Video surveillance for home and garden: how to take into account all the nuances and put the camera in the best way

Video surveillance for a private house: Selection of equipment and specifications

To solve the assigned tasks of controlling the territory. Two types of cameras will be used.

Linovision IPC-VEC8242PF-EI (for points 1 - 4) - characteristics:

• matrix 1.3 mPix;
• H.264 video compression;
• video signal quality: at 25-30 frames per second - 720 TV lines with a resolution (1280 × 720); at 15 frames per second resolution (1280×960);
• support for day-night mode, IR illumination at a distance of up to 20-40 m;
• hermetic case with protection class IP66;
• lightning protection up to 4000 V;
• power supply - direct current 12V;
• operating temperature range -10°C~+50°C, humidity up to 90%;
• software compatibility with Windows, Android, iOS, MacOS.

Linovision IPC-VEC7153PF-E - for mounting at point 5:

• matrix 2 mPix;
• video signal at 25-30 frames per second has Full HD quality;
• anti-vandal (class IK10) sealed (class IP66) case;
• the ability to install microSD with a memory capacity of up to 32 GB.

The rest of the parameters are the same as for Linovision IPC-VEC8242PF-EI.

Obviously, the installation will consist of two parts. The main node in the house and an additional, remote in the garage. To install switching and power equipment, use a metal mounting cabinet of a suitable size.

Garage
10 amp input machine.

500W uninterruptible power supply. Ensures system performance in case of pulsed oscillations and absence of light. Additional use is possible if there is an automatic gate opening mechanism.

Switcher for collecting and transmitting the incoming video signal from 2 cameras.

PoE Spliter power supply with distribution to several outputs.

House
The switching cabinet located in the house has equipment for the same purpose. The D-Link switch, in addition to collecting information from 3 cameras located on the house, receives a signal from a similar device in the garage. Power is supplied to the cameras from separate blocks. It is also allowed to place additional provider equipment, provided that it is used to transmit a signal to remote mobile devices.

CCTV CAMERAS FOR PRIVATE HOUSE

It is worth noting that there are no specific priorities when choosing a video surveillance camera for a private house. Therefore, it would be advisable to consider several main types and types of video cameras and features of their application depending on the goals and objectives of the system.

Analog cameras. Not afraid to seem like a retrograde, I note that for a private house their choice seems to be preferable. This is determined by the following features of such cameras:

• ease of installation, configuration and maintenance;
• reliability in operation;
• relatively low price.

If we talk about the resolution of such video cameras, then today the consumer is offered technologies that provide HD quality cameras, which is quite sufficient to build an effective video surveillance system at almost any facility.

IP cameras. Of course, it would be unwise to ignore network technologies. This is especially true in cases where it is required to build wireless systems or organize remote access to CCTV cameras via the Internet.

It's about technology. Now a few words about performance.

For indoor installation, any option is suitable. Nevertheless, you can see the material about the features of indoor surveillance cameras.

On the street, it is better to install a video camera with a varifocal (adjustable focal length) lens. There are two reasons for this:

• this allows finer adjustment of the image size;
• you will not have problems if you need to change the view area.

Also for a private house, general questions of the correct choice of video cameras are relevant.

  *  *  *

2014-2020All rights reserved. The site materials are for informational purposes only and cannot be used as guidelines or normative documents.

How to place CCTV cameras in a private house: layout

Before buying all the necessary equipment, you will have to draw up a plan of your site, as well as mark areas on it that require increased control. It is necessary to cover all possible ways for intruders to enter the house or yard. Based on this, marks are made on the plan for the location of a certain number of cameras.

Remember that when drawing up a plan for the location of filming devices, it is necessary to provide them with room for review. No objects, including plants, should block them, otherwise the protection will not be effective at all. Also consider the viewing angle of the device. So, for example, cameras with a low angle can be placed opposite the gate, entrance or garage door.

At the same time, the DVR that records data from the cameras must be stored in a place with limited access so that outsiders cannot interfere with its smooth operation. The right plan will help determine not only the number of cameras, but also the length of cable needed to connect the entire system. Alternatively, you can install wireless cameras to make the calculations much easier.

Where to install cameras on the site

Where to put the cameras on the site is a purely individual matter, but it is important to make sure that they are installed correctly. First, think about what kind of terrain you want to control

After that, draw or print a yard map to correctly position the devices, as well as reduce material costs.

First, think about what kind of terrain you want to control.After that, draw or print a yard map to properly position the devices, as well as reduce material costs.

Monitoring should be carried out for the following objects:

• entrance to the courtyard and dwelling;
• entrances to utility rooms;
• car parking or garage;
• borders with neighboring yards;
• valuable objects.

Valuable objects include a small playground, an alpine slide, a vegetable garden, items for outdoor activities, etc.

There is simply no universal installation scheme that fits any home, so the devices should be positioned so that they fix the penetration into your yard from all sides.

This can be achieved by installing cameras at the four corners of the house, as well as several devices inside the yard. At the same time, you should think over the arrangement in advance so that the equipment does not shoot the same area.

If you have problems with the correct arrangement of devices on the site, then it is better to contact a specialist. It will help you efficiently arrange everything so that you get the maximum view of the territory.

Video surveillance in a private house

The owners of a private house have the right to install cameras on their territory. At the same time, the placement of video equipment should not violate the rights of neighbors.

Private house for two owners

In this case, the cameras can be installed only in agreement with the neighbors. If there is no agreement, this issue can be resolved in court by filing a civil lawsuit. When placing a set of equipment, its coverage area should not capture the windows and doors of other home owners.

Surveillance of the territory adjacent to the house

A part of the adjacent street may fall into the view of CCTV cameras of a private house.

Videcam. Source

It is recommended to obtain written consent from the owners of neighboring houses for the installation of video equipment. The equipment must be installed in such a way that the following conditions are met:

1. Cameras should not be hidden. The placement of such equipment is illegal and contrary to the provisions of Art. 137 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
2. In the surveillance zone there should not be neighboring houses and buildings belonging to other owners.
3. Only the owner of the private house who installed them should have access to cameras and video materials.
4. In order not to violate the law “On Personal Data”, it is necessary to place signs with a warning about video surveillance in the shooting area.

If these conditions are met, the owner of the surveillance system will be protected from the claims of neighbors.

Accessories for video surveillance system

CCTV Cameras:

• on black and white - 383 - 420 TV lines, high 560 - 570 TV lines;
• on color - 283 - 350 TV lines,
• for high color resolution - up to 460 TV lines;
• for a camera with digital processing - up to 560 TV lines;
• sensitivity for black and white video cameras - 0.4–0.01 lux; on highly sensitive up to 0.00015 lux; on color 0.23 lux;
• the size of the matrix does not affect the image quality in any way, the most popular values ​​are 1/2, 1/3, 1/4;
• the focal length of the lens should be 2.8–5.0 mm;
• to observe distant objects 28.0–75.0 mm or more.

Design for writing

In this case, the human eye sees 24 frames per second, and the video camera - 25 frames.

This parameter is calculated according to the number of installed cameras.

So, with four cameras, the number of frames drops to 15 frames per second for each.

Recording can be scheduled and the camera will turn on at certain hours.

Monitor

The main characteristics that you should pay attention to are the diagonal, which often depends on the number of installed cameras:

• from 1 to 2 cameras - up to 15 inches;
• 4 cameras - 17 inches;
• 9 cameras - 19-22 inches;
• 16 cameras - 22-40 inches;
• 20 cameras - over 32 inches.

The most popular are models with HD resolution of 1600 × 1200 pixels.

Feeder

The most optimal use of stabilized power supplies, who work for the basis of a typical integrated stabilizer. Video equipment requires 12 V voltage. One such power supply is capable of providing energy from 4 to 8 cameras.

Software

• Xprotect corporate - the most simplified installation process and options, more than 3000 modifications of video cameras are compatible with the program.
• Ben Software Security Spy, which you can try for free for free, includes a smart incident capture function, and a 10-second recording buffer. allow you to securely fix them to increase the convenience of analysis.
• Zoneminder for Linux platforms - a built-in motion detector that automatically starts recording and sends notifications by e-mail.
• Axxon Next - selection of incidents by listing a conditional line, selection with an indicator of the color of the object and taking into account the period of presence in the specified area.

Helpful Tips

If you need to monitor the entrance, high-resolution front cameras are the best option. For example, the front door can be equipped with a peephole camera.In the process of placing CCTV cameras on the territory, it is necessary to be extremely careful and think over everything correctly. In this case, it will be possible to minimize the impact of negative factors. Such equipment must be reliably protected from bad environmental influences.

Cameras should be mounted in places where potential intruders will not notice them. It is also worth considering protection from vandals. Today on the market you can find special cameras that are equipped with anti-vandal casings. For a home video surveillance system in a country house, you definitely need the possibility of night shooting. Models with infrared illumination are unlikely to be able to cope with such a task.

In addition, you need to pay attention to the following important details

In the process of installing the DVR outdoors, it is worth remembering that the power supplies are not designed for outdoor use. That is why it is necessary to ensure their reliable protection with the help of special sealed containers.
Protect the camera from bad weather and direct sunlight. The device should be located in such a way that the lighting is as uniform as possible.
Before the final installation, you need to make sure that the camcorder works stably and shows the entire required area

Only then can the device be firmly screwed on.
To monitor the local area, day-night cameras are considered ideal options, which automatically change the mode depending on the level of illumination of the area.
The camera lens needs to be wiped from time to time from dust and dirt, which can cause a fuzzy picture.
When laying the cable, fire safety regulations must be taken into account.
Integration possibilities. If you want to turn an ordinary video surveillance system into a security one, you can independently integrate motion detectors and alert devices into it.

When motion is detected, they will send an SMS message to the mobile phone or application about unauthorized access.

If a video capture card is used, then it is best to install software from the manufacturer on the PC. Third-party programs very often crash due to incompatibility or other errors. If you have the Internet and wireless networks, you can organize a broadcast on your smartphone. To do this, install special software on a PC or simply connect directly to the camcorder. Most manufacturers release applications for smartphones where you can create a personal account and monitor all your cameras.

For indoor installation, you can use miniature cameras that are equipped with a microphone, so that sound is also available. Some advanced models also boast a swivel mechanism that allows you to remotely point the lens in the desired direction. Thus, the process of creating a video surveillance system in a country house includes many nuances. The main thing is to correctly determine the optimal places for mounting the camera and correctly choose the devices themselves.

How to install a video surveillance system in a private house, see the video below.

Types of CCTV cameras

• external - used on the street;
• internal - mounted indoors.

dome camera

These are innovative cameras for video surveillance, which house a complex panoramic view. They are placed in rooms and in open places. The shell of such equipment is made in a hemispherical shape, it is strong and protects the lens from external influences, and in addition, it prevents unexpected changes in settings when cleaning.

Depending on the conditions and place of application, dome models are:

• HD - for interior spaces;
• AHD - video recorder for street surveillance.

Such cameras are equipped with IR illumination, which is located around the lens and can illuminate the area up to 150 m. This allows you to keep the situation in the house and on the street under complete control. Installation of such a camera is carried out on any horizontal surface at a point that provides a maximum overview of the surveillance area. They are produced in a wide range in various price categories.

Box cameras

Convenient for installation, but a little more complicated in design and settings than dome ones. They have a large angle of rotation in different planes. Box cameras have the same characteristics as dome cameras, but they have a different shape and mounting method. In addition, it is a relatively inexpensive video surveillance system for the home.

Cylindrical chamber

This is a miniature video equipment for surveillance, the overall dimensions of which are very advantageous from competitors. Such cameras are mainly installed indoors, but there are also outdoor models. This modification is selected when a hidden external video surveillance for private at home.They are very compact and have a convenient form for flush mounting, which is more complicated, but the camera itself does not present any difficulties in operation.

Swivel

Such a video camera is used in areas where it is necessary to view a large area. The rate of change of position is between 70 and 200 degrees per second.

Video surveillance for a private house: the composition of the system

After you have decided on the tasks and the number of cameras, you can select the rest of the equipment. Required:

1. Outdoor and indoor video cameras (with or without infrared illumination).
2. DVR. A device for receiving and recording images from cameras. The number of channels is equal to (or greater than) the number of cameras.
3. Hard disk (memory size depends on how many days you need to store information).
4. Camera power supply (selected depending on power consumption).

Security video surveillance for the home: the composition of the equipment

This is something without which video surveillance for a private house cannot exist. True, you can do without a hard drive. When using IP cameras, you can organize the sending of information to one of the cloud servers (if you have a stationary dedicated IP address). But for free, you can store a small amount of information on them, and to increase it, you need to purchase additional space. But there is always the possibility of access to the archive and there is no danger that intruders breaking into the house will take away the hard drive with information, which makes video surveillance for a private house useless.

The main thing is to correctly place the cameras and determine their parameters

In addition, you will need some materials for installation:

• To connect the cameras, you will need a twisted pair with transceivers or a coaxial cable.
• Cable for power connection (ShVVP or PVS).
• Platforms for installing cameras, a corrugated sleeve in which wires are laid, contactors for connecting wires, etc.).

This is a set of devices and materials so that you can make video surveillance for a private house with your own hands.

Additional elements of the system

There are several other devices that the system can exist without, but they make it more reliable (UPS) and more comfortable (monitor and modem). An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is the first thing to buy if your budget allows. It ensures the operation of the system during a power outage. It is selected depending on the power consumed by the system and the time of maximum shutdown. On this point, it is better not to save, and take reliable equipment.

Video surveillance system with Internet access and remote access to information

You may also need a monitor and a modem with the ability to transmit a signal over the Internet. The monitor allows you to view the image from the cameras in real time, and not just in the recording. A modem (ADSL router) is needed if you want to view pictures from cameras remotely - via the Internet.

Wired or wireless

Few people want to pull wires around the site to all devices. It makes you want to install a wireless video surveillance system for your house or cottage. But behind the ease of installation lies a very low reliability. Conventional devices that support this work at a small distance.In addition, the presence of any atmospheric phenomena - a thunderstorm, a storm, bursts in the sun, nearby devices that interfere with your range - can greatly affect or even interfere with the operation of the system.

If possible, it is better to pull the wires - more reliable

If you have even the slightest opportunity, it is better to consider wired systems. If you really can’t do anything with wires, look for reliable transceivers with a high signal level and a long range of reliable reception.

Camera Varieties

Consider the types of cameras that allow them to be mounted in one place or another. It's about form and function.

Dome

This option can be found in supermarkets. A small transparent hemisphere attached to the ceiling, inside of which there is a camera with sensors. Also in some variations there is an additional backlight or an IR sensor.

The main difference of this variation is the possibility of vertical rotation by 180° and horizontal rotation by 360°. The device is made in such a way that it needs to be mounted in a certain plane in order to get the maximum amount of information.

For this reason, it is important to choose a suitable location, because if you put it under the roof canopy, then the 360 ​​° rotation will be useless. It is also worth noting that the dome camera is installed in open areas where its efficiency is maximum.

Cabinet

This is a common version of the camera "on the leg", which is installed both outdoors and indoors. The case version has a fixed viewing angle, and also requires the installation of a special protective casing to protect it from moisture and frost.

The advantage of this device is that it can be installed in any available place, be it a pole or a corner of the house. This technique has good scaling, but its viewing angle leaves much to be desired.

If you want to provide video surveillance of a large area, then you will need a lot of such cameras, so the case version is more suitable for corridor passages, as well as for monitoring distant objects.

Cylindrical

These are mini-cameras that are very difficult to see when properly positioned. They are suitable for hidden shooting of objects, and are also installed in places where a large visible camera can be broken.

The lens of the cylindrical device is similar in structure and size to the mobile version that is installed in smartphones. This does not allow you to shoot high-quality wide-angle video, which is worth remembering when buying.

The cylindrical version is difficult to mount, but in terms of functionality and recording, this is a standard video surveillance camera without unnecessary drawbacks. It can be compared with the case variation, but smaller. At the same time, there is no possibility of turning the device or setting a continuous movement program.

Swivel

This option combines the advantages of body and dome cameras. You can mount the PTZ camera anywhere, and the motion program allows it to capture video of a fixed area while moving. The device is not devoid of scaling, which allows you to stop the movement in time and bring the object closer.

A PTZ camera, if properly installed, can replace 2-3 body variations, as it will allow you to monitor a vast area.Also, the swivel mechanism can be programmed to suit your needs, which eliminates the shooting of dead corners or walls.

CHOICE OF VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

The choice of equipment for a video surveillance system for a private house includes two main activities:

• choice of surveillance cameras;
• choice of recording method.

The video cameras planned for installation should provide a sufficient degree of image detail, the method for choosing them is the same, both for a private house and for other objects.

There remains the question of recording - displaying video information. For a private house, it is probably worth stopping at a video recorder. Modern models of these devices have a fairly wide range of functionality, up to remote access.

As for which video surveillance to choose - analog, IP, wired or wireless, here you should familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of each system.

???? Video camera requirements

Do I need to hang a sign "Video surveillance is underway" when installing a camera in the house? Such a requirement is not established by law, but video filming cannot be hidden. This is a prerequisite.

Special technical means for covert visual surveillance and for masking the camera cannot be used: this possibility is provided only for police officers during operational-search activities - on the basis of; .

How to force a neighbor to turn off a hammer drill
Read

How to deal with neighbors who listen to loud music
More

Illegal redevelopment by neighbors
Watch

❗ Draw conclusions

Thus, the legislation does not prohibit the installation of a video camera in the entrance to protect the rights and freedoms of a citizen and protect his property. Installation of a CCTV camera available to any tenant. But when installing a video camera, citizens should not violate the rights of neighbors to the inviolability of their homes. The main requirement for the installation site of the camera is that it should not be directed at the door of the neighbors, otherwise they may require the camera to be dismantled in court. The question of the need to obtain consent for video filming from the neighbors is controversial. Judicial practice on this issue is heterogeneous: some courts consider such consent necessary, others allow installation without consent.