How a vacuum cleaner works: design and operation features of various types of vacuum cleaners

Application features

The service life and efficiency of use depend largely on how correctly you use the device and how you care for it.

To make your vacuum cleaner last as long as possible, read the reviews and take into account the recommendations of those who have already purchased the same model.

When using this technique, it is worth remembering that it is intended only for dry cleaning and cleaning. Its advantage can be called the absence of the need to regularly clean the equipment.The container is cleaned and washed only as it gets dirty, however, it should not be tightened with care in order to reduce the dust return to a minimum.

When choosing one or another option, give preference to trusted manufacturing companies that are widely known in the market and have a good reputation. And in order for the vacuum cleaner to work for a long time and without a hitch, you should correctly use it according to the instructions.

The Best Robotic Pool Vacuum Cleaners

The peculiarity of the robot vacuum cleaner for the pool is fully automatic operation, requiring almost no user intervention. He independently forms and corrects the trajectory of movement, overcomes obstacles on the way, collects garbage. The only thing a person may need to do is connect the device to the mains and clean the filter from accumulated debris. It is these 3 models that are added to this rating category.

Dolphin Prox2

The Dolphin Prox2 professional robot vacuum cleaner is designed to clean the walls, bottom and waterline of pools up to 25 m long. It works offline and requires almost no human intervention. The device saves the building from all types of pollution. This model is especially relevant in bowls with depth differences due to independent development of the route and overcoming steps. Cleaning can last 4, 6 and 8 hours, depending on the condition of the water.

Equipment for cleaning pools has a good suction capacity of garbage - 16 m³ / h, thanks to which it cleans well. The technique is suitable for any cladding. The vacuum cleaner is equipped with a 30 m long cable, so it is relevant for cleaning large areas. In this case, the wire is not twisted during operation.The Dolphin Prox2 features a dual motor drive for high speed and maneuverability when overcoming obstacles. For ease of maintenance, a delay start function is provided.

Advantages

• Presence of the indicator of fullness of the filter;
• Eliminates small and large debris (algae, leaves, etc.);
• Remote control;
• The set includes a trolley for storage and transportation;
• Weight - 9.5 kg.

Flaws

High price.

Zodiac Vortex RV 5400 PRO 4WD

Device Zodiac Vortex RV The 5400 PRO 4WD is equipped with 4 large enough wheels for smooth movement on the surface. High-quality suction of debris and cleaning are provided with minimal human intervention. During cleaning, dirt does not clog the filter due to the constant circulation of water inside. Regular use of a vacuum cleaner to clean the pool reduces the likelihood of algae formation.

The Zodiac Vortex RV 5400 PRO 4WD model cleans the waterline, bottom, walls. The kit includes an 18 m cable that allows you to clean structures up to 12 x 6 m in size. The cable is protected from loops by rotating around its axis. The well-thought-out design of the filter prevents debris from settling on the walls and thus eliminates the risk of reduced suction power. This is an all-terrain robot that perfectly adheres to all types of surfaces, including ponds with a flat bottom.

Advantages

• Easily overcomes obstacles on the way;
• Ease of extracting the robot from the water;
• Reduced power consumption;
• Ejection of collected garbage with one click on the corresponding button;
• 2 cleaning modes.

Flaws

Doesn't sink right into the water.

The device is equipped with lamellar brushes that actively clean the walls and bottom of the pool. This is possible due to their location at a certain distance from the drive and due to the faster rotation compared to the movement of the vacuum cleaner itself.

Hayward SharkVac XL Pilot

…Tested this model. And it is quite silent, maneuverable, easy to operate. He copes with his task with a solid five ...

Expert opinion

The Hayward SharkVac XL Pilot bottom robot vacuum cleaner is suitable for most types of home pools with an area of ​​50-80 m². It cleans the waterline, walls, including inclined ones, the bottom, both flat and with differences in height.

Productivity of the device makes 17 m3/h that guarantees high-quality and fast cleaning. For this, special rubber tracks with a brush are provided in the kit. The manufacturer has provided two cycles of work - 120/180.

The device weighs 12 kg and has a 17 m long reinforced cable that does not twist during operation. After cleaning is completed, the model automatically enters standby mode. The body is made of shock-resistant ABS plastic. The operating temperature range is from +10 to +35 degrees Celsius. The equipment is guaranteed for 12 months.

Advantages

• Not very noisy;
• Perfectly cleans round bowls with ledges;
• Doesn't scratch walls
• Powerful;
• Does not turn off during operation when encountering debris.

Flaws

Not low cost.

Accessories

From separately purchased components, you can independently assemble accessories for the vacuum cleaner (paint sprayer, separator). This approach will help to save as much as possible on the re-equipment of the vacuum cleaner without sacrificing quality.An adapter (adapter) allows you to use nozzles from a vacuum cleaner model from another manufacturer. This approach maximizes the scope of use of the device while significantly saving money. Those who own a lathe can make a universal adapter for a vacuum cleaner with their own hands according to drawings from the Internet. A corrugated hose (corrugated) is usually used to connect the body to the brush.

The aspirator is used to suck fluid from the respiratory system with a vacuum cleaner. The aspirator works according to Bernoulli's law due to the pressure difference. Forced removal of mucus and fluid is necessary for bronchial asthma, pneumonia, congestion in the organs of the upper respiratory tract. The design of the aspirator makes its use completely safe. With the help of adapters, the vacuum cleaner turns into a universal device for cleaning the floor, carpets and furniture from dust, painting the car, treating the garden from pests, airing the cellar and polycarbonate greenhouse, cooking barbecue and stewed potatoes on the grill.

For apartments where patients with tuberculosis, HIV, venereal and other chronic and dangerous diseases live, it is recommended to pay attention to a wet cleaning brush with a built-in UV emitter. When the emitter is turned on and a 2% chloramine solution is used for wet cleaning, the vacuum cleaner provides complete sterilization of the room for 3 hours

What other vacuum cleaners are there?

The listed types of vacuum cleaners are not the whole range of possible options.

Robot vacuums

Progress does not stand still and robot vacuum cleaners are gaining more and more popularity among consumers. An innovative type of technology allows you to clean the premises without the participation of the hostess.

This vacuum cleaner is:

1. A disk-shaped device powered by batteries.
2. The diameter of the disc is 25-35 cm, and the height of such a vacuum cleaner does not exceed 13 cm.
3. Cleaning brushes are located on the bottom and sides of the device.
4. The robot is equipped with a 3-4 stage filtration system.

Models of modern technology are equipped with many functions:

• they can perform cleaning along the programmed route a predetermined number of times;
• able to remove dust and debris not only from a flat surface, but also under armchairs, tables and chairs;
• can unload the dust into the container, etc.

However, this miracle technique also has its drawbacks, in particular:

• Low efficiency.
• Possibility of getting stuck.
• Doesn't move well on carpet.

Vacuum cleaner with steam cleaner

The device in the form of a mop with a steam cleaner is a very compact unit for cleaning. In appearance, the vacuum cleaner really resembles a mop, but instead of a rag, this device uses a special steam nozzle.

The design of the vacuum cleaner is similar to the design of washing models. The only difference is the steam generator installed in the housing.

Thanks to a large number of nozzles, cleaning becomes quite a simple matter, in addition, with the help of steam you can disinfect any things and any surfaces. You will find different models of this group in the comparative review "Vacuum cleaners with steam cleaner".

However, this technique has its drawbacks.:

• Sudden changes in temperature negatively affect fabric, tiles and stone.
• Higher cost, compared even with washing models.
• fragility.
• Limited opportunities.

Types of vacuum cleaners

Today, users are offered different types of similar equipment, classified depending on the type of cleaning for which it is intended and design.

Users need to remember that the class to which a vacuum cleaner belongs determines its suitability for cleaning a particular room and the ability to clean various surfaces. To choose the right model, you need to understand the classification of such devices.

Washing and dry cleaning

After that, the polluted water through the mud channels enters another tank designed for it.

Such models will come to the rescue when you need to fully clean up a large room. Such a device is not suitable if you need to do daily cleaning, as it has larger sizes.

Horizontal and vertical

Among the main advantages of vertical models, it is worth highlighting the absence of the need for their constant assembly. After completing the cleaning, you can place such a structure in a closet or behind the door - it needs no more space than a regular mop.

Another advantage is its maneuverability, so it will be possible to tidy up the room much faster than using an ordinary vacuum cleaner.

Some types of such vacuum cleaners are suitable if you need to do wet cleaning. Air purification in such devices is carried out by anti-allergic filters that make up the design of the device.

Horizontal devices are a body with wheels. They are equipped with compartments for the accumulation of dust and a motor unit. Dust suction is carried out by pipes.They also have various nozzles that allow you to penetrate even into hard-to-reach corners of the house. These models run on electricity.

Robot vacuum cleaners and built-in devices

The robotic vacuum cleaner is shaped like a hockey puck. Only it has a larger size, which makes it possible to use it for cleaning under a bed or a large closet, but limits the size of dust containers.

As for built-in structures, they are installed in the back room. From this design, air ducts are bred throughout the apartment (they are necessary to connect the hose). After cleaning, the air comes out.

The main advantage of this model is hygiene and low noise. Compared to analogues, this technique has a smaller volume.

Among the disadvantages of this design, it is worth highlighting the expensive cost and difficulties with installation. In addition, the operation of such a device consumes more energy.

So, modern manufacturers offer users a variety of vacuum cleaners. When choosing them, you should take into account not only your needs, but also the advantages and disadvantages of such devices listed in this article.

Subtleties of choice

When purchasing a built-in vacuum cleaner that will work in a private house, it is important to evaluate its power. If this indicator is insufficient, then the device simply will not be able to suck up debris and lead it through all hoses and pipes.

The optimal power starts from 600 aerowatts, and the upper limit can be anything. As you might guess, the stronger the vacuum cleaner, the faster and more efficiently the cleaning takes place. As a rule, high-quality models allow you to vary the power depending on the situation.

Hoses must be made of high quality material and have a length of at least 9 meters. Some of them are equipped with a control system that allows you to change the power. For example, this indicator is reduced so as not to spoil the pile of the carpet. Coverage area is another important factor in demonstrating whether a device is capable of handling the provision of an entire home.

The maximum number of points indicates how many air inlets will serve the system. This quantity cannot be any - it is selected depending on the power of the vacuum cleaner. When choosing a central structure, the noise level is not too important, since most often the power unit is installed away from living quarters. Simultaneous connection implies the possibility of using several outlets at the same time. This factor is important when the vacuum cleaner serves a large house, and several people are cleaning at the same time.

In addition, the power of the air flow, its volume and vacuum are taken into account.

A definite plus will be the presence of additional nozzles and other accessories. Some of them are responsible for the refinement of the system, for example, decorative frames for wall inlets, and others for ease of use, such as stretchable hoses.

Pros and cons

Based on the above features and the principle of operation, you can compare which vacuum cleaner is better - with or without a bag. To do this, consider the advantages and disadvantages of different models.

The main advantages and disadvantages of vacuum cleaners with an aquafilter.

Advantages	Flaws
High-quality cleaning of floors from dust and debris.	High price.
No need to buy additional filter bags.	Large dimensions and weight, especially when filling the tank with water.
Power and suction force do not depend on the degree of contamination of the container.	The need to disassemble the vacuum cleaner after each cleaning in order to wash and dry the water tank, as well as the entire structure.
An additional result is air washing and humidification at the outlet.	More noise

Cyclone types of vacuum cleaners also have their advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages	Flaws
Relatively low price.	The need to wash and change filters frequently.
The device does not require additional purchase of filter bags.	In budget models, air filtration is much worse than in bag machines.
Debris is easily removed from the flask.	The suction power is inferior to bag models.
The suction power does not depend on how full the container is.	After each cleaning it is necessary to empty the container.

Structural details and quality of cleaning

Some design features of the device affect the quality of cleaning and ease of use. For example, a hose. It must be of sufficient diameter (at least 5 cm) so that it does not often become clogged.

The length of the flexible hose is important - the longer this accessory, the more convenient it is to clean. Especially in rooms of 15 sq.m. and more. Length from 2.5 m is needed for cleaning high furniture and ceilings

The strength of the material is also important, otherwise the part will crack, which will reduce the suction power.

In addition to the main components, seals, bushings, and bearings also affect the quality of the device. If the joints are made of fluoropolymers, this ensures their tightness.

Bushings and bearings made of PTFE and polyamide extend the life of the moving parts of the device.

Installation and installation

Ideally, a centralized vacuum cleaner system is installed at the construction or overhaul stage. Otherwise, you will have to use plasterboard structures, decorative stucco molding or a false ceiling. The power unit is usually placed in the pantry, basement, garage or even on the loggia, if possible. Pipes and sockets are mounted in a wall or ceiling. In the kitchen, you can try to place air inlets directly inside the furniture set.

First of all, the power unit is installed, then the air exhaust going to the street and the piping are worked out. After that, you can do pneumosockets and pneumosows in the necessary rooms. Having connected the power unit, you will first have to check the tightness of the system, and then you can check your work along with hoses. Sockets are placed so that it is easy to approach them and fix the hose, and they can only open up. It is customary to install one copy per 30 or 70 square meters.

It is better to move the central apparatus away from residential areas and make sure that a 30-centimeter free zone is formed on all sides of it.

In the next video, you will find the installation of the built-in vacuum cleaner Electrolux BEAM SC335EA.

Kinds

Built-in vacuum cleaner models have some differences depending on the room they are intended for. For example, a unit serving only the kitchen may be a stationary structure built into either walls or furniture. Since there is no need for a functioning pipe system, the power of the device itself increases significantly.The washing central vacuum cleaner allows to carry out damp cleaning by means of a separator. By connecting this part on one side to the cleaning hose, and on the other - with a hose going to the pneumo inlet, it will be possible to suck up not only dry dirt, but also liquid.

Washing units are indispensable for cleaning furniture, cars, as well as carpets and even fireplaces. After completing the work, the system will have to be disassembled, washed and dried. The base-type built-in vacuum cleaner is also called a pneumoshovel, and its operation was described above.

Types of Robot Vacuum Cleaners

Today, the household appliances market offers the consumer three constructive solutions for robotic vacuum cleaners that differ in their purpose.

For dry cleaning

The principle of operation of the robotic household vacuum cleaner is based on the rotation of the side brushes, which send debris to the main turbine located in the center of the device. By rotating the turbo brush and the suction mechanism, the dirt enters the dust collector, which can be made in the form of a bag or a plastic container.

For wet cleaning

1. The base of an impromptu mop with a microfiber cloth is attached to additional grooves. An additional container is provided in the body of the bot, where water or detergent is poured. The device moistens a napkin with water and carries out wet cleaning of the premises.
2. The cleaning robot covers the contamination with a detergent composition, after which it intensively rubs the treated area. Further, all moisture, using the suction mechanism, is collected in a container, and the remaining moisture is removed with a silicone scraper.

Combined models

Mixed type devices can remove debris from carpets and carry out wet cleaning with a microfiber cloth on laminate, linoleum, and tile floors. It is allowed to use devices of the combined type for cleaning parquet floors with lacquer coating.

Important little things in the device of vacuum cleaners

The high-quality work of the vacuum cleaner is determined primarily by the functioning of the main components. But in the design of cleaning units there are a large number of parts that are not very important at first glance, the condition of which determines the service life of the vacuum cleaner, suction power and the degree of air purification. These include:

• filters;
• seals;
• bushings and bearings.

Filters made of modern woven and non-woven materials help to obtain the outgoing air stream that is as clean as possible from dust and biological contaminants. The use of fluoropolymers for sealing joints ensures the tightness of various functional areas of the vacuum cleaner. Polyamide and PTFE bushings and bearings extend the uptime of moving and rotating parts.

Vacuum cleaners for dry cleaning

Dry vacuum cleaners are compact, easy-to-maintain designs that are designed to clean all types of floor coverings and upholstered furniture surfaces. Such models are distinguished by a wide range of prices - depending on the additional functions that the device is equipped with, its cost can vary by dozens of times. However, most vacuum cleaners for dry cleaning belong to the group of budget goods, which provides them with a high degree of demand among consumers.

Depending on where the sucked-in dust and debris enters, dry vacuum cleaners are divided into 3 subtypes.

Vacuum cleaners with dust bag

The simplest and most affordable version of a household vacuum cleaner. The bags that the devices are equipped with can be disposable (paper) or reusable (fabric). Each of them has its pros and cons:

• paper bags are hygienic as they do not need to be shaken out. However, products equipped with disposable elements always require frequent replacement of consumables, which makes them economically more costly;
• fabric dust bags do not require the purchase of a new bag after each cleaning, but they must be thoroughly cleaned and washed periodically.

Bagless models (with container)

The garbage collected by the bagless vacuum cleaner falls into the plastic tank. Such models are the most popular because of their undoubted advantages:

• they practically do not allow the re-emission of dust into the atmosphere of the room;
• they are easy to care for - just take out the garbage, rinse the container under running water and just collect the vacuum cleaner back;
• at a glance, you can determine the degree of filling of the container - most often the garbage bins are made of transparent plastic.

The disadvantage of this type of vacuum cleaners can only be called an increased noise level, which is associated with the peculiarities of the operation of the cyclone filter, which is equipped with the device.

Water filter products

An indispensable household helper for a family with allergies or small children. This type of home appliances provides maximum air purification, retaining up to 99% of debris, fine particles and allergens inside.At the same time, the air space of the room is humidified, which also has a positive effect on the health of others.

The imperfections of water vacuum cleaners include:

• large dimensions and weight - with a filled tank, the vacuum cleaner can be quite heavy and less maneuverable;
• difficulties in maintenance - after each use, models with an aquafilter need to be disassembled, washed and dried in the tank;
• high cost compared to other types of dust cleaners.

Before buying a water vacuum cleaner, you should pay attention to the fact that its efficiency may decrease depending on the type of garbage collected. For example, for a complete cleaning of rooms with water-insoluble contaminants (such as wood or concrete dust), be sure to have an additional fine filter (HEPA filter)

Advantages and disadvantages

Washing vacuum cleaners have a huge number of advantages, among which are the following:

• dry cleaning of the highest quality;
• air deodorization in the room where work is performed;
• you can easily clean various surfaces, in particular, floors, linoleum, laminate, furniture, tiles, walls, glass, etc .;
• air humidification;
• in devices with an aquafilter, there is no need to constantly replace dust bags;
• liquid is removed from the floor surface.

Also, washing vacuum cleaners have some disadvantages that buyers should be aware of:

• when the parquet is cleaned, problems can appear with it. The liquid will seep between the wooden boards, so the base will begin to rot. A preventive way to avoid this problem is to use special antiseptics for processing.This is the only way to increase the resistance of the material to moisture;
• after any use, the reservoirs of the vacuum cleaner should be cleaned;
• The use of vacuum cleaners does not guarantee high-quality cleaning of natural carpets from dust deposits and dirt. The fact is that the base of carpets cannot dry completely. After a few days, an unpleasant odor may appear in the apartment, so if the owners have the opportunity, you should take the carpet outside and let it dry a little.

General characteristics

The built-in vacuum cleaner for the home, in principle, functions in the same way as the conventional model, but most of its nodes are hidden either in separate rooms or in plasterboard structures created for this. The design itself is a block containing a filter, a dust collection container and an engine from which a piping system diverges. Direct cleaning is provided by flexible hoses of different lengths, which are connected to pneumo inlets located in different rooms.

Models from different manufacturers allow you to use a variety of functions of the device, greatly facilitating the process of its operation. Soft start helps to keep the vacuum cleaner in its original state for as long as possible and prevent its breakdowns. The essence of this function is that when you press the control button, the engine starts and stops very smoothly. Also, in order to prevent breakdowns, the automatic stop function is also configured. If something does not go according to plan, the main parameters deviate from the nominal ones, or the garbage container is full, the device will turn itself off.

The carbon dust filter absorbs the by-product of the power unit itself. It is worth mentioning that you can install different filters responsible for cleaning the air streams. The filter bag usually comes with a flat filter that can prevent mold and mildew, as well as capture some microparticles.

The cyclone provides air purification by creating a centrifugal force that directs individual dirt particles to the bottom of the tank. By installing a cylindrical filter, in addition, you can get cyclonic air circulation. The container itself, where all the garbage gets, can hold up to 50 liters of the substance. The number of engines in a power unit made of steel that is not subject to corrosion can be two.

Features of models of washing machines

The main constructive difference between washing machines and models with a bag and a container is the presence of a tank for clean and dirty water. Small and large fractions of dirt sink in such a container.

The main advantage of such a tank is that the owner does not have to breathe dust while emptying the tank.

The design of the washing vacuum cleaner has an additional reservoir for water and detergent, a pump, liquid supply channels integrated into hoses and tubes

But the design of washing vacuum cleaners also provides for the protection of the motor from moisture, which significantly increases the cost of the vacuum cleaner. And on the HEPA filter, wet dirt accumulates, which creates a breeding ground for many bacteria.

There are washing vacuum cleaners with a steam generator. Such a device allows you to clean surfaces with steam without the use of chemicals.