How can you make an air conditioner with your own hands at home?

A simple homemade air conditioner

The principle of operation of such coolers is to blow room air through objects with a negative temperature. In this capacity, ice or cold accumulators are usually used, designed for special bags used for the summer transportation of products.

Cold sources are placed inside a closed box, and an axial fan is built into its wall. On the other hand, a hole is made for the exit of the cooled stream. What is not used to make the case:

• old car refrigerator with insulated walls;
• capacious plastic bottles for 5 liters of water and more;
• boxes made of cardboard or plastic with lids;
• canisters made of polymeric materials.

It looks like the simplest design of the cooler

This mini air conditioner is also suitable for cooling the interior of the car, you just need to correctly connect the air blower to the on-board electrical network and stock up on the right amount of ice in advance.

Advantages and disadvantages of the design

It is noteworthy that such devices really drive cold air into the room. In addition, simple air conditioners are actually made from improvised materials, whose price tends to zero. The maximum that you have to spend money on is an axial fan, if it is not found in the household.

Installing and connecting the device in the car

Unfortunately, the disadvantages cross out all the advantages of the cooler:

1. No matter how much ice is put into the chamber, in the heat it will not last for a long time, so you need to constantly freeze new water.
2. While you are cooling one room, the next room is heated by a refrigerator where ice is being prepared. Plus, the power consumption increases.
3. The duration of the operation of the unit in the car depends on the supply of ice taken with you.
4. The air passing through the ice is partially humidified. After some time, the room will become oversaturated with moisture, which will make you feel even worse than from exposure to heat.

Conclusion. The above air conditioners, made by hand, can be considered efficient. They can help you out in a hopeless situation, but the operation of the cooler is a rather troublesome business.

Varieties of cold accumulators

How long is the ice in the chamber

To answer this question, let's calculate how much cold will be released by 1 kg of ice when heated from a freezing temperature of -6 °C to +20 °C. To do this, we use the formula for calculating heat depending on the heat capacity.

You need to perform 4 steps:

1. We consider the return of cold during ice melting: Q \u003d 1 kg x 2.06 kJ / kg ° С x (0 ° С - 6 ° С) \u003d -12.36 kJ.
2. We find the reference value of the energy released during the melting of ice - 335 kJ.
3. We calculate how much cold water will transfer when heated: Q \u003d 1 kg x 4.187 kJ / kg ° С x (0 ° С - 20 ° С) \u003d -83.74 kJ.
4. We add up the results and get -431.1 kJ or 119.75 W.

Even if you freeze ice to a temperature of minus 15 ° C, you are unlikely to get more than 150 W of cold from 1 kg. This means that for intensive cooling of a room 3 x 3 m in case of heat over 30 degrees, you will have to add 1 kg of ice to a home-made air conditioner every 20-30 minutes and freeze the same amount. In practice, the consumption will be less if you are satisfied with a tolerable air temperature - 25-28 ° C.

How to assemble an air cooler

A mini air conditioner for a home or car is made as follows:

1. Cut a hole in the side wall of the container, equal in size to the working section of the fan.
2. Screw the cooler with self-tapping screws or put it on small bolts.
3. To exit the cooled stream, make a second hole. Another option is to put a corrugated plastic tube on the neck of the bottle or canister. The device is ready.

It remains to install and connect an impromptu air conditioner. The wires from the cooler can be brought to the cigarette lighter socket, in the circuit of which there is a powerful fuse. The manufacturing and connection process is shown in detail in the video:

Does it make sense to buy a factory split system?

Air conditioners have firmly entered the lives of people, especially those who live in the southern part of the country. This device has become one of the most indispensable. But in addition to the positive properties, factory coolers also have a large number of disadvantages.

The advantages of ready-made climate systems include:

• Creation of comfortable climatic conditions in the room with any acceptable temperature;
• Filtration of incoming air:
• The presence of humidifiers and ionizers in many modern devices that maintain the microclimate in the living room;

These three advantages are enough to buy a split system in the midst of a hot summer.

But it is necessary to take into account some disadvantages:

• Modern split systems require competent care, regular cleaning. If the device is not cleaned in a timely manner, fungi and pathogenic microorganisms multiply on its parts, which, together with the emitted air masses, enter the living room and provoke the development of allergic reactions;
• Despite the guarantee of quality, many modern split systems require regular maintenance. Masters will be able to see the violation in the operation of the device in time and prevent its further breakdown;
• The factory cooler consumes enough energy, so in the summer you will have to pay more for electricity;
• Old models of air conditioners that are not equipped with built-in humidifiers, with frequent operation, lead to a decrease in the percentage of humidity in the room. This can adversely affect the condition of the skin, organs of vision, the nasopharyngeal mucosa;
• Due to the frequent operation of the factory cooler at the lowest temperatures, the likelihood of developing catarrhal pathologies increases.

After evaluating the pros and cons of factory split systems, you can decide is it worth buying similar devices or you can try to do without them.

Cooling with Peltier elements

The use of these parts to assemble a homemade air conditioner is a moot point. It's all about the energy consumption of Peltier elements (in other words, thermoelectric converters), which is incomparable with the amount of cold produced. Outwardly, they look like plates with 2 wires, when electricity is connected, one surface of the element generates heat, and the second - cold.

How do home craftsmen and car enthusiasts - enthusiasts striving for comfort:

1. They buy from 4 to 8 Peltier elements and mount them with the "hot" side on a finned aluminum radiator.
2. Install this radiator in such a way that it is cooled by street air.
3. A cooler from a computer is attached to the “cold” side of the converters so that it supplies room air to the plate.

Scheme of air cooling with a Peltier converter

Peltier elements really cool the air flow, but at the same time they simply devour electricity. After all, half of the energy is wasted, as it is converted into heat and dissipated in the atmosphere. That is, for each W of electricity spent, you will receive no more than 0.5 W of cold, while in a split system this ratio is completely different - 1: 3. How it works in practice, you can see in the next video:

Air conditioner efficiency

How efficiently the equipment will work, and how much electricity will be spent, depends on the specific operating conditions.

Condition one.Suppose a heating device is installed next to the air conditioner. Then the compressor:

• will work almost continuously;
• will consume a lot of energy;
• will soon be out of order.

Condition two. Ordinary dust that has penetrated the system can reduce the performance of the air conditioner and even disable it. So you should regularly and thoroughly carry out wet cleaning.

Condition three. It is not allowed to put any objects on the surface of the block.

Condition four. Do not cover the air conditioner.

Condition five. Evaporation of the refrigerant can be eliminated if, when installing the system, carefully seal any joints and joints.

Condition six. The outdoor unit must be lower than the indoor unit. For its installation, it is necessary to choose the coolest zone on the outer side of the wall. For example, a roof overhang can form an eternal shadow.

If all the above conditions for installing the air conditioner are observed, then the system will work smoothly, creating the desired comfort in the premises.

The principle of operation of a household split system

An air conditioner is a complex household appliance that operates on the principle of transferring heat from one place to another: in summer - from an apartment to the street, in winter - from the environment to the house. An interesting substance is used to move heat - freon, which can boil and turn into gas at a negative temperature.

Traditional units consist of 2 blocks - outdoor and indoor

The home split system works according to a cyclic algorithm:

1. First, the refrigerant in the liquid state enters the heat exchanger of the indoor module of the air conditioner (evaporator), blown by a centrifugal fan.This is where freon evaporates, due to which the flow of room air cools sharply.
2. Further, the gas enters the compressor through a copper tube, which raises its pressure to a certain value. The task is to make the working fluid condense in the street, where the air temperature is even higher than in the room.
3. After the compressor, gaseous freon passes through the radiator of the outdoor unit (condenser). A large axial fan forces air through its fins and the refrigerant liquefies again, releasing room heat to the outside.
4. At the last stage, the pressure of the liquid working fluid is reduced by passing through the expansion (throttle) valve. Now freon is again ready to absorb heat and moves into the indoor unit, the cycle repeats again.

Scheme of the factory air conditioner

The electronic control unit (ECU), which receives signals from various sensors, is responsible for maintaining the temperature of the room air and the pressure of the refrigerant in the system. The car air conditioner functions according to the same principle, the evaporator is built into the interior ventilation system, and the condenser is installed near the regular radiator of the cooling system.

Now you understand that making an evaporative-type air conditioner at home is not as easy as it might seem. And for a car, this is even more difficult to implement, here you need to be a master - a refrigerator. As an example, we suggest watching a video where such a specialist installed a household split system in his VAZ 2104 car:

Next, let's analyze the designs of air conditioners invented by craftsmen and highlight the most efficient devices that can be recommended for manufacture.

Using a cardboard box

The basis of this cooling system is a conventional fan and ice. At the same time, all used during the installation process can be easily brought to their original position without any damage.

In the process of manufacturing a home split system, you will need the following parts:

• Thick cardboard box. Its dimensions should freely accommodate a large pan;
• aluminum pan;
• Desktop fan;
• Scotch;
• Needle and thick threads;
• Sharp knife;
• Ruler;
• Simple pencil;
• Pieces of ice.

1. At the first stage, a structure is constructed from the prepared box, which will correspond to the size of the pan. To do this, cut the box with a knife, cut out its bottom and lid (they should be equal to the diameter of the pan);
2. The box can be reassembled, for this it is assembled in cut places and treated with glue in several layers;
3. From the rest of the cardboard you need to cut a square box cover;
4. A circle should be marked in its center, its diameter should be 3 cm larger than the span of the impeller from the table fan;
5. The cut circle should be set aside, the rest of the sheet will need to cover the prepared structure;
6. The entire box must be carefully glued with adhesive tape or glue so that the structure does not collapse during operation;
7. Small holes will also have to be sealed if they were on the side walls of the box (for example, for fingers);
8. On one side of the box, cut a rectangular hole 10 cm long and 4 cm wide. It is from this rectangle that cool air will flow into the room;
9. Now you need to cut two identical strips from the remnants of cardboard, their length should be 3 mm less than the cutout on the box, and the width should be 5-6 mm more;
10. Connect two rectangles together with a large needle and hard dense threads (all corners of the cardboard should be connected with threads, but so that they can be separated by 4 cm from each other);
11. Insert the connected cartons into the side cut-out opening of the structure. Each of them should fit snugly against the top or bottom of the cut hole;
12. Using the same large needle and thick threads, sew cardboard boxes opposite each other to the structure itself. In this case, the threads do not need to be tightened, they are fixed with knots;
13. Lay a dense piece of cloth on the floor, put a pan on it;
14. Remove the front mesh from the fan, put it on the pan;
15. Put large pieces of ice on the grid. You can freeze it in medium-sized plastic cups. For the operation of a home air conditioner, 5-6 pieces are required;
16. Cover the ice structure with the prepared box;
17. Insert a fan into the cut-out space that is located on the lid of the structure so that its impellers look at the floor (at a pan with a grid and ice);
18. Turn on the fan in the network and start any cooling mode on it.

This design can cool the living space up to 2-3 hours. After that, the ice will melt and the pan will fill with water. Owners will need to monitor the timely replacement of water. Otherwise, the fan may fall into the interior of the structure and fall into the water. This will result in a short circuit.

The easiest way to make an air conditioner from a fan

This method is suitable for a small room and a table fan. Put several bottles of water in advance (you can take any: glass, tin, plastic) in the freezer, wait until the water in them turns into ice. Then put the ice bottles in front of the fan, making small gaps between them. Turn on the fan and voila! - We made a home air conditioner out of a fan.

Instead of bottles, you can try glasses of frozen water, but bottles are more preferable in our experience. You can also try this method on a floor fan - most importantly, take larger bottles - 1.5 or 2 liters.

Homemade air conditioner from a fan and plastic bottles

This method is as simple as the previous one. You need to take a few plastic bottles with ice and hang them on a floor fan, which is much larger than a table fan. The fastening can be made of steel wire. Wrap the wire around the neck of the bottle and twist it several times to make a loop, then place it on the fan and secure with the free ends.

Home air conditioner from a bottle and a cooler from a computer

To make it, you will need a 5 liter plastic bottle, a small fan and a power source for it, a knife, a marker and ice. It is better to freeze a lot of ice in advance.

Put the bottle, and on top of it is a fan, circle it with a marker. Next, cut a hole along the marked lines with a knife. Where the cover is located, make a hole for air to escape. Insert the fan into the prepared hole and fix it, pour ice into the bottle and turn on the fan.

Fan and copper tube air conditioner

It will be a little more difficult and costly to make this device than in the previous three methods, but such an air conditioner can lower the air temperature even in a large room.

Roll the copper tube into a spiral so that the final workpiece is the size of the fan guard. Lock the turns with using cable ties. Vinyl tubes need to be attached to the ends of the copper tube - use hose clamps to do this. Check that they are securely fixed: water will circulate through the tubes and should not leak anywhere.

Then attach the pipes to the pump, draw water into the cooler and connect the pump. After it has been running for a few minutes, turn on the fan and enjoy the cool air.

Homemade air conditioner from a plastic bottle and a fan

Another way to make air conditioning at home. Take a 5-liter bottle, cut off the neck and make about 20 small holes in the middle. Place ice inside the bottle and insert a fan on top. Such an air conditioner will drive cold air until the ice melts.

Outdoor unit installation

If the air conditioner is installed in a private house, then the outdoor unit is easy to place. But its installation on the building of an apartment building raises many questions.

The air conditioner is attached in such a way that it can be reached from the balcony. After all, the unit will periodically have to be serviced.

Outdoor unit installation

It is best to fix the block on the north or east side of the window (balcony). It is advisable to install the system in the lower part of your outdoor territory. Then, if necessary, it will be easier to reach the system by opening the window.

Using a tool such as a level, the attachment points for the brackets are marked. Holes are drilled in the wall for the installation of anchor bolts.

To conduct inter-unit communication, a through hole is drilled. A sufficient diameter is 8 cm. If the wall is brick, it is advisable to make a hole between the bricks, at the place where they are laid. Then the hole will come out more accurate, and less effort will be expended.

Next, the system is connected, as well as closing the resulting gap. Before proceeding to the next stage of installation of the structure, you should make sure that the outdoor unit is fixed sufficiently securely.

How profitable is the use of a heat pump?

Theoretically, any person has a large selection of energy sources. In addition to natural gas, electricity, coal, it is also wind, sun, temperature difference between land and air, land and water.

In practice, the choice is limited, because everything rests on the cost of equipment and its maintenance, as well as the stability of operation and the payback period of installations.

Each of the energy sources has both advantages and serious disadvantages that limit its use.

Installing a heating system with a heat pump is beneficial in terms of ease of use. During the operation of the equipment there is no noise, no foreign odors, no chimneys or other auxiliary structures are required.

The system is volatile, but the heat pump requires a minimum amount of electricity to operate.

The heat pump is a good alternative to conventional heating systems. To reduce the initial cost of equipment, you can assemble it yourself

The thermal installations themselves are extremely economical and do not require much maintenance, but their initial cost is very high.

Not every owner of a house or cottage can afford to buy such expensive equipment. If you assemble it yourself and use parts from an old refrigerator, you can save a lot.

Heat pumps for industrial production are expensive. It is believed that their installation pays off in an average of 5-7 years of work, however, this period depends on the initial price of the structure and can be much longer.

Home-made installations literally cost a penny, and their use allows you to significantly save.

The only caveat: the performance of homemade products is low, and they cannot be a full-fledged replacement for traditional heating systems. Therefore, they are often used as additional or alternative heating options.

BENEFITS OF USING A HOMEMADE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

So, we looked at how you can make an air conditioner at home. What are the benefits of using it? The main advantages of homemade devices presented above are:

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1. Saving money.
2. Great for use in the country house and country house, where it is impractical to build a professional system. People come to the dacha mainly in summer, and in winter, an expensive device without security can be stolen.
3. The opportunity to get a lot of positive emotions from the knowledge that you were able to make such a useful thing as an air conditioner with your own hands.
4. Gaining new knowledge and experience in the field of remaking one thing into another.
5. There is no need for expensive maintenance and preventive maintenance equipment.
6. Comfort and vivacity in the room due to air cooling in summer.
7. No need to periodically purchase and change filters, since they are absent in almost all the considered devices.

As it turned out, making a homemade air conditioner in an apartment is not so difficult. And anyone can handle this. It is only necessary to delve into the principle by which a conventional household air conditioner works, and begin to act. published

P.S. And remember, just by changing your consumption, we are changing the world together! econet

Simplified designs for the home

One of these designs is a water heat exchanger combined with a conventional floor fan. To make such a primitive cooler, you need to take a copper tube and roll it into a spiral, attaching it to the fan's protective grille. For installation, you can use plastic clamps used for fastening wiring in cars. The ends of the tube are connected to the water supply, and the fan is connected to the network.

copper tube attaches directly to the fan grille

Bottle air conditioner is placed in the window opening

The original design was invented in one of the African countries, where it is traditionally hot and, in addition, there is no electricity supply. The device works on the basis of the law of physics, which states that the temperature of a gas passing through a sudden contraction and expansion drops by several degrees (up to 5 ° C).The neck of the same plastic bottle acts as such a narrowing, and in order to get more chilled air, you need to use a dozen of these necks.

For manufacturing, you need to drill plywood and cut the bottles

A non-volatile air conditioner is done like this:

1. Cut a piece of plywood or fiberboard the size of an opening window. Check how many bottles you can put on it close to each other.
2. Cut off the necks on all bottles and twist the corks. Then place them on a sheet of plywood and mark the centers of the holes with a pencil.
3. Make holes with a core drill whose diameter matches the neck. Insert cut bottles into them.
4. Attach plywood to the outside of the window opening so that the bottles stick out to the street.

Assembly is easy - bottles are inserted into the holes

The device is suitable for a country house, where other options cannot be applied due to the lack of the required amount of water or power outages.