Varieties, selection and installation of infrared heating panels

Selection rules

Using such devices is a more efficient way to heat your own home. But you need to know how to choose the right equipment.First of all, you need to decide for what purpose the device will be used.

If you need a model that will be the main source of heating, then first of all you should pay attention to the power. It is desirable that the device has at least 100 W / sq.m

If in a city apartment the ceiling height is more than 3.5 m, then it is necessary to focus on the norm of 120-130 W / sq. m.

Approach the choice of panels should be more careful, start from your needs

There are other factors that may affect the selection of an infrared heater:

1. Walls in the room. Their type, as well as the presence of insulation on their surface.
2. Glazing quality. It matters here what type of windows are installed in the openings, how effectively the sashes are pressed against the frame, whether there are energy-saving glasses in the products.
3. ceiling characteristics. What condition is the ceiling in, what is located on top - another apartment or roof.

How infrared panels work

It is no secret that the heated area is much larger than the surface of heating devices. The high speed of heating the room with infrared heating panels is explained by the fact that the energy emitted by them is much better absorbed by the surface of objects. If compared with conventional heaters, then in this case the temperature in the room rises 4 times faster.

It has been noticed that radiant heat is especially well accumulated by furniture, which, after the accumulation of energy, itself turns into a source of heating. In order to avoid heat leakage to the street, it is not recommended to direct the rays of infrared heating panels to the surface of walls, ceilings, doors and windows.Another useful quality of devices of this type is that they do not burn out oxygen.

It is for this reason that they are used to maintain the optimum temperature in such rooms:

• Apartments.
• Private houses.
• Trading platforms.
• Factory shops with high ceilings.
• Warehouse premises.
• open areas.

Types of IR heaters

Roughly, they can be divided into the following:

1. Thermal plates.
2. Quartz pipes.
3. open spiral.

More on all three:

• Plates are in the greatest demand. These are flexible polymer elements, inside which conductors are installed. Such a plate is heated up to 100⁰, and at the same time it does not burn oxygen or dust. It is installed as a ceiling heater, floor covering. Heating the house with infrared heaters of this type is very popular due to its size. The parameters of the plastic panel allow you to cover a large area, which is why heating a house even of royal sizes will not be a problem.
• Pipes, vacuum inside, warm up more. The spiral inside is red-hot. The efficiency of such heaters is high, but at the same time they are not popular, because due to the high temperature, dust that has settled on the heater itself can burn. It is unsafe and besides, there is a pungent smell of burning. Such conditions can hardly be called ideal.
• Heaters with an open coil at one time stood in all houses. It was warm from them, but oxygen was burned with terrible force. Such heaters cannot be left overnight or, in general, without control - the fire hazard is too high. Now such models are no longer produced.

Many models are suspended or wall-mounted units. They fit perfectly into the home environment.

How to choose yours? First, you should determine the advantages and disadvantages of the entire system - perhaps the choice will fall on alternative sources.

Classification of infrared heaters

Infrared heaters can be divided into several types depending on the energy carrier used to transmit infrared waves:

• Gas. The source of energy in such heaters is a mixture of gas and air, burned on the surface of heat-resistant perforated plates located inside. Due to their high power, gas infrared heaters are rarely used in everyday life. Most often they are used in production workshops or on the street.
• Electric (heater, spiral). Heaters of this type can be considered universal, since they are applicable both in industrial conditions and at home. The "heart" of an electric IR heater is a tubular electric heater (TEN) or a special open coil. The design feature of the device is a reflector (mirror) that reflects infrared waves in the right direction.
• Film. They also run on electricity. The principle of operation is to heat the carbon elements. This is an ideal option for local heating of rooms in a residential building.
• Diesel. Most often used for heating rooms with weak wiring, such as a garage. It should be noted that, unlike conventional diesel heaters, diesel IR panels do not need smoke removal.

Dark and bright IR emitters

By definition, "light" sources are capable of emitting light. The streams radiated by them are perceived by sight, although it is still difficult to call them bright lighting and it is not at all worth using for this purpose.

"Dark" devices deliver a heat flux invisible to humans, felt by the user's skin, but not visually determined. The boundary value between "light" and "dark" is considered to be a wavelength of 3 microns. The boundary temperature of the heated surface is 700º.

The property of infrared emitters to supply thermal energy is actively used in greenhouses, chicken coops and farms to support young animals.

The most famous representative of the "dark" heating unit is a Russian brick stove, which has been successfully heating low-rise buildings for many centuries. Among the "light", as we already understand, is an incandescent electric light bulb, if it supplies no more than 12% of light. Its main energy is directed at the same time to the production of heat.

Features of the device of light devices

Structurally, light sources are similar to a typical incandescent lamp. However, there are differences in the filaments. For bright infrared devices, the temperature cannot exceed the limit of 2270-2770 K. This is necessary to increase the heat flux by reducing the emission of light.

Just like standard light bulbs, a tungsten filament body is placed in a glass bulb. Only the flask is equipped with reflectors, due to which all the radiant energy is focused on the heated object. In this case, a small part of the energy is spent on heating the base of the light bulb.

The flask of light infrared sources is heated to high temperatures, therefore it also participates in the process of heat transfer into space. The thermal energy from the heated bulb is not focused by the reflector and goes into the untreated space, it is the component that reduces the efficiency of the device.

By design and connection method, infrared lamps are very similar to conventional incandescent bulbs. However, the operating temperature of the heating body is much lower, due to which the service life is many times increased.

The performance of a bright infrared source does not exceed 65% on average. It is increased by placing a tungsten heating body in a quartz glass tube or similar flask. This solution allows you to increase the wavelength to 3.3 microns, and reduce the temperature to 600º.

This option is used in quartz IR heaters, in which chromium-nickel wire is wound around a quartz rod and all this is located together in a quartz tube.

Bright infrared emitters are characterized by low performance. The efficiency of their infrared flux does not usually exceed 65%

The essence of the work lies in the double use of wire filament. The released thermal energy is partly used for direct heating, partly for increasing the temperature of the quartz rod. A red-hot rod also emits heat fluxes.

The advantages of tubular devices quite reasonably include the resistance of all components made of quartz and ceramics to atmospheric negative. The disadvantage is the fragility of ceramic parts.

The specifics of the work and design of dark heaters

The so-called "dark" sources of IR fluxes are much more practical than their "light" counterparts. Their radiating element in structure differs for the better. The heated conductor itself does not radiate thermal energy, it is supplied by the surrounding metal sheath.

As a result, the operating temperature of the device does not exceed 400 - 600º.In order for thermal energy not to be wasted, dark emitters are equipped with reflectors that redirect flows in the right direction.

Long-wave emitters of the dark group are not afraid of shocks and similar mechanical effects, because. a fragile polymer or ceramic element in them is protected by a metal like casing and a protective heat-insulating layer. The efficiency of emitters of this group reaches 90%.

But they are not without drawbacks either. Dark group heaters depend on the design features of the device. If the distance between the main radiating element and the surface of the device is large, then it will be washed and cooled by the air flowing past. As a result, the efficiency decreases.

Due to the design features, dark models are installed to heat rooms with low ceilings and areas that require a linear heat supply. Light - put where processing of rooms with high ceilings and vertically elongated areas is required.

The best ceramic heater for summer cottages

Bartolini Pullover I from an Italian manufacturer, with a 24-month warranty, is used for heating domestic premises, garages, summer cottages. The device heats objects, from which the environment then heats up, so oxygen is not burned in the room.

The product is equipped with flame blowing and CO level control sensors, a shutdown sensor when the structure is tilted or dropped.

The heater in black with a strict Italian design looks like a fireplace. Compact device that is easy to transport.

Pros:

• compactness, autonomy;
• saving electricity;
• working area - 60 sq. m;
• equipped with a gas control system;
• high thermal power (4.2 kW);
• 3 working modes;
• volumetric cylinder - 27 liters;
• light specific gravity (13 kilograms);
• small sizes;
• convenient back cover completely closes the gas cylinder;
• technical reliability;
• high sound insulation.

Minuses:

• sometimes smells of gas at the beginning of work;
• The protection system sometimes works for no reason.

Heat waves emitted by infrared panels

In the case of conventional heating, according to the principle of air circulation in the room, the heat is increased. Therefore, the space under the ceiling heats up more than on the floor. In the case of infrared heating, the walls, objects and people heated by the thermal infrared panels emitted heat give off the accumulated heat, which achieves thermal comfort throughout the room with a uniform temperature distribution.

Unlike traditional heating systems, infrared thermal panels do more than simply heat the air in a room. The infrared waves emitted by our devices generate heat when they come into contact with the surface of a wall, object or body. After contact with infrared waves, heat is absorbed by an object and then slowly released into the environment while being reflected to other objects, which also absorb it. We can say that as a result, users are dealing with two types of heat:

• Direct (radiation) - radiated by panels;
• Indirect (radiation) - emitted by surfaces and objects.

This enhances the effect of uniform temperature distribution in the rooms. Thanks to this, we get rid of the feeling of "cold feet" and "hot heads". In turn, heated walls remain dry over the entire surface. Thanks to this, you can additionally eliminate the problem of moisture, prevent the development of mold and fungus.By drying walls, improve their insulating properties (a dry wall is better insulated due to lower thermal conductivity than a wet wall), which reduces the need for heat.

Recipe for an energy-saving heater: infrared panel + thermostat

Since infrared panels, like most electric heating equipment, are not able to control the temperature in the room by themselves, thermostats come to the rescue. These devices, in combination with temperature sensors, allow you to constantly maintain comfortable conditions, optimizing energy consumption.

Thermostats come in different designs. The most common are devices with mechanical and digital control (Fig. 4). Digital models, in turn, may have the ability to program the work schedule, which will allow you to achieve maximum energy savings without sacrificing comfort. Programmable thermostats maintain a comfortable temperature only when it is really needed, and the rest of the time they provide economical heating.

Thermoregulators of the terneo brand for infrared panels: mechanical with installation in a socket box, digital with installation in a socket, digital with the possibility of programming a work schedule with installation in a socket

Thermostats also differ in the installation method:

• for installation in a standard socket box with a diameter of 60 mm;
• for installation in a "euro-socket" (Fig. 5);
• for mounting on a DIN rail in a switchboard.

The latter type is rarely used to control the operation of infrared panels, but the first two are ideal for working in a residential area.Several panels can be connected to one thermostat, based on the maximum power, thus ensuring comfort in a room up to 50 m².

Using an infrared panel with a socket thermostat

The use of infrared panels produced by the Nikaten company, which we have already mentioned above, together with terneo thermostats, can save up to 30% of electricity compared to the conventional heating method.

The principle of operation of infrared heating

IR radiation is electromagnetic waves that are not visible to the human eye. These waves are also called “thermal waves”, they affect our perception in this way, and even more so, thermal radiation from the sun works in the same way. The peculiarity of this radiation is that it does not heat the air, but heats objects - people, animals, furniture, floors. Cooling down, objects give off heat to the air. This ensures a comfortable temperature in the room. The sun heats in the same way. It does not heat the air, but objects, which in turn give off heat. And since the sun is not dangerous for living organisms, the same can be said about infrared heating. With proper installation and operation, a person will not feel any negative effect from its use.

Advantages and disadvantages, the benefits and harms of infrared heating for the home

We will analyze the pros and cons of infrared heating, both in terms of obtaining a comfortable and profitable heat supply, and the impact on the human body.

Given that such heating does not burn oxygen, its use allows you to maintain the required air humidity.With the correct location of the system with the appropriate selection of equipment models, it is possible to achieve both spot heating and the required temperature regime in living or working areas. This is confirmed by those who have already installed private infrared heating houses whose reviews help you make the right choice.

Advantages of infrared heating

For the home, the most effective are ceiling and wall types of heaters. They are very easy to mount. However, a warm floor with IR elements is often used, which are mounted under all types of floor coverings. Considering the pros and cons of infrared heating, let's first note its advantages:

rapid heating of the room;
high resistance to power surges, which is important for the private sector located outside of large cities;
does not dry the air;
ease of installation - no special skills and tools are required;
highly economical.

Cons of infrared heating

Cons of infrared heating:

• the difficulty of combining ceiling models with the style of the interior. Least of all, they are suitable for installation in rooms where the classic style is chosen;
• the need for preliminary design of such a heating system for proper distribution of heat in the room.

Given these shortcomings of infrared heating, you can count on getting the maximum economic and thermal effect at any time of the year.

Benefit or harm - the dilemma of installing infrared heating

Infrared heating system device

Many people ask the question - is infrared heating dangerous for humans? After all, it is radiation, and this word in itself causes concern. Since infrared radiation is an integral part of sunlight, which, subject to the elementary rules of being on it, is completely harmless, this type of heating is also safe, subject to the basic rules of use. There are no harmful chemical reactions in infrared heating itself, there are no rotating or rubbing elements that can become a source of vibration or noise. All these are signs of not only high environmental friendliness, but harmlessness to humans.

In infrared heating, the wave ranges that are safest for human health are used, with a minimum power of the radiation itself. However, it is impossible to say that infrared heating cannot harm human health. The danger is non-observance of the basic rules for the use of equipment, as well as its improper placement. As a result of such violations, the following negative consequences may appear:

• overheating, in the presence of a heater several times higher than the power characteristics required for this room;
• overdrying of the skin, when the position of a person does not change for a long time, and a heater with high temperature settings affects only one side of the human body;
• often the harm of infrared heating is manifested when the ceiling variant is mistakenly installed above the seating area in the head area. Exposure to a heater can cause severe headaches;
• Excessive radiation power can cause damage to the cells of the human body.

Is infrared heating harmful? No, if competent equipment parameters are selected, all technical requirements for installation and use are met.

Principle of operation

Unlike traditional heating systems, in which heaters cause air currents to convect, infrared heating uses radiant energy to a greater extent. Therefore, the surfaces of the floor and furniture that are directly under the radiator or in front of it, if the panels are installed on the wall, are heated. With this method of heat transfer, the air in the room practically does not heat up.

The emitters of an infrared heating system can be very hot. For industrial heaters, it can reach 650 ° C, which, of course, is a minus of these devices. Compliance with the comfortable parameters of heating the room is controlled by a special automatic device - a thermostat. For correct operation of the system, it is installed away from heating appliances and local heat sources, in a place where there is no direct sunlight.

Infrared heaters can work from different energy sources. Radiators for the home, as a rule, are electric. For heating open areas and local heating in large rooms, gas radiators and liquid fuel installations can be used. The infrared ceiling in its design can even have tubular heaters fixed on the reflector with water superheated to 120 ° C. Such systems, called long-wave, warm up the room for a long time, but have a big plus because they do not harm health.

The principle of operation of the IR heater

Heat from any source is distributed in three ways:

1. Convective. The heating element transfers heat directly to the air, as a result of which its specific gravity decreases. The colder and heavier air mass displaces the heated one and takes its place in the heat exchanger. This creates natural air circulation in the room.
2. Radiant. Invisible infrared radiation propagates from a hot surface and directly heats objects in the coverage area. Subsequently, they transfer heat to the room air.
3. Combined. It implies the simultaneous transfer of heat in the first two ways - radiant and convective.

The wavelength and visibility of IR radiation depends on the heating temperature

In fact, any heater gives off heat in a combined way. Depending on the design, only the percentage ratio of the two components of the heat flux changes - convective and radiant. Infrared heaters are considered to be those that transfer more than 80% of heat by radiation, the remaining 20% ​​by convection.

Radiant heat goes directly to objects and does not collect under the ceiling

In modern household appliances, the distribution of infrared heat is realized by the following methods:

• from spiral elements or halogen lamps heated to a temperature of 300 ° C or more;
• from metal plates with a temperature of 100-280 ° C, heated by special heating elements or a gas burner;
• distributed heat from large surfaces with a temperature of 42–100 °C;
• from gas and diesel burners.

The higher the source temperature, the shorter the electromagnetic wave length.Long-wave heaters with a heat-releasing surface temperature of 60–100 °C are considered the most harmless and safe from the point of view of operation.

Advantages and disadvantages

Thanks to a powerful advertising campaign of many manufacturers, infrared heaters have acquired numerous fictional advantages. Therefore, it is necessary to list the real advantages from the operation of these heaters:

1. The infrared heating device will cost less than the installation of thermal power equipment and water systems.
2. Rapid heating of objects and surfaces in the area of ​​the device. Under the influence of radiation, a person feels heat immediately after turning on the heater.
3. A group of 2-3 panel or lamp models installed in one cold room is able to reach a comfortable temperature regime within 2-3 hours.
4. The devices are fireproof and absolutely silent in operation.
5. Radiant heaters are economical compared to heating equipment that burns various types of hydrocarbon fuels.
6. There are no moving parts in the products, which increases the service life.
7. Wall and ceiling versions of devices allow you to save the usable area of ​​​​rooms.
8. Light weight - mobile devices are easy to move to the right place.
9. Film elements, laid under the flooring, heat the entire volume of the room evenly and create a feeling of increased comfort.
10. Ceramic models and film work without problems in rooms with high humidity.
11. Low-temperature models do not burn oxygen in the premises and do not emit any odors.

With the help of infrared devices, it is easy to organize spot heating on the street

An important point should be highlighted: in terms of efficiency, infrared heaters do not have any advantages over convectors, electric boilers and other electric heaters. The efficiency of all these devices lies in the range of 98-99%. The difference is only in the way the heat is transferred into the room.

Ceramic heating panels fit perfectly into the interior of the room

The negative aspects of infrared devices look like this:

• the high cost of the consumed energy carrier - electricity;
• at a distance of 1-2 m from the heater, it is uncomfortable for a person to be, there is a burning sensation (exception - low-temperature panels and film);
• the surfaces of furniture and paintings that are constantly in the area of ​​​​IR radiation may lose their appearance over time;
• in the process of warming up the room, the air remains cold for a long time;
• gas and diesel heaters emit toxic combustion products; ventilation is required in enclosed spaces, which leads to heat loss along with exhaust air;
• the thermostat is often located inside the case, which heats up faster and turns off the device ahead of time;
• ceramic and mikathermic modifications are characterized by a high price.

The statement about the dangers of infrared heaters for human health is groundless. The intolerance of individual users to this type of heating is due to the individual characteristics of the body or the presence of a disease.

The infrared film will evenly heat the room, consuming a minimum of electricity.

Classification of infrared panels

There are two main types of infrared panels:

• mounted. Such panels most often have a colored metal case, which is heated by an infrared emitter.The device is connected through a socket and can be placed both separately and attached to the wall;
• built-in. The basis of such a panel consists of drywall, it contains two layers of emitter and insulation. At the top is an IR emitter in the form of a carbon conductive thread, and on top of it is a protective polymer coating. The panel is connected to a network of 220 V.

There are also designer wall panels.which are available in different sizes and colors. In addition, you can purchase a panel in the form of a plinth, which is attached around the perimeter of the premises instead of the usual one.

If you finish the walls with drywall, the wall type of heating can be used as the main one. When you have another type of heating in your home, such as a solid or liquid fuel source, infrared panels can serve as a backup heating source.

However, along with positive characteristics, this system also has its drawbacks, which are often mentioned in customer reviews:

• the heat from the rays is felt quickly, however, the action of the infrared heater is too pinpoint. It will be very hot in one place and cold in another;
• if the heat affects the human body unevenly, he will suffer from headaches and complain of constant fatigue;
• infrared stoves do not heat the air, but objects, sometimes because of this, the smell of plastic may appear if they are directed to appliances;
• the power of the device is at the level of about 1200 W, but at the same time it can heat a room up to 8 square meters;
• Infrared rays can adversely affect vision.

Features of the use of film infrared heating

film can be placed anywhere

However, never install an infrared heating source under PVC or fabric stretch ceilings.

Above the film, you should first put a plasterboard frame, and the decorative finish should not contain metal.

Such a system has the following advantages:

• the only communication necessary is electricity;
• no need to purchase boilers and the availability of additional premises for the installation of the system;
• the system does not freeze;
• the ability to quickly reinstall everything in another place;
• no need for regular service maintenance of the system, ease of use;
• no noise and combustion products;
• the system does not suffer from voltage drops;
• service life (up to 20 years).

However film infrared heating It also has a significant drawback: it is quite energy intensive and will require significant costs for electricity.

Other types of infrared heating

quite economical

For suspended ceilings, some manufacturers of infrared heating have provided special cassette-type heaters that are mounted in the ceiling.

However, along with a high consumption of electricity, ceiling-mounted infrared heaters have another drawback, this time of an aesthetic nature: they are far from always easily combined in terms of style with the overall interior design.

And wall-mounted infrared panels are a good alternative to traditional heating radiators. They have a small thickness, can be of different sizes and are easy to install with your own hands.

Infrared gas heater for an optimal workplace climate

What needs to be done to ensure comfortable climatic conditions in the production room at any time of the year, even with poor insulation? Install heaters. Teplogazsistem, a company that sells and installs modern gas infrared emitters with a high percentage of energy conversion into heat, will help you with this.

How it works?

The principle of action of the sun was taken as a basis. An infrared heater is installed on the ceiling or the top of the wall. It directs beams down onto the floor and equipment in the room, which heat up and give off heat, heating the entire building. Radiant efficiency (percentage of electricity converted into heat) with infrared heating reaches 80%.

Direct deliveries from European manufacturers

Our company is a partner of the French brand SOLARONICS Chauffage, a well-known manufacturer of infrared gas heaters. Its history is the history of a large international company, dating back more than seventy years, during which the French conquered not only the European, but the world market for heating equipment. There are three types of SOLARONICS Chauffage industrial heaters in the catalog:

• "Light";
• "Dark";
• Centralized heating system.

"Light" IR heaters

This type of infrared gas heater is designed for heating in high rooms with poor insulation. Belongs to class 4 (

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The climatic company "Termomir" offers a range of gas infrared emitters for industrial premises.

Gas infrared heaters They have a wide range of applications, suitable not only for closed interiors, but also for open and semi-open spaces, for outdoor installation, for zonal, spot and local heating. Such devices are optimal for summer cottages, greenhouses, industrial facilities and premises.

IR heaters on gas come in various shapes, but are similar in design. They have a radiating panel that converts the energy received from the combustion of gas into infrared radiation. The heat generated by the heater is absorbed by all surfaces - floors, walls, furnishings, accumulates in them and then provides indirect heating of the air and the entire room. Those. the device does not warm up the air itself and its efficiency does not depend on the installation height or the presence of drafts, therefore it allows you to effectively heat rooms with very high ceilings (warehouses, workshops, exhibition centers), with poor thermal insulation or large glazing (ventilated corridors, winter gardens and greenhouses ), open and semi-open terraces, verandas, gazebos, balconies and loggias. An excellent option for heating individual zones or workplaces in large unheated rooms. Also a plus is the ability to operate IR devices at sub-zero temperatures, strong winds or in damp rooms (and even outdoors during rain or snow).

Infrared heaters usually operate on liquefied (cylinder) gas, for example, outdoor heaters - "mushrooms" or "pyramids" with a built-in gas cylinder, so they most often have a floor installation.

Calculate the power and choose the best option for an infrared heater will help our article - "Infrared heaters - selection and calculation."

A large range of gas infrared heaters of various prices is presented below on the page and in the menu of the site. If you find it difficult to make a choice, please contact our specialists for advice.

Need help choosing or haven't found the right model? Call!

Ceiling infrared heaters

As the name implies, ceiling heaters are designed to be installed on the ceiling. The heating element in them are tubes, which provide thermal infrared radiation. To dissipate heat, special dividers are used, which increase the coverage of the heated area. The recommended minimum installation height for ceiling heaters is 3.2 m, and the average value at which heat dissipation will be optimal is about 3.6 m.

The scope of these heaters is limited mainly by their visual characteristics. The fact is that infrared ceiling heating has a relatively small aesthetic value, so it is extremely impractical to use it in classic interior styles. For a modern interior, this category of heaters is much better suited, but in this case, you need to approach the interior design individually.

Conclusion

The heating system based on infrared thermal panels is the optimal solution for all types of health centers. This is the added value that can be offered to the customer, lower installation and heating costs, better and healthier well-being.Long infrared waves improve the circulatory system, strengthen the immune system, have a positive effect on rheumatoid arthritis, increase collagen tissue stretch, reduce joint stiffness and reduce muscle spasms.

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