. The oil stove is fireproof: only the vapors burn inside, not the oil.

Advantages and disadvantages

The use of a wood-burning stove for home and summer cottages (modern version) in many cases has significant advantages:

• Ease of installation and operation.
• Efficiency and economy. A high level of efficiency and careful consumption of firewood is provided by various technological methods, from the shape of the exhaust pipe to the long-term burning mode.
• Fast effect from work. Heat from a working stove spreads quickly, a comfortable temperature is established within half an hour.
• Compactness. Especially valuable quality in small country houses. Such a heater can be installed in any room (if there is a chimney).

Video description

About the stove after two years of use in the following video:

• Multifunctionality. Modern models delight with thoughtful functionality. There are options that can switch to another fuel (coal or waste from the woodworking industry). Many models can be used not only for heating, but also for cooking or heating water.
• Safety.Properly installed (according to the rules of SNiP) furnaces comply with all safety standards, regardless of the design and material of manufacture. Many units have the ability to adjust the combustion or afterburning of gases.
• Appearance. A wood-burning stove can become a decoration of a home. Manufacturers offer options for the interior, decorated in any style. You can purchase a model in a modern, strict and rational design, or in a national one, using spectacular details (up to hand-painted tiles).

Heat resistant tiles

Many consider the disadvantages of wood heating:

• Features of brick ovens. Such designs are famous for being able to retain heat for a long time, which is ideal for a house in which they live permanently (or for a long time). For houses where they spend 1-2 days, the metal version is more suitable.
• The size. A bulky stove will take up a lot of precious space in a small house, a small one may not be able to cope with heating if its capabilities are not designed for spacious housing.
• The complexity of security. An open flame is not only beautiful, but also carries an increased risk of fire, and therefore requires constant attention. Installing the stove on a prepared base and protecting it with metal foxes does not seem to everyone to be a safe enough option.

Wood-burning stove for heating a house with a dedicated place for firewood

• Fuel. Firewood must be of good quality (dry), otherwise the stove will not last long. The wrong firebox also increases costs.
• Additional problems.Not everyone is ready to put up with the fact that firewood takes up too much space, and the stove needs regular (too frequent) cleaning. In some cases, a wood-burning stove becomes not an economical option at all (if the owners forgot that not only firewood costs money, but also their delivery).

Prices for wood stoves

The secret behind the popularity of wood-burning stoves lies in their versatility and variety of offerings. On the market you can find both budget compact options and luxurious units that can decorate the most sophisticated interior. No matter how charming the stove has, constantly throwing firewood into the firebox is a boring task, so more and more owners of country cottages prefer long-burning stoves.

A modern take on the traditional way of heating a home

If you look at the average prices (in the Moscow region), they will look like this:

• Metal ovens. Heating: 5-16 thousand rubles. (depending on design). Heating and cooking: 9-35 thousand rubles. (domestic and imported). Fireplace stove: 20-40 thousand rubles. (may have a plate and a heat exchanger).
• Cast iron: From 20 to 120 thousand rubles, depending on the size and design.
• Furnaces lined with tiles (tiles): 50-80 thousand rubles.
• Stone (from granite to Brazilian sandstone): 60-200 thousand rubles.
• With a water circuit: 20-55 thousand rubles.
• Long-burning furnaces: 15-45 thousand rubles.
• Potbelly stove: 9-16 thousand rubles.

Conclusion

Heating a private house with wood is often the most practical way, affordable and inexpensive. Many are unable to refuse to burn wood because of the special feeling of comfort inherent only in an open flame, which cannot be obtained from heating units operating on other fuels.In any case, wood stoves will continue to warm houses and serve as decorations for a long time to come.

Which stove is better to put in the country

When choosing a heater for stove heating of a country house or a summer house with firewood, several factors are taken into account:

• The area of ​​​​the house is a wood-burning stove, in terms of performance it should correspond to the heated area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building or room, in case heating of a part of the house is required. The calculation of the power of a wood-burning stove for heating an individual country house is performed according to the formula 1 kW = 10 m². If you plan to heat one room by 25 m², a 3 kW stove will be enough. To heat a house of 80 m², you will need an 8-10 kW oven.

The principle of heating - when choosing a suitable model, take into account the features of the operation of the building. For small rooms consisting of one heated room or buildings that are not planned to be heated in a constant mode, a convection oven is chosen. For other buildings, a stove with a built-in water circuit is selected.

Rating of wood stoves for heating summer cottages

Convection and hot water ovens from different manufacturers are presented in several dozen items. Products are produced by domestic and foreign companies.

All popular models of heating equipment can be divided into two types, according to the principle of operation:

• Hot air or convection ovens:
  • Fire battery from Termofor;
• Professor Butakov;

Breneran;

Vesuvius AOGT;

Matrix from Teplodar;

Alaska from Convectic;

Major and Minor from La Nordica;

THORMA Marburg.

Heat generators with built-in water circuit:

• Ermak Thermo Aqua;

Student Hydraulics from Termofor;

J.Corradi Neos;

Stoker Garden.

The list included furnaces that have proven themselves in the conditions of Russian realities, which are popular due to their reasonable cost, reliability and high heat transfer.

wood stove cost

One of the advantages of wood-burning stoves is the simplicity of their design and relatively low cost, which makes it possible to classify heat generators of this type as budget models. Domestic ovens:

• Fire battery from Termofor for 5 kW, will cost 14 thousand rubles.

Ermak Thermo Aqua with a built-in water heating circuit costs 18-20 thousand rubles.

Against the background of inexpensive stoves manufactured by Russian concerns, stoves made in the EU stand out sharply at a high price. The Italian company J.Corradi produces premium products. The Neos model with a built-in water circuit costs between 150-220 thousand rubles.

What kind of wood is better to heat

In order for wood-burning stoves for summer cottages and houses to work for the entire period of operation specified by the manufacturer, it is required to follow the recommendations regarding the choice of fuel:

• Dry firewood, hardwoods are used for the firebox.

Wood with a high resin content should not be used.

Ideal for kindling: beech, oak, alder, acacia.

Replacing firewood with charcoal is strictly prohibited. When burning coal, the welds do not withstand thermal stress, which leads to deformation of the body of the product and loss of tightness.

As an alternative to firewood, stoves can run on fuel briquettes. The combustion temperature in this case is identical to wood, and the heat transfer is slightly higher.

The monthly rate of firewood consumption for heating a house of 100 m², provided that the moisture content of the raw material does not exceed 20% (annual storage), will be 3 m³.Fuel costs will be affected by weather conditions, the principle of operation of the stove and other factors.

A wood-burning stove is an effective solution for heating buildings. The heat efficiency of heat generators with a built-in water heat exchanger is lower than that of solid fuel boilers, but such models are chosen due to their low cost and ease of operation.

Overview of popular models

Table 2. Overview of popular models and their characteristics

Appearance of models	Characteristics
Bavaria series stove from EcoFireplace	This Russian manufacturer has been presenting its products for only a decade and a half, but this was quite enough to establish its high-quality and aesthetic products on the market. In particular, steel and combined fireplace stoves from the Bavaria series with a power of 9-11 kW are very popular. The photo shows a version with a steel body, cast iron stove and tiled cladding, which is able to heat 110 m³ of space. The duration of burning is 5 hours, the consumption of firewood during this time will be 7-7.5 kg.
Fairway Gunther	Another Russian manufacturer specializing in the production of compact cast iron fireplace stoves, which are ideal for country use. In particular, the GUNTER model (Gunther) is presented here, capable of heating a house with an area of ​​140 m² with very modest dimensions of 750 * 750 * 560 mm. Its power is 14 kW, it can work both on wood and on wood briquettes.
JOTUL oven model F 3TD BP	Fireplace stoves from the Norwegian company Jotul (which has been on the market for 150 years) are known and loved all over the world. A huge range of models covers a variety of consumer needs. The rating presents a modest power (7 kW) and very compact (577 * 707 * 484 mm in size and weighing only 106 kg) cast-iron model for giving.It provides for secondary afterburning of fuel, self-cleaning of glass and the ability to connect a chimney both from above and from behind. It can heat a room with a volume of 60 m³. On a note! This manufacturer gives a 10-year warranty on its ovens, while Russian-made models have a maximum of 5 years.
Tim Sistem, Model Alma Mons	The Serbian manufacturer of metal stoves Tim Sistem is well known not only in Europe but also abroad. In our rating, we present the ALMA MONS model (R - with red lining, but there are options with black and white design), capable of heating up to 180 m³ of living space. It has not only a hob, but also an oven. The top and door of the furnace are cast iron, but the body is made of sheet steel, painted with heat-resistant enamel. On the hob there are three burners, at the bottom there is a convenient box for storing firewood. By removing or installing an additional grate, the volume of the firebox can increase or decrease accordingly. This oven is designed not so much for heating as for cooking, therefore it has enlarged dimensions 925 * 800 * 550 mm at a power of 6 kW. Weighs only 80 kg.
GreiVari Model 1.100 Screen	Another model of a Russian manufacturer, designed not only for heating, but also for cooking and heating food. Made of steel, has a power of 10 kW, which makes it possible to heat up to 130 m³ of room air. It provides for different modes of heat transfer - not only intensive, but also economical. It can work on all types of wood fuel, and if the firebox is fully loaded, it continuously operates up to 5 hours.
Termofor Germa	The steel stove Germa from the Russian manufacturer Termofor, with dimensions of 450 * 645 * 1080 mm, is capable of heating at least 250 m³ of air volume.The hob is small in size, but there is a recess in the form of an open oven, in which a kettle or dishes with food can remain hot for a long time. The stove has a large capacious firebox with a volume of 125 liters, an impressive power of 13 kW.

Here is a far from complete list of manufacturers of fireplace stoves, whose products are present on the Russian market. Among them are many domestic brands that produce models that are very worthy in terms of characteristics and external performance. And everything would be fine. Yes, only buyers are alarmed by the ridiculously small warranty period of one year, which is determined by some of our manufacturers. For Chinese teapots - and even then the guarantee is longer.

Overview of the best models

Zota Mix (Zota Mix)

A simple and easy-to-use device that runs on coal, wood, electricity and natural gas. Equipped with an X-shaped heat exchanger, an additional removable door in the front panel area and an ash collection box. The body is painted with heat-resistant paint.

• Power - 20 kW;
• dimensions - 580x425x1060 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 35 l;
• price - 39200 rubles.

Termofor Hydraulic Engineer with heating element 12 kW

Structural steel was used to manufacture the body parts of the furnace, the door is made of cast iron and has a glass insert for visual control of the fuel combustion process.

The coolant is heated in convective pipes from the heat generated during the combustion of flue gases and fuel. The furnace is equipped with a thermomanometer that allows you to control the level of pressure and temperature of the water circuit.

Characteristics:

• Power - 26 kW;
• heating area - up to 250 m²;
• dimensions - 440x800x920 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 122 l;
• price - 29705 rubles.

Teplodar Kupper model OVK-10

Economy class device equipped with a hob, built-in heating element for 220 kW. The door is sealed with a special gasket made of silica material.

• Power - 10 kW;
• heating area - up to 100 m²;
• dimensions - 340x500x740 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 18 l;
• price - 20166 rubles.

Teplodar Kupper OVK 18

Kotoya is equipped with complete flame extinguishing in the tube sheet, additional heat exchanger for hot water. The furnace capacity can be adjusted manually or automatically.

• Power - 18 kW;
• heating area - up to 100 m²;
• dimensions - 745x422x645 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 20 l;
• there is a cooking stove;
• price - 24780 rubles.

Dobrynya 18

A small stove designed for heating and heating hot water. Efficiency not less than 75%.

• Power - 18 kW;
• heating area - up to 180 m²;
• dimensions - 460x830x810 mm;
• depth of the combustion chamber - 50 cm;
• price - 20580 rubles.

Teplodar Kupper Carbo 18

The equipment of the furnace includes built-in heating elements, a thermostat and a manometric sensor, a cast-iron grate, and a convenient ash drawer.

• Power - 18 kW;
• heating area - up to 180 m²;
• dimensions - 855x495x715 mm;
• Efficiency - 80%;
• price - 35930 rubles.

Termofor Hydraulic Student with heating element 9 kW

The furnace body is made of structural steel, the door is cast iron with glass. The equipment of the device includes a tubular electric heater and an ash box, the walls of the firebox are shielded.

• Power - 16 kW;
• heating area - up to 150 m²;
• dimensions - 370x720x770 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 70 l;
• price - 22995 rubles.

Kupper PRO 22 Teplodar

A combined type oven that can work on one load of firewood for up to 8 hours, then the temperature is maintained using built-in heating elements.

• Power - 22 kW;
• heating area - up to 220 m²;
• dimensions - 855x485x670 mm;
• Efficiency - 85%;
• price - 25464 rubles.

Breneran AQUATEN AOTV-19 t04

Powerful and practical unit connected to an open type heating system with natural circulation.

• Power - 35 kW;
• heating area - up to 1000 m²;
• dimensions - 1500x800x1700 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 200 l;
• price - 56650 rubles.

Zota Master 20 KOTV (Zota Master 20)

The boiler runs on coal or wood, and is additionally equipped with heating elements or a gas burner.

• Power - 20 kW;
• heating area - up to 200 m²;
• dimensions - 8200x440x760 mm;
• the volume of the combustion chamber - 40 l;
• price - 28775 rubles.

Wood burning stove

The lack of gasification in many settlements of Russia forces them to use alternative options for heating their homes. Electric heating is one of the most expensive options. If the task is to heat a country house 1-2 times a month, then you can still put up with it, since consumers are captivated by the simplicity of such heating systems. If you need to heat the same house on an ongoing basis, then heating will result in huge amounts - the larger the area, the greater the costs.

Liquid boilers are not widely used, as they are characterized by many disadvantages. Firstly, you need to buy diesel fuel somewhere, and in large quantities - it's cheaper. Secondly, it is necessary to store the purchased fuel somewhere. And thirdly, the smell of diesel fuel will gradually spread throughout the heated dwelling. Although this option has its advantages - liquid boilers can operate automatically and do not require special care.

For the safety of firewood, it is necessary to build a special firewood shed.

The cheapest thing to heat with firewood - a whole truckload of firewood is quite cheap. And in some cases, solid fuel can be obtained for free. For example, you can chop wood in the nearest forest or heat the stove with some kind of wood waste. Wood-burning heating stoves for the home can reduce the cost of heating buildings that are not connected to gas mains. But this method of heating has its own characteristics:

• You need to find a place to store firewood - several cubic meters of wood may be required for one winter period. Moreover, firewood should be stored in places where atmospheric precipitation does not fall;
• Wood-burning stoves need regular cleaning - it is necessary to clean the ash pans from ash and chimneys from soot accumulating there;
• A wood-burning stove does not know how to work in automatic mode - therefore, the cares for adjusting the temperature and laying new portions of firewood fall on the shoulders of homeowners.

However, wood-burning heating stoves for the home are an ideal economical option for heating suburban housing if there is no gas. For example, if you bought a vacation home in a country house, you won't have to think about the costly installation of a gas pipeline - just install a solid fuel stove here.

As for dacha associations, gas is rare in them - it is not particularly needed here. But many people, unable to buy housing in the city, willingly settle in dachas (especially if they are located close to the city limits). Wood-burning stoves for summer cottages will be excellent tools for heating small country houses. Here are the benefits of this approach:

Wood-burning stoves will perfectly fit into the interior of country houses.

• Stoves for summer cottages are cheap, which reduces the cost of purchasing equipment;
• Heating stoves for summer cottages are installed in a matter of hours - it is more difficult to mount a chimney than to install a stove;
• Wood stoves are ideal for heating small one-room country houses.

Heating stoves for wood-fired cottages can be represented by options for heating two rooms at once. And some of them are designed to connect water heating systems. However, this will be discussed further.

Wood-fired heating stoves for the home will also delight romantics who love to listen to the crackling of firewood or look at the flame. Especially for such people, fireplace-type models equipped with glass windows are produced. Such fireplace stoves combine a decorative function, decorating a home, and a heating function.

Models and manufacturers of ovens

Before you buy an inexpensive stove for a wood-fired home, you should get acquainted with the features of products from well-known manufacturers. In this case, it will be easier to navigate the assortment offered in the store, the advantages and disadvantages of individual models.

Buleryan

A furnace with a similar design was first developed in Canada. It is characterized by simplicity of design and high performance.

The cylindrical firebox is made of steel having a thickness of 5 - 6 mm. The furnace door is located on the front side. Hollow pipes with a round or rectangular cross section are welded to the body. After warming up the furnace, the air in the pipes heats up, providing an active convection process.

The grate is located inside the chamber at the bottom of the cylinder. There is a partition in the upper part, dividing the firebox into two parts.The first is for laying firewood, the second is for post-combustion of pyrolysis gas. The chimney is located on the opposite side of the door and goes inside the combustion chamber. This contributes to the fact that the combustion products formed in the depths of the main chamber return to the front wall, and then rise to the top and enter the chimney.

Buleryan - time-tested quality

Butakov's furnaces

The patented model has shown good results in harsh climatic conditions. Under this trademark, several models are produced, with different technical characteristics:

Model	power, kWt	Weight, kg	Volume of internal space, cubes
Student	9	70	150
Engineer	15	113	250
Docent	25	164	500
Professor	40	235	1000
Academician	55	300	1200

Butakova - reliability and durability

Breneran

Russian analogue of the Canadian model, manufactured according to European technology. Available in several models:

Model	power, kWt	Heated area, squares	Weight, kg
AOT-6	6	40	56
AOT-11	11	80	105
AOT-14	14	160	145
AOT-16	27	240	205
AOT-19	35	400	260

Continuous furnaces can be equipped with glass doors. Connection to a water circuit is allowed. However, unlike its foreign counterpart, such equipment has insufficient tightness of the smoke fitting, which can cause condensate to enter the room.

Breneran - the Russian analogue of Buleryan

Teplodar

Products of a well-known Russian manufacturer. Differs in high efficiency thanks to carefully thought over design. Compact size and light weight. You can choose a long burning stove for a garage or home with suitable characteristics.

Teplodar Matrix-200 is relevant for rooms with an area of ​​up to 200 square meters. Siberia provides fast heating of the room.The T series models will be the best choice for the garage. For the kitchen, it is better to purchase a heating and cooking stove-fireplace Vertical

Teplodar Matrix-200 is a good choice

Vesuvius

Russian development. Such long-burning wood-burning stoves for a bathhouse, a summer residence or a country house can be the best solution. Often used for heating outbuildings. The choice of model is influenced by the purpose of the room for which it is purchased. They provide uniform heating due to a special design: pipes are welded into the furnace through which heated air passes.

Vesuvius for uniform heating of the house

Termofor

Domestic development for any home. Several models are produced under this trademark:

• Germa;
• Cinderella;
• Indigirka;
• Normal;
• Fire battery.

Furnaces can be used for heating various premises with an internal volume of 50-250 m³. Their power varies from 4 to 13 kW.

Thermophore in brown

Ermak

Heating equipment, having a small size and a classic design. Robust housing protects from harmful infrared rays. This is the best solution for a small country house.

The principle of operation of the Ermak furnace

Advantages and disadvantages of stoves

The advantages of such equipment include:

• economic benefit, availability of fuel;
• safe operation, based on the presence of draft and the outflow of exhaust gases from the room, since the operation of the gas generator is based on the influx of air masses;
• ease of maintenance and operation, long-term operation with a full load of fuel;
• compactness, modern design, thanks to which stoves can be installed in any room where they can be a great addition to the interior;
• ovens are compact and light weight;
• they do not need to build a foundation;
• efficiency indicators are very high - 75-80%;
• one bookmark of fuel allows the furnace to work up to 10 hours;
• fuel is consumed very efficiently and economically;
• the ability to adjust the level of combustion;
• during the addition of new fuel, combustion processes can not be interrupted;
• these furnaces will last you a lifetime (models made of cast iron can be operated for more than 50 years);
• ideal ratio of low cost and excellent quality;
• the impact of combustion emissions on nature is minimal.

Flaws:

• an efficient smoke exhaust system is required;
• the impossibility of clear control over the temperature regime;
• rapid heating, as a result of which the air in the greenhouse can become dry.

Choosing a boiler

After you have decided on the fuel that will use the solid fuel heating of a country house, you should choose a boiler. Conventionally, solid fuel boilers can be divided into the following groups:

1. classic;
2. automatic;
3. pyrolysis;
4. prolonged burning.

Classic boilers

Classical boilers imply the following principle of operation: solid fuel burns in a flame in order to get heat, as is the case with an ordinary fire. Combustion is optimized by a special grate in order to supply combustion air from below. And the amount of this air is regulated by the settings of the scraper and the supply of air mass to the combustion chamber manually. Fuel is loaded through the top door, and the ash is removed and combustion is regulated through the bottom one. The boiler heat exchanger can be made of steel or cast iron.The advantages of classic boilers: the ability to operate on 2 types of fuel (minimum), often it is also possible to mount a gas or liquid fuel burner, independence from energy. Among the disadvantages: frequent loading of fuel is required, a place to store fuel and a separate room for the boiler room are also needed.

Classic solid fuel boiler

Pyrolysis boilers

Pyrolysis boilers - used for combustion gases from the decomposition of fuel. This is due to the action of high temperature with insufficient air. The structure of the boiler includes two chambers, which are separated by grates: the lower one for loading and the combustion chamber.

The combustion process here is as follows: the fuel is laid and ignited, the combustion chamber door closes. A blower fan is activated in the upper chamber, which serves to mix the smoldering air of the lower chamber with clean air. The mixture begins to ignite and directs fire through ceramic nozzles to the fuel. Without access to oxygen, the fuel is burned - this is how pyrolysis happens, that is, decomposition and gasification of the fuel. So, the process will continue until the fuel is completely burned. This is how solid fuel heating works. Advantages of pyrolysis boilers: high efficiency (up to 90%), fuel burns on one load up to 10 hours, reduced requirements for the chimney, high level of environmental friendliness. Disadvantages: high cost, dependence on energy, unstable combustion at partial load, very high requirements for the dryness of firewood, etc.

pyrolysis boiler

Automatic boilers

Automatic boilers - processes such as fuel loading and ash removal are automated here. In boilers of this type there is a bunker for automatic fuel supply - conveyor or screw.For combustion to be stable, the fuel must be uniform in composition and size. The advantages of such boilers: high efficiency (up to 85%), duration of operation, limited capacity of the hopper designed for automatic feeding, and fuel homogeneity provide the ability to fine-tune the combustion process. Among the disadvantages: high price, dependence on energy, the need for a separate room, a separate fireproof ash collector, as well as qualified service.

Automatic solid fuel boiler

Long burning boilers

Another type of boilers that uses solid fuel heating of a country house is long-burning boilers. Here, long-term combustion is maintained by special techniques. Such combustion can be provided by two systems: the Canadian system of boilers Buleryan and the Baltic system Stropuva. Buleryan is a two-chamber wood burning stove, which is divided horizontally. Smoldering takes place below, the gases go to the upper chamber, where they mix with secondary air through the jet, after which the fuel is burned. Stropuva is a high barrel up to 3 m high, filled with firewood and covered with a movable lid with a chimney. First, firewood is set on fire, after which they burn economically, heating the heat carrier along the barrel jacket, the air supply is regulated automatically.

Long burning boiler