How to take readings of water meters correctly

Payment of bills

According to this indicator, payments will be accrued from the day when an increased consumption of the resource was detected, until the moment when normal accounting for water consumption is restored.

Accruals on the average indicator will be made by the settlement centers only within a 3-month period. If during this period the problem is still not resolved, then further payments will be accrued according to the standard. This will take into account the number of residents in the apartment.

Consumers can demand recalculation of payments if a large water consumption has arisen due to the low temperature of the hot water supplied.

In this case, the tenant is recalculated for every 3 deviations from the norm, as well as for each hour of supply of the resource, the temperature of which does not exceed 40C.The consumer will pay for such hot water as for cold water. This is provided for in Appendix 1 of Decree No. 354.

Note! To recalculate, you should contact the settlement center or the water supply organization directly, which generate receipts for utility bills.

Installation process

Before proceeding with the process called installing the counter with your own hands, you need to read the instructions for all its components. It is necessary to check in the data sheet of the meter exactly what distance the straight pipe should be before and after it. The installation process consists of several stages:

In order not to get confused, it is initially better to lay out all the products in a line: a check valve, then a counter, a filter, and then a stopcock. All parts have arrows, they must be positioned so that they point in one direction.
Then connect all the parts in a "dry" form in order to calculate the turns. To do this, you need to take the filter and screw it onto the tap, while counting the turns. Usually there are no more than five
Pay special attention to which of the turns the sump will be at the bottom. Then unwind everything again, take the seal and carefully wrap it around the filter of the stopcock itself
It must be wound so that all grooves are completely closed. After that, it will already be possible to apply plumbing paste from above and carefully tighten the stopcock.
In the event that the water meter is used specifically for hot water, it is better to purchase paronite gaskets; if it is needed to control cold water, rubber ones should be taken. Very often, sealing rings and American women come in the same set with the counter.Such rings will not work, it is better to buy new ones, but American women (special pipes used to connect pipes) will do. Such a pipe must be screwed to the filter, again using the sealant (ordinary linen tow is also suitable), and then the counter. The second couple should be connected to the check valve.
The resulting design should be attached to the water meter. As a result, it should turn out so that the filter sump, the meter dial and the stopcock switch “look” up, and the impeller down.
After all the parts are connected, you can already embed them into the pipeline itself. At the same time, do not forget to turn off the water in advance, if your house is an apartment building - you cannot do such a procedure on your own, you should call the master from the water utility. Measure how long the structure turned out to be. The same distance should be measured on the pipe to the very joint. Substituting the basin on the floor (remaining water may flow), cut off the measured area.
In the event that the pipeline is metal, it will be possible to fix the structure to the supply pipe using a thread

It is very important to measure the distance correctly, because such a pipeline will not bend. It is possible to replace the entire section with polypropylene pipes, while the metal pipeline can be connected to plastic using special fittings for connection.
After completing a procedure such as installing a meter with your own hands, you need to check the performance of the system

Turn on the water and slowly unscrew the ball valve. You need to check the following points: is there a leak somewhere, is the meter itself working correctly and is it not malfunctioning.After that, you can already call a representative of the water utility for sealing. As a result, you are issued a technical passport and a document confirming the sealing of this meter. After that, you will already pay for water only in accordance with the readings of the water meter.

Correct readings

Even after installation, many users of water meters do not know how to take readings and how to enter them for a correct calculation.

First of all, you need to clarify which water meter is in front of you. This is easy to do with color. So, manufacturers produce blue or black meters, which show that they take into account the consumption of cold water. Red ones, in turn, are designed for hot water.

To account for the consumption of cold water, a red meter can also be used, since this is not prohibited. In this case, the owner makes a note on the device.

Color-coded counters

The meaning of the numbers on the counter

If you look at the device, then on its front side under the glass you can see a lot of numbers that an unprepared person is unlikely to decipher. So, there are 8 digits on the dial of the meter. Of these, the first five are black and three are red. The latter mean how many liters of water have been spent, they should not be taken into account.

The authorized organization is only interested in the first black digits, which mean the number of meters of water in cubic terms that were consumed over a given period of time.

Indicating the designations of numbers on the counter

After clarification, follow the given algorithm:

1. We write the data in black on a sheet of paper in exactly the order in which they appear on the dial.
2. Round the last number up. This is done when the number of liters indicated in red is more than 500.
3. We multiply this value by the UK tariff and enter the result into the receipt.

For a better understanding of what numbers need to be recorded, consider how the readings of the new meter change after a month of work.

So, devices were installed in the apartment that take into account the consumption of hot and cold water with zero readings at the time of installation, which look like this: 00000000.

Within the prescribed period, the owner of the apartment write out the expense data. On the dial, he saw, for example, the following value: 00019545.

This means that during the time of use, that is, the billing period, 19 cubic meters and 545 liters of water were spent. Since there are more than 500 liters, we round up the last digit. As a result, we get the consumption of 20 cubic meters of cold water.

For a device that takes into account the consumption of hot water, the algorithm of actions is no different.

To take readings from the meter next month, you need to round the amount again, if necessary, and subtract from it the number that was received in the previous month.

To check the correctness of the data, you should turn off the water in the entire house and see if the meters are working. If they continue to read data, then there may be a leak that needs to be found and fixed as soon as possible.

Roller scale counter

The eight roller counter is often referred to as the roller scale counter because it has eight numbered windows on its display panel. Three reds and five blacks, as a rule.

The number of cubic meters used is shown by the first 5 digits, while the consumption of liters is shown by the last three digits (called the fractional part).

The first five digits are the main part of the readings that fit into the receipt. If the fractional part is less than 499, then rounding to the nearest integer will be down, and if more than 500, then rounding up.

The difference between the readings of the water meter of the current and previous months is recorded in the receipt: 10 - 7 = 3 or 10 - 6 = 4 meters of cubic water.

It turns out that whether you round the fractional part or ignore it, the same number of cubic meters is paid. Decide for yourself which method is right for you, and stick to it month after month.

It happens that there are only five digits in the counters, that is, a fractional part is not provided (five roller water meters). Taking readings from such counters is even easier: no need to think about rounding.

Water meters with a roller scale: Beregun, Taipit, Valtec, Alekseevsky, Itelma, Norma, Meter, Economy, Okhta and others.

How to take readings from five-roller counters

On some counters, the integer part is represented by a roller scale, and the fractional part by three or four pointer scales.

Such counters are called "with a combined-roller digital scale" or five-roller. If you have a five-roller counter, you take the whole part of the readings from the roller numbers, and the fractional part from the arrows.

One arrow scale shows hundreds of liters consumed, the other tens, the third units. To get the value of the fractional part, you need to multiply the value of hundreds of liters by a factor of 0.1, multiply the value of tens by a factor of 0.01 and multiply the units by 0.001. Then add up the results of the calculations.

In our example, it will look like this: 7 * 0.1 + 5 * 0.01 + 9 * 0.001 \u003d 0.759 cubic meters.

We add the fractional part of the readings to the integer: 6 + 0.759. We get the water consumption according to the meter 6.759.

Since we write only integer values ​​​​on the receipt, your choice is to round the fractional part according to mathematical rules or ignore the fractional part.

In the first case, you get 7, in the second 6 cubic meters. Don't worry about unaccounted liters if you choose the non-rounding option. The spent part of the cubic meter will be paid by you in the next period.

Just like for eight-roller counters, when you first give readings, the entire figure from the counter goes to the receipt: 7 or 6, depending on whether you will round the fractional part or not.

Next month, we write down the difference in the new and past values ​​​​in the receipt: 5 (12 - 7) or 6 cubic meters (12 - 6) of water.

The main supplier of five-roller counters in Russia is the German manufacturer Zenner.

Where are water meters located and how do they work

Metering units are installed on all pipes of hot water and cold water systems included in the apartment. Sometimes the connection to the water supply occurs according to a complex scheme - the bathroom and kitchen are separately powered. We have to put meters on all connections to cold water, hot water. Access to them must be free. Supervisory organizations, representatives of the Council of an apartment building have the right to check the correct operation of meters 1 time in 6 months. So, they find craftsmen who install magnets, unwind the water meter dial, stop the rotation of the impeller. Violators pay for water at a rate with established multipliers and cover losses from the entire house.

It is permissible to place metering units in plastic boxes, they are mounted side by side, placed together with a block of the leakage protection system, stop valves. The panels of the boxes should open so that the seals and cells are visible. The principle of operation of counters is simple:

1. The counting mechanism is driven by the flow of water.
2. When the taps are open, the rotary indicator starts to turn.
3. The stronger the flow of water, the faster it rotates.

Induction, tachometric, electronic models have been developed. Each owner chooses them at his discretion.

Where are the counters located?

Plumbing and plumbing are always located near the entrance of the pipes to the apartment. Therefore, the counters are installed in the kitchen and bathroom.

The standard wiring of the supply system is arranged according to the principle: the upper pipe is hot water, the lower one is cold. But there may be another version of execution: to whom it is more convenient.

Water meters in the apartment are placed on each riser. There may be several. It depends on the layout of the house and the presence of a heating system.

During installation, free access to the devices should be provided to make it more convenient to watch the readings of the water meter.

Each instrument is commissioned by a resource provider. An appropriate act is drawn up, which is approved by the signatures of the consumer and the representative of the enterprise. Seals must be installed, and the numerical values ​​\u200b\u200bfrom which accounting begins are indicated.

How to calculate a receipt for gas according to the meter

Each of these meters has a mechanical display in its equipment, which reflects the current readings of the consumed resource, in our case, natural gas.These indicators correspond to the total amount of its consumption, so only certain numbers need to be fixed for payment.

Before buying, it is better to check with them which meter they will agree to install. Agree with the company installing the meters on a specific time for installing the devices. Payment by gallus meters with smart cards Total amount, information about the debt (if any), account number and so on, including consumption rates, signature, and current date. Also, many receipts contain complete information about the organization in whose name payments are made (address, telephone, e-mail, and so on, including the working hours). From personal experience, it is much more convenient to pay for utilities via the Internet, fill out the form once, register, you get a single payment number (gas, electricity, water) for all utilities and simply enter the amount to be paid, the sample is saved on the site. True, you need to open a bank account (refill it periodically) from this account you pay for services.

Interesting: Denial of Privatization in Favor of Another

Checking water meters

The correct operation of these devices must be checked periodically. This is done by a special metrological service. Cold water meters are checked strictly every 6 years, hot - once every 4 years. The procedure is available both at home and in the verification service. Without it, after the specified period, the readings of your water meters will not be taken into account by the management company.

If it seemed to you that the counter began to work incorrectly, then you can check it yourself:

1. Record the exact readings of the eight digits on the instrument.
2. Completely fill a 20 liter canister five times with cold or hot water (depending on the water meter you are testing).
3. In fact, you used exactly 100 liters of water.
4. Check how much the water meter shows. If the indicators have shifted to numbers that are far from 100 liters upwards, then it makes sense to check the operation, the tightness of all plumbing, and possibly replace the device.

Steps to take if there is a difference in readings

You can contact the management or sales company for clarification without an application. Approach the accounting department with a receipt for the latest payments and fresh instrument readings. If the error is technical, then the employees will record the correct data by fixing the problem.

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An application addressed to the director of the company will be needed if the economic department does not agree with the arguments of the owner of the apartment, for example, considers his testimony to be underestimated.

When contacting motivated, explain the reason for the discrepancy with the information from the receipt. A counter will be assigned to confirm the correctness of one of the parties.

Visual differences in hot and cold water meters

The widespread use of ICS (decoding - separate measuring devices) has allowed resource consumption to be controlled, which has led to significant savings. Among the main instruments that are accounted for by meters, water supply is one of the most important.Depending on the device of the communication system of an apartment or house, an object can be equipped with one or two devices.

There are visual differences that you should pay attention to when buying and installing:

1. Data in a box. Hot water IPU is labeled "DHW", cold water - "cold water". It is believed that the first option is universal and can be installed in any system, and the second is only suitable for a specific application.
2. The color of the factory seal (frame) or lines on the case. Hot water meters are red, cold water meters are blue. This characteristic feature allows you to quickly and accurately determine the purpose of the device.
3. Maximum water temperature to pass. Each mechanism in the main part has a list of technical characteristics, which includes the allowable temperature range. For cold water it is from +5 to + 50 ° С (there are options up to +30 or + 40 ° С), for hot water - up to +90.

There are several types of certified water meters, but in all models designed to measure cold water, there is a blue or blue color, hot water meters are decorated with red edges.

Some modern devices do not have clear visual differences, so you should definitely look at the information in your passport.

Calculation example

Anyone who lives in a private house or apartment with water meters can independently calculate the estimated payment amount for the billing period.

This requires the following information:

• Indicators for measuring devices in systems of cold and hot water supply.
• Details of both bills last month. If there are no entries, the data can be found on the receipt.
• current rate. For each subject of the Russian Federation is individual. You can explain the information on special sites where expenses are published in the current period or on a payment receipt.

1. Delete data from the separate hot water meter (conventional 000845456) and cold water meter (000157.250).
2. Prepare a certificate for the past period: HWS - 00080 255, cold water consumption - 000 1477 155.
3. Check the rate for the region. It is believed that the increase in value is allowed every year. So in Moscow since July 1, 2018. For most areas, one cube of cold water costs 35.40 rubles, hot - 173.02 rubles.
4. Specify the amount of resources consumed per month. To do this, the current values ​​​​are subtracted from the previous ones (a whole cubic meter is taken as the basis). For hot water supply: 85–80 = 5 m3, for cold water: 157–147 = 10 m3.
5. Let's calculate the payment amount:

DHW: 5 m3 x 173.02 = 865.1 s.

Cold water: 10 m3 x 35.40 = 354 r.

Total for the month: 865.1 + 354 = 1219.1 points

Waste water calculation is based on general data. Some service organizations post an online calculator on their websites that calculates each delivered resource, but only as part of the information.

We consider resource costs

Water consumption calculation

Before analyzing the water consumption formula, it is important to understand the design of the water meter, at least in general terms. Inside a standard tachometer there is an impeller that rotates as the water flows through it.

The numbers that we see on the water meter are the revolutions that the impeller made in a month. The design of the device is such that when a sufficiently strong magnet is applied to it, the counter will stop and stop recording the speed of the impeller.Outdated meter models do not have anti-magnetic protection inside their design, and therefore are especially vulnerable to fraudsters. That is why anti-magnetic seal stickers are now often installed to track this kind of theft.

So, we need to track how much water was used this month. For such a calculation, we need to subtract the readings for the last month from the current readings.

Please note that the dials on the counters may differ:

• Metering devices with five black numbers - show cubic meters;
• Metering devices with five black and three red digits show liters.

Let's say this month the counter shows 214 cubes, and in the past it was 207. Accordingly, in order to calculate the consumption this month, we need to make a simple calculation:

V (water consumption) \u003d 214 - 207 \u003d 7 cubic meters of water.

If you have two cold water meters installed, you must first add up the current readings, and then subtract the readings for the past month. That is, if this month the counter counted 209 and 217, and last 202 and 211, then the calculation scheme will look like this:

V (water consumption) \u003d 209 + 217 - 202 - 211 \u003d 13 cubic meters of water.

The calculation formula is quite simple, but it is important not to confuse the readings of hot and cold water, as well as the readings for the current month and the previous one. With the help of such calculations, you can track how much water was spent this month, if more than last month, then you need to spend more economically.

Calculation of electricity consumption

We use electricity with the same frequency as water, and sometimes even more often, because large household appliances - for example, a refrigerator - work without interruption.It is quite natural that accounting for the consumption of this resource is of great importance.

Of course, electricity consumption directly depends on the time of year: in summer the nights are short and it gets dark quite late, so the lights turn on much less often, at the same time, in the hot summer period, you don’t want to stand at the stove for a long time and cook - in the heat, appetite is much lower. While in winter the daylight hours are incomparably shorter and you have to use the lamp almost the whole day, and the desire to drink hot tea increases significantly. This is not even to mention those cases when the low temperature in the apartment forces the use of electric heaters.

Electricity metering devices are in many ways similar to water meters. To date, most often you can find two types of electricity meters:

• Meters with a mechanical indicator - outwardly very reminiscent of water meters.
• Display meters are a more modern version of metering devices, you can often find models with a button to quickly switch to the desired indicator.

Regardless of the type, the electric meter is able to show exactly how much electricity you have spent since its installation. The meter measures the consumed electricity in kWh.

The formula for calculating electricity costs will not differ from the formula for water - you need to subtract the readings for the previous month from the current readings.

Energy Consumption: Examples of Costs of Different Appliances

Often, conscious and responsible citizens ask themselves questions: how much electricity does my refrigerator consume? How can I save energy?

On the Internet on this topic, you can find a lot of interesting statistics that allow you to figure out how much energy this or that device “eats up”.A good example would be the table below:

With the help of such tables, you can understand which devices you can save on using, as well as imagine how many kW will be spent on the daily use of a particular device. Of course, the final figure for the month may differ depending on the number of people in the family.