Ventilation cleaning equipment: varieties + how to choose the best on the market

The frequency of cleaning activities

According to the requirements of sanitary standards, cleaning of ventilation systems is carried out according to the following schedules:

• offices, shopping centers and administrative buildings - annual cleaning of channels;
• industrial premises - at least 2 times a year;
• healthcare and public catering organizations - 1 time in 3 months (quarter);
• kindergartens, schools and other educational institutions - twice a year.

Maintenance of air ducts in the production hall

The standards do not impose strict requirements on the frequency of cleaning work in residential apartment buildings and private cottages. On the other hand, the check of draft in chimneys and vertical shafts should be carried out by a specialized organization three times during the year, which is not done in practice.

For the owners of apartments and private houses, we recommend that you clean the channels annually, a maximum of 1 time in 2 years. Moreover, the outlet pipe, the fan and the kitchen hood umbrella are easily serviced with their own hands.

Dismantling and cleaning such an air duct is not difficult

1 The dangers of dirty ventilation

During use, air conditioning ducts tend to become covered with grease and dust. In combination with the accumulated condensate, a strong layer of dirt forms on their walls.

Various viruses and parasites can hide in it, so it is important to remove it regularly.

Pathogenic organisms that accumulate in this plaque have a negative effect on people in the room. This influence is especially strong if air conditioning is installed in a residential apartment or at a place of permanent work. Inhaling poorly purified or even contaminated air, a person may feel unwell, begin to experience weakness, he may have a headache. But these are still relatively minor consequences compared to the diseases that can be caught.

After that, microorganisms will actively multiply.

In addition to germs and diseases, there is another danger. A large amount of dust is an ideal source of fire. One spark or focused sunlight is enough to start a fire. Even if this does not lead to a fire, people's homes or offices will be filled with suffocating, acrid smoke.

Since dirty ventilation brings with it many dangers and harms, all operations related to its cleaning are regulated by legislative acts. Such disinfection should be carried out by specialists using the necessary tools and cleaning agents.

Basic ventilation functions

It is important to have an idea about the purpose of the ventilation system, as well as to understand what parameters and characteristics it has. Ventilation located in the room performs a number of functions:

Ventilation located in the room performs a number of functions:

1. Evacuation of exhausted, polluted air and supply of new air from the street. In some situations, purification, ionization, cooling and heating of the air mass occurs.
2. Various impurities and odors are removed from the room. This has a positive effect on the well-being and performance of people in the room.

The air exchange system is able to fully cope with its functions when it is perfectly clean. For this purpose, regular cleaning is necessary. It will increase the efficiency of equipment and eliminate the possible occurrence of allergic reactions in people due to the accumulation of dust and various impurities.

There are small particles of dirt and debris in the air that enter the ventilation duct. In the absence of regular cleaning, they form deposits that reduce the internal cross section of the duct

Air duct cleaning technology

In fact, the cleaning of ventilation ducts and air ducts takes place in two stages. At the first, an inspection of the internal surfaces is carried out in order to assess the degree of contamination of the mine. For this, special equipment is used, equipped with cameras and small spotlights.

The image is displayed on the screen of a computer or other equipment, thanks to which the operator can assess the front of the upcoming work. Additionally, garbage samples are taken for subsequent analysis for the presence of pathogenic organisms.

At the second stage of the event, cleaning work is directly carried out, the course of which depends on the chosen cleaning method. When mechanically cleaning the vertical channels of a residential building, specialists run a cable with a weight and a special brush into the shaft, which effectively removes deposits and large blockages from the walls of the air duct. Before connecting special equipment, workers close the valves, inlets and outlets of the ventilation system.

If vacuum units are used during the cleaning process, they are connected to one of the duct outlets. After that, the cleaning procedure begins, which may include only mechanical action or also the use of chemical detergents.

Special equipment for cleaning air ducts makes it possible to really well remove all possible rubbish from the ventilation system. Therefore, the effectiveness of professional cleaning is much higher than simple household cleaning of ventilation ducts using improvised means.

If necessary, after cleaning, disinfection is carried out by means selected by a specialist.These can be preparations based on peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide or other agents that neutralize pathogens.

Care of ventilation products

Ventilation is a very important system, which determines what kind of atmosphere will be in the premises, and at the same time it affects the performance and well-being of people. It is important not only to carry out competent installation in accordance with the available parameters, but also to ensure proper care of the equipment.

Its durability and performance, as well as the safety of use, depend on this. Care consists in periodic cleaning, because otherwise a lot of dust and blockages will accumulate in the ventilation shafts, which will not allow clean air to enter the rooms. It can also be very dangerous, because the slightest spark can set the whole system on fire, and if it is multi-channel, it will lead to a fire in the entire building.

Therefore, periodic and proper maintenance of the entire system is considered a priority for every building owner.

All work can be done independently, since it is only important to purchase a standard set of equipment, which can be automatic or manual. It is necessary to carry out cleaning at a certain point in time, and if there are filters in the system, then they should either be cleaned or completely replaced with new products

Repair of equipment is not required so often if quality units have been purchased.Any problems usually arise either after a very long service life, or with poor-quality maintenance, or with improper handling of the main elements of the entire system as a whole. If you treat ventilation correctly and responsibly, then it will last a long time without problems.

Features of the ventilation system

Through the ventilation ducts, not only dust, but also microbes, allergens, mold organisms, and fungus spores leave. Over time, they settle on the inside of the ventilation, from where they spread throughout the room. In addition, a dusty net is a conductor of fire and a source of suffocating burning in case of fire.

Why is it necessary to clean the ventilation ducts

Timely cleaning of the channels helps to purify the air, regulates the humidity indicator and prevents the development process. fungus and black mold. And also it allows you to create ideal microclimatic conditions in the room and deal with the problems of the engineering system.

In addition, cleaning helps ensure compliance with fire safety regulations. If dust and grease deposits are observed in the ventilation ducts, a fire may form if a small spark occurs in the air duct. Moreover, the spread of fire will be rapid.

It is important for a person to provide himself with comfortable living conditions. Ventilation cleaning ensures a perfectly functioning ventilation system. Cleaning the air ducts allows you to comply with sanitary standards, the observance of which depends on the well-being and health of each person

Timely maintenance of ventilation ducts will provide a favorable atmosphere and a comfortable microclimate in the room

Cleaning the air ducts allows you to comply with sanitary standards, the observance of which depends on the well-being and health of each person. Timely maintenance of ventilation ducts will provide a favorable atmosphere and a comfortable microclimate in the room.

This is important both in residential areas and in the workplace, where people spend a lot of time.

Frequency of maintenance of ventilation systems

Ventilation is a necessary element of residential, industrial, commercial and warehouse premises. If you do not take into account the technical features, the ventilation system is conventionally divided into 2 types: natural and forced. Each of them needs constant cleaning.

It is carried out as the ventilation ducts get dirty or periodically for preventive purposes. In the second case, the procedures do not depend on the degree of contamination.

This option is more optimal, as it guarantees efficient and long-term ventilation. It will also provide a comfortable atmosphere in the room, while the ventilation system will fully perform its functions.

Constant maintenance of the ventilation system of the premises in normal working condition allows you to create a microclimate favorable for work and rest.

If the maintenance of all elements of the ventilation system is carried out regularly, the room will have perfectly clean air. A favorable microclimate has a positive effect on the health of people who live or work indoors.

Main signs of pollution

Cleaning the ventilation system in the apartment must be carried out regularly. Otherwise, dirt, dust and various deposits begin to circulate through the room with air currents, causing harm to human health.

A number of signs indicate the need for cleaning:

• dust and cobwebs constantly gather around the grate;
• the room is stuffy, although this was not observed before;
• the next day after cleaning the apartment, dust accumulates on the floor.

To check the system performance in a small room, you can use a visual method, smoke or an open flame. In case of insufficient traction, cleaning should be carried out.

To assess the condition of ventilation systems of large areas, special devices are used.

Periodically it is necessary to check the operability of the ventilation system. This will avoid fire hazards.

The cost of disinfection and ventilation cleaning

The assessment of the scope of work is made finally after the inspection. Departure of a specialist for inspection is free.

ESTIMATED COST OF VENTILATION CLEANING
Cafes, restaurants	18000 - 35000 rubles
Hotels, shopping centers and others	from 35000 rub
Educational institutions	25000 - 95000 rub
Chimneys of stoves and barbecues	from 18000 rub

The final cost is influenced by such factors as: the size and current condition of the air ducts, the number of turns and branches, the ability to dismantle the elements of the system (taking into account the presence of other engineering systems - pipelines of water supply, drainage, air conditioning, heating and fire extinguishing systems, cable lines for power supply and low-current systems), non-separable plasterboard ceilings, and much more. For an accurate calculation of the cost of work, please contact our managers

APPROXIMATE COST OF CLEANING BY ELEMENTS OF THE VENTILATION SYSTEM
Name	Unit rev.	Price
Dust cleaning of air ducts	linear m	from 150 rub
Cleaning of air ducts from; fatty deposits	linear m	from 400 rub
Cleaning umbrellas from fat deposits	PCS.	from 1000 rub
Cleaning the fan snail	PCS.	from 1000 rub
Cleaning the air handling unit	PCS.	from 2500 rub
Filter replacement	PCS.	from 1500 rub
Videos inspection	PCS.	from 5 000 rub
Total Microbial Count (TMC)	PCS.	1200 rub
Sanitary and epidemiological examination (with drawing up an act)	PCS.	Treaty

You will find out the exact cost and get answers to all your questions. And you can also conclude an agreement for the cleaning of ventilation with the issuance of an Act.

Types of hoods

In addition to the already considered classification of hoods according to the principle of air removal, there is a more traditional division of this technique - according to the type of construction.

Suspended

Flat hanging models are simply attached to the wall above the stove and do not interfere with the installation of the upper cabinet. As a rule, these are combined units, which, if desired, can be connected to ventilation.

Pros:

• Compact dimensions;
• Easy to install;
• Suitable for any modern interior;
• The top cover can be used to store kitchen small things;
• Affordable price.

Minuses:

• Require regular replacement of filter cartridges;
• Low performance;
• Narrow range.

Embedded

Such hoods are in increasing demand among buyers, because hidden appliances do not spoil the overall interior and at the same time calmly perform their functions. Built-in models are mounted in a hanging cabinet so that only a narrow strip of the working panel remains visible.

The principle of air removal here can be any: recirculation, flow or combined.Among such structures, deflecting and retractable hoods are often found, in which the suction area increases.

Pros:

• Saving space in the kitchen;
• Invisibility of built-in equipment;
• Good air purification efficiency;
• Fairly quiet operation.

Minuses:

Low power.

Dome (fireplace)

They got their name for their resemblance to the truncated cone of a classic chimney vault. Initially, these were rather large devices, but today manufacturers produce a lot of T-shaped island hoods, as well as inclined hoods, which are also domed, although they look different from their predecessors.

All fireplace models work on the principle of complete air removal, although expensive appliances are additionally equipped with a recirculation function. In any case, these are always quite powerful units of high performance. Depending on the shape of the umbrella, the equipment can be installed against the wall, in the corner and even under the ceiling.

Pros:

• Efficient air purification;
• High performance;
• Rich functionality;
• A variety of design solutions and models.

Minuses:

• bulky;
• The need to install a ventilation duct;
• Relatively high cost.

Types of supply ventilation

There are several types of supply ventilation systems. The air handling units that are most commonly used are listed below, as well as their differences and similarities.

By the presence of air ducts

Channelless

Channelless systems are a small module that is mounted in a window vent, wall, doorway. The main advantage of such a system is the ease of operation and installation.

One of the main factors influencing the choice of such equipment is its small size, which is very convenient for small rooms, such as a kitchen or a bathroom. This type of construction includes window valves installed in vents and window openings.

ducted

This type of installation is more expensive. The main feature is the presence of a system of shafts through which fresh air is supplied to the room. The difference of this device is the ability to bring a stream of fresh air to where it is most in demand. Systems are usually installed in the kitchens of residential buildings and restaurants.

By type of construction

Example of a prefabricated ventilation system

Monoblock

This type of construction is a one-piece module that contains all the necessary elements (usually looks like a metal box with two air duct flanges). As a rule, it includes a damper with a filter, a heating element, a cooler, and control equipment. Due to its compactness, the unit is often installed in residential buildings to ventilate the common area.

prefabricated

Prefabricated design is effective for use in large areas. It has great power and allows you to drive large volumes of air. Smaller units are suitable for households, large ones for industries.

By the presence of components, it does not differ from monoblock structures. Only the location of the network elements is different. All components are connected by shafts and located in certain places. So, for example, in large workshops, heating elements are located, as a rule, at the outlet of the pipe, and injection units are located at the inlet.

According to the method of ventilation

General and local ventilation

General exchange

It is a complex structure with a choice of settings, including a large number of elements and an extensive network of mines. The main purpose is to ventilate entire houses and apartments. In industrial conditions, it provides ventilation of various workshops and warehouses.

The system has one serious advantage, which in domestic use gives it an advantage over other types. This feature is the ability to independently adjust the supply of fresh air to each room separately. Thus, it is possible to organize enhanced ventilation in the kitchen and bathroom with moderate ventilation in the living room or bedroom.

local

Local systems ensure the creation of a comfortable microclimate in one specific place, for example, in a room. Installation of such a device is often carried out in kitchens or bathrooms - where it is most needed. The device can look like a small box, and like an extensive network of pipelines with embedded fans, filters, heaters.

By type of circulation

natural circulation

The natural circulation of air masses implies the installation of supply units, which do not include elements for forced air injection. In fact, such a system is an ordinary hole in a wall or ceiling, covered with a grate.

The principle of operation is as follows: the outgoing flow spontaneously moves due to the difference in pressure and temperature in the room and on the street. A serious disadvantage of the system is extremely inefficient operation in windy weather, severe frost or due to the tightness of doors and windows. It is usually installed in kitchens, garages, bathrooms, etc.

With forced feed

Forced ventilation devices are more efficient than natural ones. The main advantage is the presence of a pressure element in the design. This is usually a fan, pump or air turbine. It is installed as a modernization of natural ventilation or in addition to it.

emergency

Emergency ventilation systems, or smoke control systems, are a type of fire extinguishing system. The principle of operation is based on the localization of smoke and preventing the spread of fire by blocking the flow of air.

It is installed, as a rule, in fire hazardous warehouses, in amenity premises of office buildings, private houses.

Components of forced ventilation

The supply and exhaust module is the main component of the ventilation system with impulse. The unit provides normalized air circulation in a closed space - the supply of clean flows and the removal of waste masses.

The ventilation module is a complex of equipment enclosed in a single housing (monoblock unit) or assembled from stacked elements.

The design of the supply and exhaust unit necessarily includes the following elements:

1. Fan. The basic component for the operation of an artificial air exchange system. In PES with an extensive network of air ducts, centrifugal fans are installed that maintain a high air pressure. In portable PES, the use of axial models is acceptable.
2. Air valve. Installed behind the outer grille and prevents outside air from entering when the system is off. In its absence, cold streams will seep into the room in winter
3. Main air ducts. The system involves two lines of channels: one is the supply, and the second is the air exhaust.Both networks pass through the PES. The supply fan is connected to the first air duct, and the exhaust fan is connected to the second one.
4. Automation. The operation of the unit is regulated by the built-in automation system, which reacts to the sensor readings and user-defined parameters.
5. Filters. Complex filtration is used to clean the incoming masses. A coarse filter is placed at the inlet of the supply air duct, its task is to retain fluff, insects and dust particles.

The main purpose of primary cleaning is to protect the internal components of the system. For finer filtration, a photocatalytic, carbon or other type of barrier is installed in front of the air diffusers.

PVU device on the example of the Vents VUT model with recuperation and a heater. The design includes a bypass to protect the heat exchanger in winter time (+)

Some complexes are equipped with additional functionality: cooling, air conditioning, humidification, a multi-stage air purification and ionization system.

What equipment should I pay attention to

Dantherm duct dehumidifiers are in rather high demand among domestic consumers. They are a one-piece construction, in which all the necessary components are integrated to create the most attractive microclimate in a house with a pool. Installation is supposed to be in the technical room into which the duct network is connected.The most attractive models of this brand are CDP75 and CDP165, as they have the ability to mix outdoor air, as well as retrofitting with a water condensing unit that can be used to heat water in a private house pool.

Variheat III is another representative of channel technology that you should pay attention to when choosing for installation in a private house with a pool. The advantages of models of this brand include:

• Equipped with a water condenser.
• The presence of a recuperator.
• Optional possibility of mixing fresh air.
• Possibility of heating water with built-in electric heater.
• A large number of configurations for the most simple installation installation.
• Programmable timer and remote control panel.

Such a dehumidifier can be safely considered a climate complex and can operate fully automatically.

Types of pollution and methods of cleaning ventilation

There are various types of ventilation pollution. Dirt and dust settle in the supply ventilation system, grease accumulates in the exhaust system, a mixture of soot and grease in the chimney of stoves, barbecue grills, soot accumulates in the fireplace chimneys. Accordingly, different methods of ventilation cleaning are used. As a rule, these are two methods: either dry cleaning or cleaning with reagents (active foam is used), or a combination of these methods.

Click to enlarge	Exhaust grease ventilation needs the most cleaning. Cooker hoods and braziers draw in fumes and odors from the cooking area. Then there is a primary purification of air from fat particles, for this there are grease trapping cassettes.
Click to enlarge	However, despite the filters, over time, a layer of fat settles on the walls of the umbrella, air ducts, fan blades. If the frequency of cleaning is insufficient, then the fat thickens, hardens, and finally passes into a compressed state. The cleaning of compressed fat is very difficult, sometimes it is necessary to completely replace the elements of the ventilation system.

Calculation of shop ventilation

In order to design and install ventilation, it is necessary to accurately and accurately calculate the scale of its work. The calculation of the ventilation system of the workshop is carried out on the basis of data on the volumes of emitted harmful substances, heat and various reference indicators.

The calculation of the ventilation system of the workshop is carried out separately for each type of pollution:

For excess heat

Q = Qu + (3.6V - cQu * (Tz - Tp) / c * (T1 - Tp)), where

Qu (m3) is the volume that is removed by local suction;
V (Watt) - the amount of heat that products or equipment emits;
c (kJ) - heat capacity index = 1.2 kJ (reference information);
Tz (°C) - t of polluted air removed from the workplace;
Tp (°C) - t supply air masses
T1 - t of air removed by general-exchange ventilation.

For explosive or toxic production

In such calculations, the key task is to dilute toxic emissions and fumes to the maximum permissible level.

Q = Qu + (M - Qu(Km - Kp)/(Ku - Kp)), where

M (mg * hour) - the mass of toxic substances released in one hour;
Km (mg/m3) is the content of toxic substances in the air removed by local systems;
Kp (mg/m3) - the amount of poisonous substances in the supply air masses;
Ku (mg/m3) is the content of toxic substances in the air removed by general exchange systems.

For excess moisture

Q = Qu + (W - 1.2 (Om - Op) / O1 - Op)), where

W (mg * hour) - the amount of moisture that enters the workshop premises in 1 hour;
Om (gram * kg) - the volume of steam removed by local systems;
Op (gram * kg) - indicator of supply air humidity;
O1 (gram * kg) - the amount of steam removed by the general exchange system.

By allocations from staff

Q = N * m, where

N is the number of employees
m - air consumption per 1 person * hour (according to SNiP it is 30 m3 per person in a ventilated room, 60m3 - in a non-ventilated one).

Calculation of the exhaust ventilation of the workshop

The amount of exhaust air can be determined using the following formula:

L = 3600 * V * S, where

L (m3) - air consumption;
V is the speed of the air flow in the exhaust device;
S is the opening area of ​​the exhaust type installation.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Video #1: Comprehensive cleaning of the ventilation shaft. The maintenance process consists of three stages: diagnostics, cleaning and disinfection.

Video #2: Service of the ventilation system with the help of a robot.

Video # 3: Technology for cleaning the duct with a flexible shaft.

According to studies, about 40% of pollution enters the room due to poor ventilation system. This is due to the untimely replacement of filters and the accumulation of dirt, grease and harmful substances on the inner walls of the duct.

With the cleaning equipment serviced, clean air will enter the building and an optimal level of humidity will be established.

Do you have experience cleaning ventilation in an apartment or a private house? Please share information with our readers, suggest your own way to solve the problem. You can leave comments in the form below.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

Energy-saving ventilation system with recuperation suspended type Daikin VAM/800FB:

Device, features and installation technology of the Vents Micro 60/A3 portable supply and exhaust module:

PVU 400 from Ventrum with an electric heater and a rotary heat exchanger:

The arrangement of ventilation with the help of a supply and exhaust module is used in rooms of different purposes and footage.

Ensuring high-quality air exchange depends on the competent calculation and choice of climatic equipment. If you have doubts about your own abilities, then it is better to turn to professionals to determine the parameters and develop the project.

Do you have something to add, or have questions about choosing an air handling unit? You can leave comments on the publication and participate in the discussion of the material - the contact form is in the lower block.