How to properly load dishes in the dishwasher

Tip 2. Decide on capacity

Sometimes on the Internet you can find advice on choosing the most spacious dishwasher - so that as many dishes fit as possible. This is justified if you have a reception every day with several meals or you have a large family of at least eight people.

The capacity of the machine should be chosen according to your needs

For the rest, be guided by common sense: the more spacious the dishwasher, the more space it takes up in the kitchen and the more expensive it is.

Therefore, match your needs with the size of the kitchen - why buy a large unit that will take up all the free space?

Perhaps you need a compact model

Capacity is the number of sets of dishes that can be washed in one cycle. In turn, the set is: three plates, a cup and saucer, a glass, a set of cutlery.

The following categories of dishwashers are distinguished by capacity:

• Full-sized, sixty centimeters wide. At a time, they can wash 11-17 complete sets of dishes. Such a device is suitable for a large family, where guests often come. However, keep in mind that it will take up a lot of space in the kitchen.
• In narrow machines forty-five centimeters wide, 6-10 sets can easily fit. This dishwasher is ideal for a family of three to four people. Unlike the previous model, it is quite compact, so it can be easily placed in a standard kitchen.
• Small desktop dishwashers with edges of 45 centimeters on all sides are most often placed directly on the countertop or built into cabinets. They can wash no more than four sets of dishes at a time. Ideal if you live alone, a maximum of two, or you have a very small kitchen.

How to put dishes in the dishwasher

In the instructions for models of such well-known brands as Electrolux, Bosch, Siemens and others, there are recommendations on how to arrange different types of dishes in trays. Read them carefully.If such information is not available, use this material.

General rules to know

The first main rule is to free the tableware from food debris before loading, otherwise the garbage will quickly clog the drain filter. You can use a sponge, a special spatula or just a spoon for this purpose.

Another condition: do not rinse tableware. This may affect the automatic determination of the necessary work program by the equipment (the dishwasher does this with the help of special sensors). Moreover, in many modern models there are programs for pre-soaking heavily soiled cutlery.

Do not place items heavily soiled with leftover food in the machine tray.

Pay attention to the following rules:

1. Do not overload the trays in which you put the items to be washed, otherwise the machine will not be able to wash the kitchen utensils well.
2. Cutlery should not come into contact with each other, otherwise their cleaning will be ineffective.
3. All kitchen utensils should be located as stable as possible and not change their position during the treatment with liquid jets.
4. Try to load plastic items in the top tray, away from the heating element. For their processing, it is better to use a low-temperature regime.
5. Try to wash pans and pots separately from plates, mugs and glasses.

If the dishwasher is used incorrectly, it will not effectively wash dishes from dirt, grease and food residues.

How to stack cups, glasses glasses and wine glasses

If you properly arrange the dishes in the dishwasher, it will clean as efficiently as possible.Items for drinking are placed in the upper basket upside down, in an inclined position. This is necessary so that the washing and rinsing liquid thoroughly treats the inner surface, and not the outer one.

For wine glasses and glasses, special recesses are provided in which the legs are held during washing.

If cups and glasses are placed horizontally in the tray, the dishwasher will not be able to wash them.

We have bowls, plates, gravy boats, salt shakers

Place small containers, such as gravy boats, bowls and salt shakers, in the upper compartment if possible. They must be installed upside down - just like glasses and cups.

Medium and large plates should fit in the lower basket in an upright position. Place objects of the largest diameter closer to the edges, and smaller ones closer to the central part. Thus, the washing liquid will be sprayed by the nozzles of the lower rocker more efficiently, getting into the upper tiers.

Arrange the plates so that their front faces towards the center of the basket. There should be gaps between the dishes - the larger they are, the more effectively dirt and food debris will be washed off.

There should always be gaps between the dishes loaded in the dishwasher.

Where and how to place knives, forks and spoons

Many modern PMM models have special shelves designed for knives, spoons, forks and long utensils - shovels, skimmers, scoops, etc. These shelves are located at the top, and you need to load the listed items horizontally, turned on their side (see photo) .

The top shelf in the dishwasher, designed to load cutlery

In addition, cutlery can be vertically placed in small baskets, placing them inside the working space of the PMM. In this case, the edge of the knives should be directed downwards. It is not recommended to wash sharply sharpened knives in the dishwasher, as well as products with wooden handles. The blades will become dull and the wood will be damaged.

Properly positioned spoons and knives in a special washing basket

We lay out pans, pots, baking sheets

Large utensils intended for cooking require intensive cleaning with washing liquid. Therefore, their place is in the lower compartment. Such items must be cleaned separately from products made of more fragile material - glass, porcelain, crystal.

Pots correctly placed in the dishwasher

Place pans vertically or at an angle, and pots upside down. If possible, remove the handles from the pans so that they do not damage the walls of the chamber.

Frying pans arranged vertically in the basket

Trays are also washed in a vertical position. Large size products place on the edges of the lower basket. Try to make the gap between them bigger.

Tip 11. Find a comfortable package

In addition to the technical characteristics, it is worth looking at the filling of the dishwasher. It can be completed with various accessories. Somewhere these are two or three shelves, somewhere - a complex structure.

We have analyzed numerous reviews and choose the optimal configuration, which is convenient for almost everyone.

This configuration is recognized as the most convenient

First of all, give up dishwashers with shelves. It is most convenient to use models with wire baskets.Moreover, the height of the latter should be regulated - so you can comfortably wash dishes of any size.

One of the baskets must be equipped with special holders for cups, and ideally also with vertical cells for saucers. If such elements are absent, you risk losing a large number of dishes - it is cups and saucers that break most often.

It is important that there is a special compartment for spoons, forks and knives. Firstly, it will prevent beating and chipping on more fragile dishes.

Secondly, this way you significantly reduce the risk of cutting yourself when taking out washed appliances.

Pay attention to materials too: basket nets should be strong, yet flexible. In addition, make sure that there are no sharp protruding elements on the baskets - they can scratch both you and the dishes.

Dishwasher Loading Tips

There are some basic tips for loading the dishwasher that will allow you to maintain the quality of the sink, as well as the performance of the device:

• If the design of the device does not assume the presence of upper nozzles, then all elements of the dishes must be positioned so that they do not interfere with the free flow of water down.
• Do not load dishes with a height higher than the height of the lower rack into the dishwasher, as it will make it difficult to open the machine door after the end of the washing cycle.
• If there are too many dishes, it is better to wash them in stages, loading the same type of items. Excessive loading can not only impair the quality of work, but also reduce the washing efficiency.

• When there are not a lot of dishes, try to place them closer to the center, because some dishwashers have only one rocker, which often does not cope with the entire volume of the compartment with the same quality.
• Fragile products are best placed away from each other, because the vibration and vibrations that occur when exposed to a water jet can damage them.
• Conventional kitchen mixtures that are used for hand washing should never be used in a dishwasher. This negatively affects its performance and can disable it. So, you should choose special tablets, gels and liquids for the dishwasher, rinses, degreaser.
• 2-3 times a year, when loading, special anti-scale agents should be added to the washing components. They will allow you to clean the surface of the dishwasher parts from deposits that form during operation.

In any case, you should read the instructions for the dishwasher, which is attached by the manufacturer. It indicates what types of dishes can be washed in your model, gives recommendations on its location in the compartments, etc. You can also read the tips in our article.

General recommendations:

• do not put very dirty objects in the corners - in the center it is washed better;
• do not wash greasy pans with delicate and fragile ones - plaque will remain on the glass;
• if there are a lot of dirty large-sized utensils (pans, pots, molds) - do not overload the machine, wash them separately.

The article describes how to load a standard depth dishwasher. But in desktop PMM, these tips are also applicable - you just need to adapt to the compact dimensions of the devices.

How to extend the life of your dishwasher

Now let's see how to use the dishwasher without breaking it. During operation of the unit, you must not:

• Too much to overload it.
• Do not allow any solvents to enter the machine.
• Use household products intended for manual washing.
• Allow equipment to operate without regeneration salt. It is necessary to monitor its presence in the appropriate container.
• Open the door during operation. Before doing this, be sure to wait for the blades to come to a complete stop.

Besides:

• Filters must be cleaned after every wash.
• The external surfaces of the machine should be cleaned regularly with a damp cloth.
• Do not try to repair a broken machine yourself.

The listed rules are a completely exhaustive answer to the question of how to use a dishwasher Bosch, Ariston, Electrolux and any other brand.

Tips

1. Fragile glassware should not come into contact with each other so that it is not damaged during the washing process;
2. Do not load the dishwasher to the maximum. A sufficient distance between the dishes will allow you to rinse containers and cutlery more thoroughly;
3. In the dishwasher, do not wash wood products or items containing elements of this material;
4. If there are not very many dishes, it is better to place them in the center, since they are not always thoroughly washed in the corners. This does not apply to modern models of Bosch and Siemens dishwashers, they have two rocker arms that are more efficient at washing dishes.

As a conclusion, it is worth noting that in order for the dishwasher to wash the dishes with high quality, the consumer must know how to properly arrange the dishes in the dishwasher.

Putting the dishes in the dishwasher according to all the rules, the question arises of how many dishes can be washed in one cycle. The manufacturer indicates in the instructions the capacity in the number of sets. Small machines hold up to 6 sets, narrow up to 11 and full-sized up to 17 sets of dishes.

However, the sets, not in quantity, but in the size of the plates, may be different. Also, some may only use soup and salad bowls and not use saucers. Therefore, the loading of the machine in different families may differ. We suggest following a few more rules for placing dishes in the dishwasher:

• you should not load the machine with dishes to the maximum, a larger gap between objects will allow you to better rinse the products, and even more so do not overload the machine;
• before putting any object in the dishwasher, make sure that it can be washed in it, especially for plastic products, fragile glass and crystal wine glasses;
• place objects so that they do not touch each other;
• if possible, wash pans and pots separately from plates, mugs and glasses;
• do not wash wooden items in the dishwasher;
• if you prefer to collect all the dishes in a day, then it is better to immediately place dirty dishes in the machine, they will not dry out in it and then it will be easier to wash off.

It turns out that not all items can be processed in PMM. Not every material from which plates, pots, pans, etc. are made will withstand the sharp temperature drop that occurs when very hot water hits the surface.

In addition, objects are subject to the following influences:

• contact with active household chemicals;
• interaction with hot water in the form of steam;
• hot air drying.

It is not recommended to load utensils from the following materials into the household unit:

• wood - does not tolerate temperature extremes and exposure to moisture and as a result is destroyed;
• aluminum - darkens from prolonged exposure to hot steam and water;
• silver, copper and tin - oxidize, changing their original color;
• cast iron - loses its protective layer, due to which it undergoes oxidation, and as a result, rust appears;
• plastic, porcelain - not all varieties of these materials react normally to high temperatures.

Experts do not recommend putting carving knives in the PMM, as they get dull from temperature changes. Also, do not place products with a Teflon coating in the tray - the material is simply washed off under the influence of an aggressive environment during the washing process. As a result, food in such dishes will start to burn during cooking.

• Turn on only the filled machine. This way you save time.
• Store powder products only in a dry place.
• Use a short dishwashing cycle whenever possible to save energy
• Use a drying cycle. If this program is not available, open the machine door and wait for the dishes to dry.
• If you are unhappy with the cleanliness of your glass goblets, make sure that no other utensils interfere with the streams of water that wash over them.
• Set the boiler thermostat to 50 degrees when using programs with high temperatures.

How to load dishes into the dishwasher - on the video.

How to properly load the dishwasher?

• do not put very dirty objects in the corners - in the center it is washed better;
• do not wash greasy pans with delicate and fragile ones - plaque will remain on the glass;
• if there are a lot of dirty large-sized utensils (pans, pots, molds) - do not overload the machine, wash them separately.

The article describes how to load a standard depth dishwasher. But in desktop PMM, these tips are also applicable - you just need to adapt to the compact dimensions of the devices.

Unsuitable utensils

Dishwashers are suitable for most cutlery.

However, there are exceptions to any rule, so remember that you can’t put in a car:

1. Wooden dishes can only be washed by hand, as the wood swells and deteriorates from prolonged contact with water. This is also true for metal utensils with wooden handles.
2. It is not recommended to place tin, copper, silver items in the sink, otherwise they will fade.
3. It is forbidden to put aluminum objects into the machine. Plaque forms on them from contact with water.
4. In containers with a vacuum lid, the seal can deteriorate from high temperatures.
5. Decorative utensils may have paint peeled off.
6. It is strictly forbidden to try to wash items contaminated with ash, wax or paint in the car. These substances can stain other dishes and the machine itself, in the worst case, lead to a breakdown.
7. Rusty cutlery will not only be damaged in the dishwasher, but will also lead to corrosion on even whole metal objects.

Dishwasher incompatible dishes

Manufacturers do not recommend loading the following dishes into the machine:

• Knives, knives-shredders. When heated, they become dull, so it is undesirable to wash them at high temperature.
• Frying pans, stewpans with teflon coating. The protective layer of the pan, under the influence of detergents, is washed off, and it loses its non-stick properties.
• Crockery with a vacuum cover, a sealant. Under the action of hot water, the seal will be broken, the seal will deteriorate.
• Items with decorative painting. The paint used to decorate the dishes may wash off.
• Items stained with ash, grease, paint, wax. Anything that can stain the equipment and lead to clogging.

In addition to general rules, there are also restrictions for specific dishes - after all, porcelain and plastic can have different compositions and react differently to harsh machine wash conditions. Therefore, when buying and before loading them into the dishwasher, check their labeling.

Rusty appliances are similarly unacceptable to be immersed in the dishwasher. They will not only undergo even more destruction, but will also lead to the formation of rust on metal cutlery that has not yet been touched by corrosion.

Restrictions on the type of materials

Do not load cutlery and items made from materials such as:

• Wood. Styled like antique cutlery, spoons, plates, spatulas and cutting boards can be completely damaged due to contact with hot water. The wood will swell, and when it dries, it will begin to crack and change its shape.
• Plastic. The restriction applies to items that are made of plastic that does not tolerate high temperatures.
• Copper, tin, silver.From contact with chemicals, they can fade, change color, oxidize.
• Aluminum. Frying pans, pots, meat grinder parts and other aluminum products darken, plaque forms on their surface. Prolonged contact with water is also undesirable.

It is also undesirable to wash cast iron cookware in the machine, as strong detergents help to remove the protective layer from them and cause rust.

A complete list of allowed and prohibited items for loading into the dishwasher is given here, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with very useful information.

Dishwasher repair at home using the Bosh Silence Plus model as an example, video

The increase in the area of ​​​​kitchens in new buildings allows you to fit a lot of useful equipment there, including a dishwasher (PMM). This apparatus facilitates women's duties and provides more time for leisure.

Functionality and dishwasher device may differ for different models, so when choosing such a technique, you must initially study in detail its characteristics.

• Dishwasher components
• Types of modern models
• Additional PMM functionality
• Diagram of the dishwasher
• Types of drying in the dishwasher
• Maintainability of PMM parts Electric circulation pump
• Drain pump
• Control unit board
• Inlet water valve
• Flow heaters and heating elements
• Elements of drying equipment
• Other PMM components

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

It has one main function - to clean the dishes placed inside from dirt. But ensuring a good result is possible only with the correct operation of its nodes.

The main parts of the dishwasher include:

1. Control Panel.
2. Hermetically sealed inner chamber.
3. Blocks of sprayers (rocker arms).
4. Circulation pump providing a return to the sprayers of flowing water.
5. Compartment for detergent, rinse aid, water softener.
6. Baskets for dishes, shelves for glasses.
7. Water filter system.
8. Flow heating element.
9. Float switch.
10. Power cable.
11. Inlet water valve.
12. Drain pump.
13. Hose system.
14. Pressure switch.
15. Lamp.

The listed parts form the basis of a typical PMM, but other modules can be provided in its design. Only the interior of the washing chamber is available to the user for viewing. It is in it that the main elements responsible for the cleanliness of the processed dishes are located.

The main parts located inside the working space of the dishwasher are:

1. PMM Corps. Made from stainless steel. Its walls do not experience strong mechanical stress, so the thickness of the metal at the tank is minimal.
2. Rocker arms for spraying fluid under pressure. They do not have a special drive, but rotate due to the oblique arrangement of several outlets.
3. Baskets for laying dishes. Several of them can be placed in the internal space. The size of the baskets is usually different: at the bottom there is a more spacious one for pots, and at the top - a compact one for plates, mugs, cutlery.
4. Filter system. Located in the lower sector of the tank, it consists of an upper grid and a lattice cup located under it.
5. Compartment for loading funds. Designed for detergent, rinse aid and water softener. These three containers can be located separately or connected within one dispenser.
6. Sealing rubber bands and a light bulb.

Without these components, the dishwasher simply will not be able to perform its functions efficiently. But other elements can be installed inside the PMM, providing extended capabilities and making it easier to work with the device.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with How to make a soap solution from laundry soap

Not all apartments have spacious kitchens that can accommodate full-sized dishwashers. Therefore, manufacturers have invented many alternative devices that can wash dishes and do not take up much space. All of them are exclusively electric with forced injection of water pressure.

There are four structural types of PMM:

1. Built-in under the tabletop.
2. Standing separately.
3. Compact portable.
4. With vertical loading.

PMM built-in under the countertop usually have a depth of 57 cm, which allows you to carry out the necessary communications between the device and the wall. With proper installation, the front edge of a machine of this size will be flush with the table. The width of the dishwasher can be compact (44-46 cm) or full-sized (56-60 cm). Their height is usually standard - 81-82 cm with the possibility of adjustment.

Which dishes are not recommended to be washed in the dishwasher. Icon

It turns out that not all items can be processed in PMM. Not every material from which plates, pots, pans, etc. are made will withstand the sharp temperature drop that occurs when very hot water hits the surface.

In addition, objects are subject to the following influences:

• contact with active household chemicals;
• interaction with hot water in the form of steam;
• hot air drying.

As practice shows, not all dishes can be washed in PMM

Therefore, when buying cutlery, pay attention to the label, where there is usually a mark on whether washing in the dishwasher is allowed (see icon below)

It is not recommended to load utensils from the following materials into the household unit:

• wood - does not tolerate temperature extremes and exposure to moisture and as a result is destroyed;
• aluminum - darkens from prolonged exposure to hot steam and water;
• silver, copper and tin - oxidize, changing their original color;
• cast iron - loses its protective layer, due to which it undergoes oxidation, and as a result, rust appears;
• plastic, porcelain - not all varieties of these materials react normally to high temperatures.

Pay attention to what material the dishes are made of, otherwise they can be damaged in the dishwasher

Experts do not recommend putting carving knives in the PMM, as they get dull from temperature changes. Also, do not place products with a Teflon coating in the tray - the material is simply washed off under the influence of an aggressive environment during the washing process. As a result, food in such dishes will start to burn during cooking.

This is what the icon on the container looks like, meaning that this dish can be washed in the dishwasher

What are the dishes in the dishwasher

Why can you put one dish in the car without any problems, and vice versa, you shouldn’t even try to wash it in the dishwasher? The fact is that certain conditions are created inside the washing chamber that affect the material for making dishes. These conditions include:

• high temperature;
• strong chemicals;
• long stay in contact with water;
• forced drying with hot air.

Today, dishes are made from a variety of materials, these include: glass, porcelain, iron, silver, aluminum, cupronickel, plastic, cast iron, crystal, faience, ceramics, teflon and others. But even porcelain dishes are different and react differently to hot water and detergents. Let's figure out what not to put in the dishwasher.

Aluminum products do not belong in the dishwasher

Aluminum dishes are dishes number 1, which absolutely cannot be put in the dishwasher. Aluminum is a metal that reacts with many substances, including water, if certain conditions are created. Under the action of a detergent and high temperature, aluminum products acquire a dark gray coating, and this coating is smeared, leaving marks on the hands.

Out of ignorance, not a single dozen people have already been spoiled in the dishwasher:

• aluminum parts from a meat grinder;
• garlic presses;
• spoons;
• bowls;
• ladles;
• baking sheets;
• frying pans;
• pots.

Some aluminum cookware is darker after one wash, some after only a few washes. Therefore, there are those who wash everything and claim that nothing will happen. If you ruined aluminum cookware, then in the article Why not wash aluminum dishes, you will find tips on how to clean it.

Choose the desired program

You can wash dishes in the dishwasher using various programs. The instruction attached to your assistant describes the entire set of features and functions, you should definitely familiarize yourself with it.

• In most cases, a good result is achieved when using a standard program (economy or eco).If the dishes are very dirty, then the intensive washing mode is used - it washes well, but consumes electricity and water to the maximum, so it is better to run the PMM at night.
• The delicate mode is designed to wash particularly fragile dishes, such as glasses or crystal wine glasses. Delicate mode implies a built-in heat exchanger in the machine, which helps to raise the temperature of the water during the first rinse.
• In the case when you collect completely different dishes in the dishwasher, it is also worth turning on the gentle mode.
• The machine will wash dishes for 1.5 hours or 1 hour in the standard program. After the cycle is completed, the dishes will be hot, so wait another quarter of an hour before opening the door.
• To prevent streaks, the lower compartment is first released, and then the upper one.
• There are other rules as well. So, after each wash, you should clean the filters. And for the care of external surfaces use wet sponges. It will also be necessary to periodically clean the impeller nozzles, preventing them from clogging and to clean the machine itself from scale, if it does form.

Operating recommendations

All models of the device come with instructions for use. When using the machine, refer to the manufacturer's advice:

1. Before loading the plates, the pans are freed from food residues.
2. Arrange devices according to the general distribution rules.
3. Use special detergents for dishwashers.
4. Add salt to soften the water.
5. Remove everything after cooling, so as not to burn yourself.
6. Turn the machine on and off in that order.

In case of incorrect actions, the device notifies you of problems with a sound signal. Possible error codes are shown on the display.

The owner is required to monitor the health of the device, properly stack the dishes, use suitable detergents.

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Dishwasher Care

To ensure the smooth operation of the dishwasher, it needs to be given at least a little attention. Do not treat technology with disdain, especially since caring for it will not take you much time.

After removing the washed dishes from the machine, you need to remove the mesh filter located above the drain hole at the bottom of the chamber, shake out the accumulated particles of food waste from it and rinse the mesh under a powerful jet of water.

Small pieces of food sometimes get stuck under the door of the machine or under the sealing gum, of course, they also need to be removed. It is very desirable to wipe the walls of the washing chamber with a dry cloth every time. Even if you are not too lazy to do this, you should leave the machine door open for a while - this guarantees the complete drying of the dishwasher chamber, which means that you will be spared the problem of an unpleasant smell appearing in it.

Three to four times a year, a complete cleaning of the dishwasher should be carried out. Using grease and scale removers, you can eliminate accumulated deposits not only in the farthest corners of the chamber, but also on structural components that are in contact with water and in hoses hidden from the eyes. We advise you not to spend ridiculously large amounts of money on the purchase of miracle pills widely advertised on television, but to purchase the simplest descaler - inexpensive, but quite effective.

Such simple manipulations will allow you to always keep your dishwasher clean, and it will reciprocate - it will do its job properly, without thinking about temporary rest under the pretext of needing a long repair.

Operating tips

When purchasing a dishwasher, pay attention to the internal equipment of the chamber space and the possibility of rebuilding it. Thoughtful filling will help to load a large amount of various dishes. During operation, follow the advice of experts:

During operation, follow the advice of experts:

• If there are too many dishes for one working cycle, divide them into parts according to size. Do not try to load everything at once, so as not to break the sprinkler arms.
• With a small number of items that need processing, try to place them closer to the center of the hopper.
• Take into account the vibration that occurs during operation of the device, and leave gaps between the contents of the baskets.
• Place plastic equipment away from the heater to minimize the effect of high temperature on the material.
• Products consisting of several elements must be disassembled into parts before loading.
• It is also necessary to remove clean dishes from the chamber correctly. Wait for it to cool and start from the bottom module so that the flowing water does not get to the next tier.

Treat your dishwasher with care and keep it clean. The technology, in turn, will free you from unnecessary worries, and will also save water and electricity.

Dishwasher manufacturers strive to rationally use the space of the washing chamber.The actions for loading dishes quickly become automatic, therefore, before using the equipment for the first time, it is necessary to read the instructions and find out the recommended layout of items in the hopper. In the future, this will help to avoid mistakes that entail such unpleasant consequences as: unwashed dishes, broken glasses, or even a car breakdown.

Conclusion

Take good care of your appliances and do not neglect the rules for operating a dishwasher, then the technical device will work for a long time and properly.