Which septic tank is best for the home: a comparison of popular treatment plants

Types of septic tanks

If we talk about the design of the septic tank, then it can be both horizontal and vertical. And in some cases, the latter option may be preferable - why?

Based on the name itself, it is clear that a vertical septic tank is a wastewater treatment receiver, whose height is much larger than the diameter / size of the container.

Now it is preferable to buy a septic tank made of polypropylene or fiberglass.At the root, the properties of one or another material are almost the same, however, the price of a fiberglass septic tank can be higher than the price of a polypropylene septic tank.

The structure of a vertical septic tank

So, the simplest version of the design of a vertical septic tank is a container with a large volume. As a rule, the tank is used as a sump for wastewater, after which the effluent is pumped through the drainage pipes to the soil aftertreatment.

Similar variants of septic tanks can be used as sedimentation tanks for toilets or baths.

The main manufacturers of cleaning systems are:

• EUROLOS.
• CJSC TD.
• Engineering equipment.
• DECA.
• Granite-M.
• SBM-Group.
• TOPOL-ECO.

If you equip the simplest vertical septic tank with additional purification systems, then the wastewater that undergoes deep cleaning can later be used as irrigation water.

Vertical septic tank

At the same time, drainage pipes must be laid on the site - with a certain slope towards the wastewater receiver, of course. Their laying in particular, and earthmoving in general, can be carried out by special equipment, for example, the same loaders or dump trucks.

Pros:

Smaller area (this design is especially beneficial on sites with limited dimensions) Excellent operation even in the coldest season (too elongated structure will not freeze in frost) Good sewage settling processes (the deeper the septic tank, the better the distribution of waste particles, respectively, water is better cleaned and clarified) Cons:

The use of self-made tanks exclusively in groundwater with a low water level.

Device entity

A septic tank is an element of a purification or sewer system in the form of a container, or rather, a sealed well for collecting and treating wastewater. It is installed in the absence of a centralized sewage system and is intended for servicing summer cottages, private houses, utility buildings and other low-rise facilities. This device must comply with the applicable regulations. In particular, during design and operation, it is necessary to comply with SNiP 2.04.03-85 and SP 32.13330-2012.

Snip for placing a septic tank on a residential area

To ensure the functions of septic tanks, the following requirements are put forward:

• sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the liquid inside and the impact of the soil outside;
• tightness, excluding soil pollution by runoff;
• water resistance and resistance to various components of soil and sewage, excluding rotting, corrosion and other chemical reactions;
• ease of installation;
• durability and environmental friendliness.

The septic tank must be sealed so that water does not seep into the ground and does not pollute it.

The tightness of the container must exclude emissions of the emitted gases into the air.

Gravity cleaning septic tank scheme, where heavy substances accumulate at the bottom of the structure, turning into sludge

Diagram of a septic tank with natural filtration

The scheme of a septic tank with bio-treatment

Which septic tank is better to buy for a house and a summer residence

Autonomous sewers of a house or cottage must correspond to the number of people living in them. When choosing, you need to look not only at functionality and practicality, but also at the volume of water capacity. For small families with up to three people, the most common autonomous sewers with a minimum volume are suitable. For families with more than 6 people, roomy systems with a volume of 1200 liters or more are often chosen. List of autonomous sewers for the home, depending on practicality:

• Bars-Bio 5 - a model for a standard family of 3-5 people;
• Topaero 3 - a model for cottages and private houses of large families up to 15 people;
• Bars-Ultra 5 - a device for a private house with up to 5 people;
• Multplast Termite Profi 3.0 - autonomous sewage system for families from 6 people;
• Elite Stroy Invest Microb-450 - a mini-septic tank for a house with a population of 2-4 people;
• Eurolos Luck is a model for small houses, volume up to 1800 liters.

When buying an autonomous sewer for a summer house or a large cottage, you should look at its volume, its power and ability to cleanse. In small country houses, you can buy a standard device, which involves the purification of up to 200 liters of water per person.

The principle of operation and the device of a septic tank for a private house

The structure is a container made of waterproof high-strength material.

There are simple and complex installations. The former serve as a sealed reservoir for the accumulation of wastewater. The second ones inside can have several cameras. The filtration system in them consists of several stages:

1. Sedimentation of household waste water

There are several chambers inside the device, the first one (sump) receives sewage directly from the sewer system. At this stage, the waste water is settled from solid particles.

2. Filtration with anaerobic bacteria

On this stage, water enters the second department by means of a pump or by means of a natural construction. Bioenzymatic agents clean wastewater from traces of vital activity, forming silt, a gas fraction, as a result of which the water is clarified.

3. Cleaning with a seepage well

In the last section, the water is subjected to final filtration with the help of perforated walls and a drainage layer and is absorbed into the ground.

Septic tanks are used if it is not possible to connect a private house to a central sewer.

Unlike a cesspool, this design has significant advantages:

• wastewater is processed using a natural biological method of purification, therefore it does not pollute the soil;
• durability;
• absence of an unpleasant smell in the territory of a private house;
• the possibility of filtering a large amount of wastewater and, as a result, no need for frequent maintenance by a sewage machine.

Selection of a septic tank according to the principle of operation

This criterion should be considered first of all, since the choice according to it significantly affects the price of equipment, its efficiency, environmental friendliness and installation method. Experts divide all domestic wastewater treatment systems according to the principle of operation into three categories:

1. Accumulative septic tanks

It is immediately worth noting that this does not apply to non-environmentally friendly and prohibitively expensive cesspools to maintain.The simplest storage septic tank consists of two separated tanks (wells) connected by a bypass manifold.

The principle of its operation is the natural sedimentation of wastewater. They pass from the house into the first well, where the solid particles precipitate and the liquid remains at the top.

A simple storage septic tank

Upon reaching the level of the bypass manifold, it gradually flows into the second well. From there, it is pumped out, or diverted to the drainage field. If you increase the number of tanks, then the degree of clarification of effluents will improve.

2. Septic tanks with forced aeration

In the simplest version, such equipment has several compartments interconnected by bypass pipes. The main feature is the presence of a compressor, with the help of which the drains are constantly saturated with atmospheric air.

Diagram of a septic tank with forced aeration (source)

In abundance, the oxygen present in it contributes to the reproduction of bacteria, which, due to the processes of their vital activity, free the contents from organic matter. The output is 70-90% clarified water, which is allowed to be discharged into open drainage ditches.

3. Combined septic tanks

The most complex and costly wastewater treatment equipment with the highest efficiency. The degree of purification in such septic tanks exceeds 90%, that is, the output is ordinary industrial water. It is quite possible to water lawns, trees, flower beds, greenhouses, vegetable gardens and so on.

High efficiency is achieved by combining several wastewater treatment technologies in one equipment.This includes natural settling, and coarse filtration, and aeration, and loading of active bacteria, and constant mixing.

Accordingly, the more complex the equipment and the principle of its operation, the more expensive it is. However, the high cost always pays off through efficiency and reduced maintenance costs for autonomous sewerage.

The principles of operation of a septic tank

All septic tanks on the domestic market are designed to clean waste before they enter the ground. The operation of these devices is ensured by a special design, which in 2-3 stages purifies water from foul-smelling elements and human waste products. The whole process takes place in the compartments of the septic tank, located either underground or on its surface. Modern device models provide three-level cleaning according to the following principle:

• In the first compartment of the septic tank, stratification occurs: heavy wastes settle to the bottom, lungs rise to the surface, water occupies an intermediate position between these layers.
• In the second tank, impurities are cleaned by special bacteria that feed on sewage.
• The third compartment of the septic tank is a chamber with air. Unlike the first two, aerobic bacteria work in it, processing the remaining waste into acetic acid and carbon dioxide.

Selection of a septic tank for performance and volume

Required minimum volume of a septic tank for suburban sewage is selected taking into account the number of people permanently residing in the house. This number is multiplied by the average daily rate of water consumption by one person, and then tripled (there must be a supply).

Let's consider a specific example. Let's say 4 people live in the house and constantly use the sewerage system.The average daily water consumption per family member is 200 liters. Accordingly, in order for the septic tank to cope with the waste products of four people, its volume should be 4x200x3 = 2400 liters or 2.4 m3.

Sewer performance - this is the volume of effluents that can pass through itself and fully process the septic tank in one day. It is calculated similarly to the previous example. The same rate of water consumption by one person is taken and multiplied by the number of people permanently living in the house.

For the example discussed above, for the same four people, the performance of the septic tank should be at least 800 liters / day or 0.8 m3 / day.

The last important parameter is maximum possible volley discharge. This is the volume of wastewater that the septic tank is able to accept once without disturbing the cleaning processes. It is quite difficult to calculate this parameter on your own.

It is necessary to take into account the plumbing equipment installed in the house, its dimensions, water consumption and other characteristics. Volley discharges are also affected by the operation of plumbing, which is slightly different for everyone.

In this matter, it is best to consult with a specialist. Even the seller of septic tanks will be able to roughly select equipment for you according to this criterion, knowing how many toilet bowls, bathtubs, washing machines and other equipment that consume water are installed in the house.

Storage septic.

Its design is similar to the principle of a cesspool, but the difference is the tightness of the tank, so that impurities that pollute it do not enter the surrounding soil.

The installation method is:

• the container is buried in the ground.A prerequisite that must be observed is the calculation of the depth of soil freezing. It should be lowered below it, most often more than one and a half meters deep.
• sewer connection.

Having performed such simple actions, the owner will have a place to drain the water, but this option is the most impractical. The liquid will accumulate quickly enough, because of which you will constantly need to think about how to pump it out.

What are septic tanks and how do they work?

A septic tank is a local device that is connected to the local house sewer system. A septic tank is necessary in order to collect, defend and purify wastewater that is discharged from the house through this sewer. Install these devices in places with no centralized sewer infrastructure. In most cases, these are country houses or dachas and a huge number of entire settlements in the rural outback, where there is no sewage system.

Diagram of a septic tank

The choice of the right septic tank depends not only on the volume of effluents, but also to a greater extent on local natural conditions. Therefore, for a competent assessment of a future purchase, it is required to understand a little about the device and the principles of operation of various types of installations. Any septic tank that exists today is a reservoir that can be divided into two or more departments. The general principle of operation of the installation is as follows:

• through sewer pipes, sewage with sewage enters the first tank, which plays the role of a sump. In it, heavy components sink and accumulate at the bottom. Light fractions and fats accumulate on the surface of the water;
• with the help of overflow, this liquid enters the second compartment, where they are further settled and organics decompose when exposed to bacteria;
• the last section allows you to purify the water so that after passing through the filtration fields it can be safely drained into the ground, seeping through which it is completely cleared of all harmful substances and odors.

An example of arranging a septic tank in a summer cottage

This is interesting: Do-it-yourself sewerage in a private house - a diagram of the drainage system

Rating of septic tanks

In the variety of possible septic tanks and their variations, it is very difficult to choose which system is best to install in your country house. First of all, it is worth determining which principle of operation suits you best from 2 categories, non-volatile or volatile, and then choose the best from this category. This rating presents separately the best non-volatile models and separately the best non-volatile models. Before deciding, check the level of groundwater in your area, whether there are water protection facilities nearby, and whether there is enough space on the site for an additional wastewater filtration device. These are all the criteria by which the possibility of installing a non-volatile septic tank is determined, if according to these criteria this option does not suit you, then choose immediately from the group of non-volatile septic tanks.

First category: non-volatile septic tanks

Such septic tanks are not connected to the electrical system of the house, they can be used for non-permanent residence in the country, they usually clean effluents by 50, a maximum of 75%, these effluents are not discharged into a reservoir or drainage ditches, additional treatment facilities are built for them.It should also be noted that the high level of groundwater will become an obstacle to the installation of this type of septic tank.

We will consider the first places of this rating in more detail in order to understand what their pros and cons are and to make the right choice.

1st place. "Tank" system

The Triton Plastic company has made its Tank septic tank a leader in all respects in 5 years. It has good quality, easy maintenance, very convenient operation and of course attractive low price.

Pros of this option:

• Ideal price-quality ratio;
• Robust construction, with a wall thickness of 10 to 17 mm, protected by ribs from being crushed by the ground when idle or floating up if groundwater has come out to it;
• A septic tank can be bought for any number of people living in a country house using the block system of the tank and selecting the required number of sections;
• The system has no electronics, in principle there is nothing to break in it.

• Anchoring is not provided here, with the expectation of the correct installation of the system, therefore, during installation, it is necessary to correctly sprinkle the sand-cement mixture so that the septic tank remains in place under any conditions.
• A small selection of the presented models.

Rating of septic tanks for a country house

A review of the ranking of the best septic tanks for a country house can be started with a device called Triton. This is a polyethylene station, which has a high degree of wastewater treatment. If a septic tank is needed for a summer cottage, then you can stop your choice on the Triton-mini model. The volume of this device is 750 liters. This is enough for the water used by a family of two.

Triton is a two-chamber device with an additional infiltrator, for the installation of which additional space must be allocated. Effluents undergo the main treatment of the system, and then they pass into the infiltrator, where they are finally cleaned, which prevents contaminants from entering the soil.

A fairly wide range of models allows you to choose the volume of the system that is most suitable individually for each family. Septic tanks are strong, reliable and durable, perfect for installation in a country house. The advantages of choosing a Triton septic tank include:

1. Ease of installation.
2. Long terms of operation.
3. High performance.
4. Budget.
5. Choice of model.
6. Environmental friendliness.

DKS treatment systems deserve to be in the ranking of septic tanks for country houses. The model line of these systems is quite diverse, but the most popular models are 450 and 750 liters. Owners of summer cottages with a high level of groundwater are faced with the problem of installing a treatment system. A special model line of DKS septic tanks is designed just for such cases. Models DKS-1M and DKS-25M differ in that the collector has a sealed container that drains waste after cleaning with a drain pump.

The organization of an autonomous sewage system in a summer cottage with the help of this particular treatment system is quite expedient and profitable.

tank system

The next of the most suitable septic tanks for the home is the Tank system. This installation stands out among others with its unique appearance.The station is a block-modular system with three chambers in which wastewater treatment takes place. The Tank does not need the services of a sewer. The ribbed shape of the outer casing is an added benefit as it will not be pushed to the surface when installed under ground pressure.

When choosing a septic tank Tank, you get such benefits as:

1. Terms of implementation - the device is quite durable.
2. Budget - the choice of the system will not hit the wallet.
3. Ease of installation - quick installation of the system is ensured due to the fact that the bottom of the pit is not concreted. Installation can be done on your own. The main thing is not to make a mistake in the calculations and correctly derive the parameters of the depth of occurrence and the angle of inclination of the pipes. With strict observance of all the necessary instructions, the installation of the Tank will not take much time and effort.
4. Unpretentiousness when leaving - for a sufficiently long period the system is able to do without technical support.

Tver system

The rating of septic tanks for summer cottages is continued by the Tver system. Its distinctive feature is its horizontal arrangement, due to which all cleaning zones are located one after the other. The cleaning zones of the device include a septic chamber, a bioreactor, an aeration tank, a secondary chamber, an aerator and a tertiary clarifier.

The body material of which the system is made is polypropylene with additional stiffening ribs. The septic tank does an excellent job of treating wastewater: evidence is the fact that purified water can be safely poured directly into the ground without fear of contamination. This septic tank needs electricity to operate the compressor, but when it is turned off, the cleaning does not stop.

The device is unpretentious in service.But during installation, you must be extremely careful, because there is a fairly high probability of inaccuracy. The best option would be the qualified help of professionals. Installation and proper sizing of the system is the key to its correct and efficient operation.

Rules for arranging a septic tank made of concrete

Having decided on a place for installing concrete rings, earthworks are required. This is done manually or with an excavator. The deeper you dig the hole, the more rings you will need, which means the larger the volume of the septic tank will be. The optimal depth is from 3 to 4.5 m. Depending on the chosen scheme, from one to three tanks can be installed.

One tank purifies the water rather poorly, since all the residues settle to the bottom, clogging the pores and preventing the water from being absorbed. In addition, it is completely unsafe for the environment, since soaking into the ground entails consequences for cultivated plants in the vicinity of the septic tank. That is why at least two tanks are often chosen. The presence of such purification allows to achieve a result above 85%, which guarantees the safety of the environment, eliminates unpleasant odors, and rarely pumps out sewage.

Each ring of a concrete septic tank must be laid on a cement mortar. This will achieve maximum tightness between the joints. It is recommended to dig a hole more in order to waterproof not only inside, but also outside. Installation of the first ring must be carried out on a dense concrete base. This can be a concrete bottom, or a screed, at least 20 cm in size. A lid is laid on top of each tank, in the center of which there is a hole for the hatch.The upper layers of concrete septic tanks must be insulated, since in this part there is a possibility of liquid freezing.

It is possible to organize the overflow of liquid between individual tanks using a plastic sewer pipe. It should be fixed with mounting foam.

About the septic tank and cesspool

The sewer system is installed for comfortable living in the house on the one hand, and the preservation of the environment, on the other. And if the first condition does not raise any questions, then with the second one it can be explained that the use of a huge amount of chemistry in recent years by a person has a detrimental effect on nature. Therefore, the use of a cesspool, as in the old days, is gradually becoming a thing of the past. Previously, toilet houses could cope with their role, since water from the bath and washing machine did not drain into them.

In addition to these, there are many more reasons why the installation of septic tanks wins over a cesspool. Take at least an unpleasant smell emanating from there and making you forget about the desired comfortable living conditions outside the city.

However, the cesspool has one advantage: efficiency. Indeed, installing reinforced concrete rings or constructing a concrete or brick structure can be much cheaper than buying and installing a septic tank. But full comfort with such a device is unlikely to be achieved.

That is why more and more summer residents and owners of country cottages are purchasing septic tanks for the sewer system.

Device, principle of operation

Any of the models has one or more hermetic containers, with one or more departments inside.

When the septic tank consists of several chambers, the drains settle in the first section. Heavy masses settle to the bottom, while light ones, on the contrary, rise to the surface. The resulting gases are removed by ventilation. As a result of settling in the middle, clarified and somewhat purified water is formed, which overflows through the pipe into the next section or chamber, where it continues to decompose. At this stage, the masses can be cleaned with anaerobic bacteria.

Further cleaning continues depending on the selected instrument model. Purification in this case can be equal to fifty percent, and can reach up to ninety-eight. In the first case, the water is unusable in any form. And in the second it can be used for technical purposes.

Types of septic tanks for a private house

A septic tank is a device designed to collect, settle and purify sewage. This is the main component of an autonomous sewer system. A septic tank for a toilet can have a different design and size, depending on its type.

Different models differ in material and shape, way of working and location.

Equipment is usually located underground, horizontally or vertically, depending on the design.

It can be made of concrete, metal, plastic and even brick.

According to the principle of work there are:

• storage septic tanks;
• having a soil cleaning system;
• with deep biological treatment.

The most serious treatment plants (third option) require an electrical connection.

The simplest type of septic tank is a sealed container.It looks like a cesspool, but does not have a harmful effect on the environment, as it has a bottom, and as it fills up, a sewage truck is specially called in to clean it up. This type of septic tank is not convenient, and therefore is used very rarely.

A more complex option is a septic tank, which has not only a chamber for accumulating waste, but also for producing some degree of purification. But, as a rule, it is not full-fledged and it is impossible to use it even for watering plants.

Treatment local stations have an even more complex design, but thanks to them it is possible to obtain a very high purification, which is achieved with the help of special biological microorganisms. However, for their full functioning, in most cases, it is necessary to permanently live in the house and connect the electrical network, which is not always convenient if power failures often occur.

Determining the body material

When purchasing a ready-made wastewater treatment plant, the consumer does not have much choice. Most models have a plastic case, as modern polymer materials have excellent technical and operational characteristics. Advantages of plastic septic tanks:

• Reliability and long service life. Despite constant contact with sewage, the plastic does not break down. Therefore, the polymer body of the septic tank can last 50 years or more without requiring replacement;
• Elasticity. The walls of the body of the septic tank are quite elastic, so they can easily withstand the loads created by the soil;
• Light weight.This circumstance significantly facilitates installation and, in some cases, makes it possible to do without the use of lifting equipment.

However, the small weight of the septic tank is also its disadvantage, since under the influence of soil water filling the pit, the light body of the septic tank can simply float to the surface, destroying the entire sewerage system.

To prevent the occurrence of such an emergency, plastic septic tanks are installed on a slab made of reinforced concrete and fixed to it with belts made of synthetic materials. When planning to build a septic tank on their own, summer residents, as a rule, use:

• Reinforced concrete well rings;
• Plastic eurocubes;
• Plastic barrels and other suitable materials.

When building a local sewage system, almost every homeowner is concerned about the question of how to choose a septic tank for a summer residence - which one is better to buy from the proposed installations? Or is it better to build the cameras yourself? It is almost impossible to give an unambiguous answer suitable for everyone and everyone. Since the choice of installation should be made taking into account local operating conditions: water consumption, frequency of use of the house, geological conditions on the site.

Types of septic tanks

Consider several varieties of septic tanks that can be considered for giving:

• with cleaning in the soil using drainage fields;
• accumulative type, with subsequent pumping out of the contents;
• with cleaning by biologically active bacteria.

According to the type of material, septic tanks are made of plastic, fiberglass, brick, concrete and metal.

The features of each design allow it to be used for small country houses or for full-fledged residential buildings.Let us consider in more detail the most popular, inexpensive and effective concrete septic tank.

From concrete rings

The design of the septic tank has excellent environmental compatibility with the environment. Great for giving. This method is the best way to treat small volume wastewater. The seal protects the surrounding soil from being contaminated by dirty drains.

Durability of operation. The robust reinforced concrete structure is most resistant to environmental conditions and any type of soil. Frequent cleaning of the sewer is not required, since the septic tank does not clog for a long time, functioning well for a long time.

Profitability. The design of a reinforced concrete well is simple, installation is available even for amateurs. Requires a minimum of costs for the purchase of materials and installation.

Choice of sizes. The dimensions, diameter and height of the sump are chosen according to the needs of the family.

Reliability. Concrete rings, reinforced with metal rods, can withstand any, even a very large load. The material is not subject to destruction, and due to its heavy weight, the system easily withstands the pressure of water and soil

Design autonomy. The installation does not require electricity and installation of pumping units.

The principle of operation of a concrete septic tank

A concrete cleaning system is a structure of several small sections. Represents 2-3 wells connected together. Each performs its own cleaning function; in combination, the system allows you to clean the liquid by 70-80%.

The most popular design of 3 wells, able to serve the needs of a small family. It is easy to install, inexpensive and takes up little space on the site. Does not require the arrangement of drainage fields. It can also be used in the garden.

Treatment septic tanks

Treatment septic tanks are completely autonomous structures. This means that they are not connected to the city water supply and the owners are solely responsible for maintaining the efficiency of the treatment system.

When a septic tank is neglected, it can become clogged with sediment and scale that cannot be broken down by bacteria. This will lead to costly repairs or complete destruction of the system with the replacement of the entire structure. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean the tank, check it and pump dirty water into the nearest body of water or the surrounding soil. To clean the septic tank, you need:

1. open the tank;
2. test the walls for cracks and leaks;
3. clean the filtration system;
4. measure the depth of the waste inside the tank;
5. then be sure to do a professional pumping waste.

Septic tanks without pumping

Modern local treatment septic tanks are large tanks where the liquid is treated. Then the water can be drained into a nearby reservoir and for irrigation of the summer cottage. Such structures are called septic tanks without pumping.

The following processes take place in the treatment tank without pumping out:

• sludge of dirt;
• accumulation in the lower part of large suspensions, followed by anaerobic decomposition;
• yeast hydrolysis of the upper layers of fat, with precipitation;
• supply of purified liquid to the upper tank, followed by oxygen saturation;
• sedimentation of water with lime filling;
• liquid disinfection with reagents.

To equip a local septic tank, it is imperative to mount filtration fields.

Aeration stations

To determine which septic tank is best for the home, one cannot ignore the aeration stations. Of course, the cost of such systems will be more expensive. To date, these are the most advanced microbiological treatment systems for domestic and household wastewater.

The design of such installations implies the presence of several compartments in the septic tank, where the effluents go through the stages of settling, mechanical separation, purification by anaerobic bacteria and aerobic microorganisms, and final filtration. Of course, such a septic tank requires maintenance.

Aeration station equipment

The quality of water treatment is a high degree of wastewater treatment. In this regard, a logical question arises, where to drain the water from the septic tank in winter?

The high quality of cleaning and the complete absence of odor allows the owner to use water for technical purposes. It is allowed to use purified liquid for watering plantings on the site. Multi-stage biotreatment allows, without harm to the environment, to dump liquid directly onto the ground or pour it into a roadside ditch.

In winter, an aeration septic tank for year-round use does not require the use of additional thermal insulation measures, since all processes of biomass processing by microorganisms proceed with the release of heat. The water in the tank does not freeze and does not require seasonal pumping out of the tank.

Will drains freeze in cold weather? Do I need to insulate a septic tank? If they are used constantly, they will definitely not freeze - a kind of bioreactor constantly works inside, releasing heat. In extreme cases, you can insulate by pouring a layer of straw or leaves on top.

During seasonal operation, it is recommended to fill the tank by 2/3 with drains, additionally insulating from above. So the container will not float and will not be crushed by frozen soil.We recommend that you additionally read the instructions for a particular model, the manufacturer may have a different opinion on this matter.

Conclusions about the pros and cons of the use of biological treatment plants in a suburban area.

Advantages: high quality of domestic wastewater treatment, no smell, the possibility of draining to the ground, the possibility of using water for watering plants and for technical needs. Disadvantages: high cost, the need for power supply to ensure the operation of aerators, the exactingness of qualified maintenance.

This is interesting: Drainage in a summer cottage is the easiest way to protect against water

5 TOPOL 9

If you are looking for a high-quality and durable autonomous septic tank for a private house or cottage, then we advise you to pay attention to Topol 9. The manufacturer claims that this model is characterized by increased reliability and durability and will serve properly for at least 100 years.

The septic tank is designed for a small house with a permanent number of residents up to 9 people. Volley discharge - up to 500 liters, while the daily output is 1.7 cubic meters of liquid.

The septic tank does not require frequent pumping, while the degree of waste treatment is quite high and amounts to 98%. Water can be used for household needs or simply drained into the ground without harm to the environment. The septic tank is easy to install, suitable for use in difficult soils and high groundwater levels. Users in the reviews note that Topol 9 provides complete environmental safety, no smell and does not require frequent attention.