How to organize summer water supply in the country: laying and arranging water supply for irrigation

Winter country water supply

Now let's talk about more solid and capital schemes. Let's start with a description of the winter plumbing. Winter does not mean that it can only be used in winter, this name simply implies that the water supply is carried out according to a permanent scheme and can be operated at any time of the year.

To supply water from a well, it is better to use a submersible pump. Its power is chosen depending on the depth from which water will be supplied. For a well up to ten meters deep, a rather small “brook” or “aquarius” is quite small.If water is supplied from a well, then you will have to buy a more powerful pump, which will cost much more.

Due to the fact that during the installation of a winter water supply, the pump must be connected to a voltage source, it is permissible to combine cable laying and water supply in a single casing made of plastic sewer pipes. It will protect well from freezing and mechanical damage.

For laying water pipes, you can use plastic pipes with connections on soldered or on special plastic fittings. For soldered joints, a special electric soldering iron is used. It is not very expensive, besides, in specialized stores, such soldering irons are often offered for rent. To install the pipeline, you will need a soldering iron for no more than a day. Connections on fittings are made with “bare hands” without a soldering iron. For a regular dacha, pipes with a diameter of 20 or 25 millimeters are quite suitable.

When laying a water pipe, pipes should be placed below the freezing level of the soil. The value of this value for each specific climatic zone can be found in special reference books.

But often, in order not to dig too deep a trench, you can use one of the following methods:

• Fill the pipe laid at a depth of 60 centimeters with a 20-30 cm layer of insulation made of foam chips, furnace slag, expanded clay, etc. The main condition is that the insulation does not absorb moisture well and is strong enough.
• Insulate the pipeline with an insulation system consisting of special thermal insulation and a casing made of corrugated polyethylene. With the help of such a system, the depth of the trench can be made much smaller (about 30 centimeters).
• Lay a heating cable that allows you to lay pipes on the surface at all. But you have to pay a lot for electricity.

It should be noted that the trench should approach the house at a right angle, because it will be necessary to dig the foundation, which is fraught with its settlement and the formation of cracks in the wall.

To connect the pump to the water supply next to the well, it is necessary to arrange a pit, one meter deep and 70x70 centimeters in size. The walls of the pit are laid out with bricks, or they are strengthened in another way, for example, boards impregnated with an antiseptic. It would be more correct to fill the bottom of the pit with concrete or, in extreme cases, cover it with rubble and tamp it down.

A water pipe with a “ruff” is brought out and fixed into the pit for attaching the hose that comes from the pump, as well as the electrical wire. The function of the pit is that, if necessary, you can easily disconnect and remove the pump. The pit is insulated to prevent freezing of water in the pump hose.

To connect the pump, install a waterproof outlet or use a hermetic contact connector, better known as "father-mother". The main condition is that the pump can be safely connected and disconnected, even if the cable is energized.

Types of garden aqueduct

There are two ways to lay a pipeline in a country house - summer and seasonal (capital). Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Summer option

The method of ground installation of a water supply system in summer cottages is used to organize the irrigation of vegetable beds, berry bushes, and fruit trees. Ground water supply is used to supply a bathhouse, a summer kitchen, a garden house.

The seasonal plumbing system is a ground loop with long fittings at the branching point. If the site is used exclusively during the warm period, it is reasonable to lay pipes on the surface. Such a system is easy to dismantle for the winter to prevent theft of materials in the off-season.

On a note! To avoid damage to communications by agricultural equipment, summer water supply is laid on special supports.

The main convenience of seasonal polyethylene plumbing is its mobility. If necessary, the configuration can be changed in 10-15 minutes. It is enough to add or remove a few meters of pipe or run it in a different direction.

Irrigation system

Scheme

Temporary summer water supply at the dacha from HDPE pipes is assembled and disassembled with their own hands according to the principle of a children's designer.

Typical scheme of country water supply

The network diagram is drawn up with reference to a detailed site plan. The drawing marks the location of green spaces, water intake points, a house, a shower, a washbasin.

Important! Pipes are laid with a slope towards the water intake point. At the lowest point of the system provide for the installation of a drain valve

capital system

If the site is capitally equipped and used all year round, it is wise to spend time and money on installing a capital plumbing system. The principle of connecting elements in this case does not change. The difference lies in the additional installation of compressor equipment and the closed location. To equip a permanent water supply, communications are laid in trenches below the freezing depth of the soil.

Entering HDPE pipes into the house

Warming

The depth of soil freezing in different regions of the Russian Federation differs significantly.To avoid breaking communications at the time of sudden temperature fluctuations, it is recommended to insulate them.

For the insulation of a capital water supply system from HDPE in a summer cottage, the following materials are used:

1. Basalt insulation in the form of finished cylindrical modules.
2. Fiberglass cloth in rolls. You will need to buy roofing felt to protect the warm layer from getting wet.
3. Styrofoam. Reusable folding modules from two halves, which are used repeatedly, are mounted simply and quickly.

Insulation for pipes made of foamed polyethylene According to statistics, the depth of soil freezing in winter in Russia exceeds 1 meter. For clay and loam of Moscow and the region, this is ...

On a note! Water under high pressure does not freeze. If a receiver is installed in the system, there is no need for additional thermal insulation of the water supply.

In capital construction, when laying a pipeline to a shallow depth, a heating cable is laid parallel to the system and connected to a grounded power source.

Defrosting water and sewer pipes Russia is located in a harsh climatic region, so in winter and early spring there is a risk ...

How to choose?

Manufacturers offer several types of polyethylene pipes to choose from. First of all, products are distinguished by the type of transported medium.

For the production of gas pipes, special additives are used that change the composition of water. It is strictly forbidden to use gas pipes with yellow markings for the plumbing system!

To assemble the pipeline underground, two types of polyethylene are used:

1. HDPE PE 100, manufactured in accordance with GOST 18599-2001. Product diameter — 20 to 1200 mm.Such pipes are made black with a longitudinal blue stripe along the entire length.
2. HDPE PE PROSAFE, produced in accordance with GOST 18599-2001, TU 2248-012-54432486-2013, PAS 1075. Such pipes have an additional mineral protective sheath, 2 mm thick.

For the main line, blanks with a diameter of 40 mm are selected. For secondary - 20 mm or 25 mm.

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Types of water pipes for irrigation

There are not so many options here, but the whole choice comes down to whether the water supply will be permanent or temporary (that is, in winter it will just take time put away). Each of these options has strengths and weaknesses.

As for the permanent option, it allows you to:

organize the water supply imperceptibly, on the site only outlets of pipes from the ground will be visible to which the necessary equipment will be connected during irrigation. This means that the pipes will not get underfoot;

The main part of the water conduit is underground

• no need to mess around with the assembly / disassembly of the system;
• finding a leak is difficult;
• those who like to profit from dachas in winter will leave empty-handed, they are unlikely to want to dig frozen ground to steal PP pipes.

Among the shortcomings, a slightly higher cost (if you hire workers to dig a trench) and labor costs (if you do all the work yourself) can be noted.

A collapsible irrigation water supply in the country also has the right to exist, the strengths of such a solution include:

installation speed - in fact, you just need to connect the pipes and lay them according to the project;

Pipes are located above the ground

The disadvantages include the need to assemble and disassemble it if the cottage is not guarded.In addition, the pipes lying underfoot interfere - and the cart will not pass along the path, and people will stumble.

Sources

1. Where to get water in the summer cottage?

Its sources may be:

• Stationary water supply;
• Summer water supply to the dacha will provide water supply for irrigation. As a rule, water is supplied to it according to the schedule. For uninterrupted water supply, it is necessary to create an autonomous supply of water in a reserve tank;

Plumbing for irrigation in a garden partnership

• Your own well or well can provide you with non-potable water, and in some cases - drinking quality;
• Finally, no one canceled the use of imported water. As in the case of a summer water supply system, the task is to organize the storage of a sufficiently large amount of water and its supply to the water supply system with excessive pressure.

Drinking water delivery tanks

Summer plumbing installation

So, we figured out the types of pipelines. Now let's talk about the assembly of the plumbing system.

The main stages of the device summer water supply:

1. Drawing up a diagram-drawing of a water supply system.
2. Purchase of materials.
3. Laying sewer, according to the scheme.
4. Installation of faucets, sprinklers and other devices.
5. Connection to a water supply source.
6. Testing.

The summer water supply plan consists of the following steps:

1. First you need to draw a sketch. Be sure to mark paths, buildings, beds and other plantings.
2. On the site, pegs mark the nodes and places of the future water supply.
3. Then the number of branches, bends, taps and other nuances are entered into the project.
4. The points of withdrawal of the water supply to the surface are marked.

Depending on the source of water, pipelines have their own characteristics.

Plumbing device in the presence of a centralized network

When installing seasonal water supply, the following plan should be followed:

1. A detailed site plan is being drawn up. The places where the water supply will pass, where the taps and sprinklers will be located are outlined. Corners, plugs, sockets and so on are outlined. The number and location of the taps is calculated so that all plantings in the garden are irrigated with a hose of short length, about 3-5 meters. The depth of the trenches is calculated, as a rule it is 30-40 cm. If you plan to carry out engineering communications under the beds, then the depth must be increased to 50-70 cm (for safe work with a shovel or cultivator). The main conduit is made of pipes with a diameter of 40 mm, and branches to the points of water supply - with a diameter of 25 or 32 mm. Laying is best done at a slight slope from the water supply source, for better circulation. A drain valve must be provided at the bottom. It is necessary to consider how the drainage will be organized.
2. After drawing up the scheme, the amount of all necessary materials and tools is calculated. After that, you can go to the store.
3. If the water source of the country water supply is a central network, it will be necessary to make a tie-in. The easiest way that does not involve turning off the water is to use a special “saddle” (clamp with a seal and a threaded pipe). The saddle is installed on the pipe, a ball valve is screwed onto the pipe, through which a hole is made on the surface of the pipe.
4. The next step is trench preparation.
5. Then the pipeline is assembled, valves and other elements are installed.
6. The finished water supply is tested for tightness, when water is supplied, the condition of the joints and connections is checked.
7. Plumbing can be buried.

Plumbing from a well or well

If there is no centralized network near the site, then a well or well is used as a source of water. In this case, a pump is needed.

Pump installation methods:

• The submersible pump is suspended on a special cable or chain. This type of pump is capable of pumping water from a depth of no more than 8 meters. A metal cable is not used to install the vibration pump! A nylon cable is used.
• A surface or self-priming pump must be installed on a flat surface. To do this, a flat concrete stand is prepared and the device is protected from rain (using a canopy or booth).

Tools and materials for installation

For the arrangement of seasonal water supply you will need:

1. Pipes.
2. Fittings and tees.
3. Couplings.
4. Wrenches: adjustable, gas, wrench No. 17-24.
5. A special knife for cutting polymer pipes or a hacksaw for metal carving.
6. Shovel.
7. Scrap.
8. Soldering iron. In some places it will be possible to do without fittings and a gas key using a connection with a special gas soldering iron. Such a tool can be purchased, it is relatively inexpensive. Some shops lend soldering irons.
9. Ball valve ½.
10. Corner compression 20 mm.
11. Tee compression 20 mm.
12. Saddle 63 (1/2).
13. Fumlenta or fum thread.
14. Sanding paper for cleaning pipe connections.
15. Roulette.
16. Marker or pencil.

Additional products used in the arrangement of summer water supply

The main devices that will be needed when installing the pipeline:

• Union. It will help to quickly connect the hose to the faucet.On one side it is screwed onto the faucet, on the other side the hose is fixed.
• Corrugated hoses. They are inexpensive and take up little space when folded.
• Special hoses for drip irrigation, if provided on the site.
• Sprayers or watering guns.
• Sprinkler or watering heads.
• For automatic watering, you can purchase a special timer or soil moisture sensor.

Briefly about country irrigation systems

Irrigation of beds and fruit trees in the country with the help of pipes can be organized in several ways. When choosing one or another system, it is necessary to build on the type of soil on the site, the general climatic conditions and the desire (or unwillingness) to spend your time watering the garden.

The manual method of moistening the soil is too laborious. Country cottage is designed for recreation. Often, the townspeople go to her on weekends to work there in the sweat of their brows. There are those who even really like this pastime.

But most just want to relax outside the city. However, almost everyone has a small garden, apple trees and currants in the country. And they need to be watered.

All artificial irrigation systems of a suburban area are divided into two types: automatic and semi-automatic - the former imply shifting control over the irrigation process completely to automation, and the latter partial human participation

According to the method of water supply, three types of non-manual irrigation systems are distinguished:

1. Drip surface.
2. Intrasoil.
3. Sprinkling (sprinkling).

The technology of creating "artificial rain" is the most common.For the device of such a system in a summer cottage, it is necessary to install several rotary sprinklers and run pipes to them. plumbing. However, such sprinklers spend too much water.

Part of it simply evaporates before reaching the soil. This type of country irrigation is mainly intended for watering large lawns.

Two other options for automatic irrigation systems involve the supply of moisture to the soil or to it directly next to the watered plant. For this, perforated pipes, droppers and bubblers are used. This method of irrigation is more economical in terms of water consumption, but due to the long length of water conduits, it is more expensive to install.

For an intrasoil irrigation system, a perforated pipeline will have to be buried in the ground at a depth of 20-30 cm, and for a surface pipe it can be laid on the ground

You will find all the details about choosing pipes for a drip irrigation device in an article on this interesting issue.

Pipes for all types of garden irrigation are selected in diameter in the range from 25 to 32 mm. If the pressure in the central water supply in the country is low or water is supplied to the system from the tank by gravity, then the cross section should be closer to the upper limit. Otherwise, you can save money by taking pipes and fittings with a diameter of 25–27 mm.

At lower values, the pipeline will work inefficiently, watering the ground for too long. And at large sizes, it will be unnecessarily expensive. The flow of water will still fill such a pipe only halfway. And tubular products of large diameter are obviously more expensive than their thinner counterparts.

The rules and guidelines for choosing a hose for watering cultivated plants and green spaces in a summer cottage are set out in an article that we recommend reading.

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Summer and winter plumbing

Previously, you most likely heard such definitions as summer and winter plumbing systems. Study the main properties of these options, it is quite possible that even the simplest summer option will be able to satisfy your needs. Otherwise, you can immediately proceed to the study of the following sections of the manual on the arrangement of a full-fledged water supply.

Summer option

Summer plumbing in the country

The features of such a water supply system are clear from its name - the operation of such a system is possible only in the warm period. There are stationary and collapsible modifications of the system.

The collapsible summer water supply system has a very simple design: it is enough to connect the hoses to a pump of suitable parameters and lay them on the soil surface so that they do not interfere with normal movement around the summer cottage.

Summer plumbing in the country

Silicone and rubber hoses are suitable for arranging the system. The connection is made using special adapters. Also in specialized stores are available more modern products for connecting hoses - latches. One side of such a latch is equipped with a spring-loaded connector, and on the other side there is a “ruff”. With the help of such latches, hoses are connected quickly, reliably and simply.

Most often, such a collapsible system is used for irrigation. It is pointless to organize on its basis a full-fledged water supply to solve domestic needs.

Piping for summer plumbing

The laying of a stationary summer water supply is carried out underground. Flexible hoses are not suitable for arranging such a system. The best option is plastic pipes.

Pipes of stationary seasonal water supply are laid at a meter depth. After the end of the season, water must be pumped out of the pipes, otherwise, with the advent of cold weather, it will freeze and ruin the pipeline.

In view of this, the pipes must be laid with a slope towards the drain valve. Directly the valve is mounted near the water source.

Winter option

Such water supply can be used throughout the year.

Plumbing in the country

Pipes made of polyethylene and polypropylene are suitable for arranging the system. The former are sold at a lower price and are mounted without the use of special tools. The latter are somewhat more expensive and require the use of a pipe soldering iron during installation. However, in the end, you will spend more money on additional parts for mounting pipes based on polyethylene than on additional products used in the installation of polypropylene pipes.

Water pipes are laid with a slight slope towards the source of water supply. The pipeline should run 200-250 mm below the freezing point of the soil.

Pipe slope

There is also an option with pipe laying at a depth of 300 mm. In this case, additional insulation of the pipeline is mandatory. Foamed polyethylene perfectly copes with the functions of thermal insulation. There are special products of a cylindrical shape.It is enough to simply put such rounded polypropylene on the pipe and as a result the product will be reliably protected from cold and other adverse effects.

Not only winter water pipes, but also a source of water need additional insulation.

Polystyrene "shell" for pipe insulation

For example, a well is insulated for the winter and covered with snow. These measures will be enough to ensure the protection of the structure from the cold.

Well insulation

Surface pumping equipment, if used, is equipped with a caisson. The caisson is a pit with additional insulation, equipped next to a water supply source equipped with a pump.

Caisson

The installation of automatic pumping stations can only be carried out in a room where the air temperature does not drop to negative levels even in the most severe frosts.

Typical device of a pumping stationInsulation of sewer pipes

Next, we will consider the procedure for arranging a full-fledged water supply, which can be used at any time of the year.

Piping, boiler and expansion tank

Brief overview of materials and required devices

The summer water supply system consists of the following elements:

• pipes;
• cranes;
• fitting;
• pump equipment;
• filters.

For comparison, during the construction of a winter building, pressure control devices (hydroaccumulator, pressure gauge, pressure switch), automatic protection, and a water heater are needed.

There are many options for automated systems that allow you to regulate and control drip or greenhouse irrigation.

Scheme of automatic watering in a greenhouse, assembled from flexible hoses. Pumping equipment that provides water supply from the storage tank is powered by solar panels (+)

Ordinary water pipes made of plastic, polypropylene or polyethylene with a diameter of 20 mm to 25 mm are more suitable for deepening into the ground. Polypropylene products with reinforced layers are especially durable, for example, German Banninger pipes for hot water supply, which have a characteristic green color. However, for small, slightly branched circuits, PVC pipes of medium strength in white are suitable.

It is better not to place the hoses in the ground, but to use them on the surface. If you still decide to build a permanent water supply exclusively from hoses, then choose products with thick walls, reinforced with nylon fibers. Their service life is usually at least 15 years.

Fittings (tees, couplings, clamps, plugs) must match in diameter, ideally in material. Prefabricated structures usually include the required number of connecting and fixing elements to ensure tightness

The only volatile element of the system is a surface or submersible pump. It should be selected based on the data on the source of water and the characteristics of the equipment itself. For example, the best option for a pond is a drainage pump, for a well - a deep one, and for a well, an inexpensive submersible model such as "Kid" or "Brook" is enough.

Hot water is comfortable

Hot water storage - boiler or instantaneous heater? It all depends on the number of people in the country, the time of their stay. For two or even three people who visit the cottage on weekends, a flow heater will suffice.It heats up water instantly.

The electric water heater will allow you to use hot water a few hours after switching on. The insulated tank keeps the water temperature long enough after turning it off. For short trips, this schedule is inconvenient. A reasonable compromise is to have two sources of hot water, use them according to the situation.

Installation, connection of heating devices is carried out according to the instructions attached to them.

Features of the device of a private water supply

It is better if the planning of the water supply will be carried out at the stage of drafting the project of the summer cottage and the house. A full-fledged project includes a number of drawings and documents, including:

• phased work plan;
• layouts of pipes and main elements of the plumbing system;
• estimate, etc.

  Plumbing scheme

To equip the boiler and water meter unit, you need to allocate a small room on the ground floor of the house. A room of 3-4 m2 will suffice. It is more convenient when the water inlet unit and the necessary technical devices are located in the same room - this gives the owner the opportunity to fully control the process of water supply.

A typical private water supply system includes the following equipment:

• pipeline. Products made of polypropylene, metal-plastic and metal are suitable;
• set of taps and fittings;

  Pipes and fittings

• pump;

  Surface pump for lifting water from a well

• manometer;

  Manometer DM02 Meter

• expansion tank;

  Expansion tank

• pressure switch;

  Pressure switch RD-2R (Rosma)

• electrical support with full automatic protection;
• purification filters to eliminate suspended particles and various kinds of contaminants from the composition of water;

  Water filter

• water heater. Installed as needed. In most cases, the accumulative model is more convenient.

  Practical storage water heater for summer cottages

Which pipes are better

The water supply system for giving can be made of copper. The main advantage of copper structures is their high service life of 70 years. At the same time, copper is expensive. Not every person can afford such a water supply.

You can also choose polypropylene pipes for summer cottages. Their service life is more than half a century. Their cost is quite democratic. A universal option for water supply in the country are stainless steel structures. Their service life is quite long, they can be used for cold and hot water supply systems. The downside, again, is the high cost.

Metal pipes have a long service life. However, they are rarely used in the arrangement of a private house due to a number of disadvantages, and in particular:

• risk of corrosion;
• Risk of deposits;
• Installation will require a welding machine;
• Insufficient level of environmental friendliness.

A worthy alternative for arranging water supply in the country are plastic pipes. Consider their advantages:

• Resistance to chemicals;
• Resistance to corrosion;
• Resistant to deposits;
• Service life more than half a century;
• When transporting hot water, practically no heat is lost;
• Ease of installation.

Plastic pipes are just a common name for many groups of these structures. Which system is better to choose? It all depends on your needs and operating conditions of the system. You can see all the variety of these designs in the photo.

PVC pipes are recommended to be used for organizing open wiring, as they differ in the required rigidity, as well as UV resistance. During their installation, gluing technology is used.

Polypropylene pipes are universal. They can be used to transport both cold and hot water. With their help, you can also organize a heating system and underground sewage. Their advantages are the same as those of structures made of cross-linked polyethylene. At the same time, the price of the product is lower. During installation, welding equipment is used. It should be borne in mind that when organizing the transportation of hot water, structures with metal or fiberglass reinforcement are used.

Metal-plastic pipes differ in their structure: outer and outer polymer layer. The middle layer is made of aluminium. To organize the transportation of cold water, designs of blue or light blue are used. If you want to equip a hot water system, you should choose white structures. Consider the advantages of metal-plastic structures:

Corrosion resistance;

• Neat appearance;
• Ease;
• Plastic;
• Long service life;
• Ease of installation.

You can also choose PVC pipes. For the arrangement of cold water transportation, PVC-marked structures are designed, hot - CPVC.

Additional Recommendations

You can see the entire range of designs for giving in the photo. In addition, we have a video on our website with instructions for choosing the right pipes. For the arrangement of the water supply, designs from Western brands are usually selected. Manufacturers from Germany, the Czech Republic, Austria enjoy confidence. When buying, be sure to check the certificate for the product.