Electrical installation
Begin work on the installation of the floor after the subfloor is made. To do this, the soil is cleaned to a depth of half a meter, a layer of sand, crushed stone is covered and poured with concrete. Electric floor heating does not require a high screed, but its optimal height is 10 centimeters.
Do-it-yourself work is done in the following order:
- Waterproofing installation. Ground water must not get on the cable. To do this, use roofing material or a dense film.
- Creation of a heat-insulating layer to prevent heat from escaping into the ground. It is not recommended to use foil as an insulator.
- Reinforced mesh laying and its fixation.
- Cable laying and its garter to the crate. Calculate the required cable length in advance. Choose a solid wire, without soldering. Heating mats can replace the wire.
- Installation of temperature sensors, especially in the area near the machine, where it is necessary to maintain a certain temperature.
- Connecting the cable to a separate shield and test switching.
- If everything is working properly, a layer of screed is poured over the grate, allowed to dry and the final floor is mounted.
The system does not require special maintenance.
Varieties of diesel heaters
Heaters operating on diesel fuel are divided into the following types:
- Stationary;
- Air;
- infrared;
- Direct action devices;
- Indirect units.
The differences between the last two are that direct heating heaters are not equipped with filters and air vents for combustion products. It must be remembered that during the operation of such a unit, the latter immediately enter the room in which it is located. Therefore, they are used in non-residential premises or for urgent repairs during the cold season.
Heaters of this type are characterized by a system that controls combustion. Note that it works in automatic mode. The large fuel tank allows refueling every 10-15 hours.
Indirect diesel heaters do not emit combustion products into the environment, which has been achieved through the use of filters that purify the air. These devices are perfect for residential areas.
Infrared diesel heater
This type of unit can heat buildings with high ceilings, because they are usually installed on the ceiling or wall. Infrared radiation will help to heat even gazebos located in the air.
Such heaters operate similarly to solar radiation.When fuel is burned, heat rays are generated that are aimed at heating objects, people or walls, which, in turn, already heat the air in the room with their heat. This helps to save fuel consumption, which is undoubtedly an advantage. These devices are recommended for use in those rooms that are characterized by poor thermal insulation or there are restrictions on the use of electricity or there is a shortage of it.
Air Diesel Heater
The operation of an air heater resembles the principle of a fan. This unit is equipped with a robust housing that protects against overheating and mechanical damage. Heat guns, which are a type of air heater, heat the room through the movement of a warm air stream and are often used in non-residential premises.
The main feature of this type of heater is that it heats the room as long as it works. This means that if you turn it off, the temperature in the building will drop dramatically.
How the gun works
Insert the lighter into the hole, open the gas, set it on fire, take out the lighter, turn on the fan. The products of combustion exit into the blower of a wood-burning stove made from an empty gas cylinder. Further, everything is displayed using a chimney to the outside. Warm air enters through the side pipe on the heat exchanger. Cylinders with household gas of 50 liters are used. The gas supply is regulated by a regulator, which is installed after the standard reducer. Approximate gas consumption - 15 liters for the autumn-winter period. The air temperature in the room is 18 °C. The gas gun is convenient, useful and mobile.
An important principle of good garage heating with a homemade heater is compliance with fire safety rules:
- exclude ignition, explosion of the device;
- the heating parts of the device must not emit harmful substances and burn oxygen;
- the ability to quickly heat the room;
- the device should be compact and take up little space;
- the cost of the product should not exceed factory counterparts;
- you need to know that the permissible temperature in the garage in winter is about 5 degrees.
It is recommended to equip the created installations with thermostats (bimetallic, electronic) to maintain a comfortable temperature.
The use of gas heaters for garage heating:
- To improve heat transfer, the burner body is lengthened. A metal disk is attached to the end of the burner, 8 holes with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled in it.
- The gas supply pipe is extended with a suitable diameter.
- To increase heat transfer, metal plates are inserted crosswise from one end of the extension cord.
- A clamp is attached to the other end of the burner extension, then the heat exchanger will be mounted.
- Burner assembled.
- To exit the heated air, a hole is cut out in the heat exchanger housing and a piece of pipe with a diameter of 80 mm is welded.
- A ring is welded onto the front end of the heat exchanger, suitable for the diameter of the burner.
- A fan switch is attached to the other end of the heat exchanger.
- A fan is installed from the car stove.
- For ignition, a hole is drilled on the side.
- A household gas lighter is used.
- A stationary domestic gas cylinder of 50 liters is used.
Gas supply regulator.For fastening with the heat exchanger housing, a clamp is mounted on the burner side. In order to improve heat transfer, two strips of steel 2 mm thick are welded crosswise on the opposite side. For the manufacture of the heat exchanger, a thin-walled steel pipe 180 mm is used. The front end is plugged and a hole with a diameter of 80 mm is cut out in it for the passage of the burner extension.
The burner with an extension is inserted and attached to the clamp with two self-tapping screws. A hole is also made in the side of the heat exchanger pipe and a piece of pipe with a diameter of 80 mm is welded to allow hot air to escape. A fan from a car stove with a power of 12 V is installed on the heat exchanger pipe, it is allowed to use any one with a suitable diameter, with a power of 220 V. A hole is drilled to ignite the gun, the structure is placed on a stand.
fiery
Powerful gas heaters for large rooms with catalytic afterburning are expensive, but record-breaking economical and efficient. It is impossible to reproduce them in amateur conditions: you need a microperforated ceramic plate with platinum coating in the pores and a special burner made of precision-made parts. At retail, one or the other will cost more than a new heater with a guarantee.
Camping mini-heaters on gas
Tourists, hunters and fishermen have long come up with low-power afterburner heaters in the form of an attachment to a camp stove. These are also produced on an industrial scale, pos. 1 in fig. Their efficiency is not so hot, but it is enough to heat the tent until lights out in sleeping bags. The design of the afterburner is rather complicated (pos. 2), which is why factory tent heaters are not cheap.Fans of these also make a lot, from tin cans or, for example. from automotive oil filters. In this case, the heater can work both from a gas flame and from a candle, see video:
Video: portable oil filter heaters
With the advent of heat-resistant and heat-resistant steels in wide use, lovers of outdoor activities increasingly prefer gas camping heaters with afterburning on a grid, pos. 3 and 4 - they are more economical and heat better. And again, amateur creativity combined both options into a combined type mini-heater, pos. 5., able to work both from a gas burner and from a candle.
Drawing of a mini-heater from improvised materials for a summer residence
A drawing of a home-made mini-heater for afterburning is shown in fig. on right. If it is used occasionally or temporarily, it can be made entirely from cans. For an enlarged version for giving, jars of tomato paste, etc. will go. Replacing the perforated mesh cover significantly reduces warm-up time and fuel consumption. A larger and very durable option can be assembled from car rims, see next. video clip. This is already considered a stove, because. you can cook on it.
Homemade # 1 - based on the heater "Good Heat"
Many heating devices work according to the so-called "thermal film principle". For example, the well-known "Kind Heat". It is not difficult to assemble its analogue at home. For this you will need:
- Laminated paper plastic. Two sheets of the same size with an area of \u200b\u200babout 1 sq. m.
- graphite powder.You can grind graphite yourself, for example, old graphite trolley brushes.
- Epoxy adhesive.
- A piece of good wire with a plug on the end.
Heater Good heat - a prototype for many home-made devices
The work is carried out in stages:
- We mix the glue with graphite powder and carefully stir the resulting mixture. Thus, we get not just an adhesive composition, but a graphite conductor with high resistance. The amount of graphite in the adhesive directly affects the maximum temperature of the future heater. On average, it is about 65 ° C.
- We apply the prepared composition on a sheet of plastic with zigzag wide strokes. For processing, we use the rougher side of the sheet.
- We connect plastic sheets with each other using epoxy glue.
- For greater structural strength, we construct a wooden frame that securely fixes the sheets.
- From different sides of the structure, we attach copper terminals to the graphite conductors. Alternatively, you can also connect a simple thermostat, which will allow you to set the most comfortable heating mode. However, this is not required.
- Dry the structure thoroughly. Even a little moisture will damage a homemade heater the first time you try to turn it on.
- We carry out tests, measure the resistance of the device. Based on the value obtained, we calculate the power and determine whether it is safe to connect the heater to the network.
The device is ready for use. It can be placed both on the floor or on the wall, does not take up much space, is quite effective and safe, provided that it is of high quality insulation.
Graphite is crushed and mixed with epoxy glue - this is how a graphite conductor is obtained.
Scheme of the device of the future heating device
Wood burning stove
The good old solid fuel potbelly stove is a classic that will never lose its relevance. We offer detailed instructions for the manufacture of such a homemade oven for the garage.
The first thing you need is a pipe. It will become the basis for the future furnace.
In the fragment used, cut a hole for the grate - without it, it will be problematic to heat the lower layers of firewood.
Place the ash box exactly on the cut hole.
Turn the workpiece over and make holes for the chimney.
To increase heat transfer during kindling, it is recommended to use horizontal baffles in the chimney.
The heat exchanger can be made from thin pipes.
The stove will stand on legs - they are easy to make from any material at hand. In the photo, for example, a bumper amplifier is used.
We assemble the structure and remove the chimney correctly.
We add refractory bricks inside - so the potbelly stove will work much more productively!
We offer you ready-made drawings to speed up the process - according to them you can quickly and, most importantly, correctly assemble a wood-burning stove for your garage and be satisfied.
Common types
Forced air heating devices are widely used. Thermal energy in them is created due to the combustion of diesel fuel. This heat is used to heat a metal or ceramic element, and when the fan is turned on, warm air begins to circulate and the room warms up. They are best used in large rooms, without air flow and drafts. These heaters are very efficient and inexpensive.
Infrared diesel heaters.Infrared radiation is similar to solar radiation, it warms up objects and people first of all, and then the air. Infrared solar heaters are also arranged.
An important advantage of this type of heating is the instantaneous heating of objects close to it. Devices are well suited for rooms with drafts
Due to the fact that diesel fuel burns completely, such devices do not need smoke removal. They are often installed outdoors and in street cafes. The disadvantage of such heat sources is the inability to heat large rooms.
Solar heating boilers work on the same principle as turbocharged gas appliances. Their similarity is also in easy electronic control in automatic mode.
Compact appliances are very popular on the market - a kind of potbelly stove with a fan. They are of 2 types:
- with direct heating (no chimney);
- with indirect heating.
The principle of operation of a potbelly stove with indirect heating is very simple. Liquid fuel enters the combustion chamber, where it is burned due to the air supplied by the fan. Passing through the heat exchanger, warm air rushes into the room, heating it over the entire area. Such a heating device is very often used in garages. The design of heating devices allows: to control the consumed fuel and to regulate the temperature.
Autonomous gas burners
Autonomous gas burner
The third place in the rating is the best way, but since it involves the use of an autonomous heater, and we need methods of dealing with the cold, so to speak, “with our bare hands”, he got to the third line.
The choice of autonomous heaters for cars today is quite wide. Among the many models, a liquid heater can be distinguished, for example, such as Webasto. Such heaters will not only warm the interior of the car, but also help to start the car engine, as they are liquid preheaters. Only now they are expensive and you need to correctly install this heater on the car.
Now about completely autonomous heaters, among which gas heaters come out on top. Infrared burners are used as the main element in them. Such a heater will not only warm the interior, but will also make it possible to boil tea or warm food. But in addition to the heater, you will have to carry a bottle of liquefied gas with you. So for a passenger car, a five-liter cylinder will do.
The video shows how an autonomous gas burner works:
One kilowatt is the rated power of such a burner and this is quite enough to warm up. As for consumption, it is unlikely that more than 80 grams per hour of gas will go away. This means that it will be possible to provide yourself with warmth for a day or even more. The gas burner itself is very convenient, light and compact. Carrying it will not cause any inconvenience, only in addition to the cylinder, as additional equipment, you must not forget to take a lighter, a hose and a reducer with you.
Light a gas burner should be away from combustible materials and in every possible way observe fire safety measures. In addition, it will be necessary to periodically ventilate the interior so as not to suffocate in the smoke. Experts advise placing a gas heater in a special box in order to completely eliminate the contact of the burner with the car.Prometheus gas burners have proven themselves well.
How to make a homemade gas gun using a torch
Before proceeding with the collection of this simple system, it should be noted that a gas gun emits a large amount of exhaust into the air. It should not be used for a long time.
The main details of the heat gun:
- burner;
- pipe;
- fan.
As a base, a gas burner is used, powered by a cylinder for refilling lighters. The gas supply pipe should be cut in two, then an additional pipe should be soldered to it, the diameter of which should not exceed 0.9 cm. Several holes 0.5 cm in diameter should be made in the tube that is inserted into the burner for ventilation. The outlet of the burner jet should be expanded to 0.3 cm.
Attention! When working with a gas gun, it is strictly prohibited:
- place flammable substances in the hot air jet supply field;
- fill the cylinders yourself;
- use a heat gun to dry clothes.
In addition, when working with a homemade unit, the following recommendations must be followed:
- the gun should be used to quickly heat the air in the garage, do not leave it for a long time;
- in case of a sharp decrease in indoor air quality, the gun should be turned off;
- the gas gun must be compact;
- to maintain a comfortable temperature in the garage, the device can be equipped with a thermostat.
It is easy to assemble a heater for a garage room with your own hands, but you should not forget about the safety of operation. The key characteristic of a burner or heat gun is that it is cheap, since it can be made from leftover materials.
