Energy-saving heating systems: how and on what can you save?

Apartment insulation

An important point for saving on heating the apartment is the insulation of the house. Thin walls, double-glazed windows, wooden frames or an uninsulated loggia are heat leakage during the cold season. This is especially felt in corner apartments or on the lower and upper floors of buildings.

Experts recommend insulating the house not only inside, but also outside. Of great importance is the insulation of the ends, since it is through them that the greatest heat leakage occurs.

Inside the apartment, experts recommend replacing windows with plastic ones, insulating a closed balcony or loggia. Styrofoam is chosen as an inexpensive, but effective insulation.

What fuel is the most profitable

A considerable amount of money from the owners of private real estate is spent on the purchase of energy resources for the upcoming heating season. But different types of fuel have different efficiency and cost. Currently, the most profitable is the use of main gas, so it is considered the classic raw material for energy-saving heating.

In regions where there are many forest plantations, firewood is approaching an inexpensive price category, a similar situation is also associated with coal. This is followed by products of industrial processing of wood raw materials and agricultural waste, such as briquettes and pellets.

As for liquid fuel - oil, oil products, diesel fuel, etc., as well as liquefied propane - butane, their prices are 5-7 times higher than for gas from main networks. And electricity for heating a property will cost ten times more. By the way, the heat pumps used for generation are powered by electricity, although it is consumed a little.

In different regions of the country, the situation with the provision of solid fuel is different. In some localities, it is quite affordable and has a favorable price due to the geographical location of the property. At the same time, fuel should be brought to other places, otherwise it is reflected in the final costs of heat supply.

The situation with fuel resources is not bad at the owners of farms who have cake, husks, shells or sawmill owners who have access to free production waste - bark, wood chips and sawdust.

The efficiency of each type of fuel primarily depends on its quality characteristics. So, when heating with dry wood, more thermal energy is generated than when heated with wet raw materials. Solid wood species such as oak give off more heat.

If liquid fuel is used, such as diesel fuel, then for complete combustion it must contain a minimum amount of impurities and it will often have to be heated. In the event of a voltage drop in the mains, the performance of the heaters is reduced. By the way, in order to equip energy-efficient heat supply, there is no need to focus solely on one type of fuel resource. Parallel connection of heat generators independently operating on different raw materials is permissible.

electrical systems

Any electrical home heating system can be equipped according to two principles.

1. Direct. Heating of any room is produced by devices that are powered directly from the network.
2. Indirect. With this principle, a coolant is used that will heat the radiators that are installed in the rooms.

Here are the electric heating systems in order of increasing investment price:

• fan heaters and various convectors;
• heating with infrared radiation;
• electric heaters;
• warm floors (cable and film);
• conventional water system, which is equipped with an electric boiler and radiators of various sizes.

Kinds

Heating a house with electricity can be of several types:

• convection;
• warm floor;
• infrared;
• water.

Thermal fans often have a forced injection of air masses and a fairly mobile design. They can be installed in the most convenient places.

The heating system based on infrared radiation is much more efficient. These devices are attached to the ceiling and heat all surfaces, which then heat the air with themselves.

Such an entertaining method of heating as underfloor heating is very popular. The method is based on a heating film, cable mats or a heating type of cable, which can heat a very spacious room. The device itself is inexpensive, but installation under a screed or coating will clearly deal a significant blow to the family budget.

The basis of all mikathermic heaters are non-metallic heating plates, which were developed using a new unique technology.

Pros and cons

Electric heating of your own home has significant advantages.

• Ease and simplicity of installation. This equipment does not require a separate boiler room or smoke passage.
• Safety. There are no products of combustion and the presence of carbon monoxide.
• Low initial investment.
• Reliability and quietness.
• High level of efficiency. Electric heating is necessarily equipped with a special system that will allow the owners to regulate the temperature in any room of their house.

Energy dependence can be called another significant drawback. Space heating is not possible if the electricity goes out.

Unstable voltage in the network can also be called a disadvantage; this problem will be extremely acute in rural areas.

If you still decide on electric heating, then you will need to take into account the general condition and power parameters of the electrical wiring in your home. A large cottage for these purposes will need a three-phase network.

Boiler characteristics

Modern electric boilers operate on three principles of heating the coolant:

1. heating elements;
2. electrodes;
3. using magnetic induction.

The first option can be called the most common. The coolant from the system passes into the boiler, where it quickly heats up with the help of tubular heating elements and returns back to the system. This type of equipment is considered safe, quite functional, and also has built-in automation, and it will control the temperature in the rooms and the temperature of the coolant itself.

Electrode devices work on a different principle. In this device, the heating element consists of two electrodes - voltage is applied to them. The coolant is heated due to the electric current that will move through it from the first electrode to the second, after which the coolant enters the heating system.

The design of induction-type boilers is more complex, although structurally they are much more attractive. This type of boiler does not have such heating elements that the townsfolk are accustomed to. The heat exchanger, being part of the magnetic circuit, heats up the coolant with the help of a strong magnetic field, which passes through it into the heating system.

Electric heating of a cottage in the form of indirect heat transfer has significant advantages over heating with gas and air: hot water electric boilers are very reliable, do not require a chimney and have a high efficiency.

home heating installation cost

Our company can provide a complete list of all services for the installation of heating systems of various types. Our prices are the most favorable for both the capital and the region.

Creating a heating system in your own home requires a certain level of knowledge and skills. It is thanks to the organic combination of these requirements that it is possible to create a system that can serve the owners for a long time, providing an effective level of heating. The specialists of our company will help to achieve the desired result in the shortest possible time and at an affordable price for the client.

The main measures to save thermal energy in everyday life.Brief description of the main heat-insulating materials. Modern technologies for heating residential premises.

Thermal energy is widely used in modern industries and in everyday life in the form of steam, hot water, fuel combustion products. Each consumer can influence the reduction of heat losses. To do this, it is necessary to replace old windows with modern ones, with double and, if possible, triple-glazed windows, because half of the heat loss goes through their surface. If it is not possible to replace the windows, they must be repaired using sealing materials that prevent the formation of drafts. For the winter, they should certainly be pasted over with strips of paper. This primitive measure is quite effective and allows you to save home heat by reducing its loss through windows. The inner surface of the glass can be pasted over with a low-emission thermal reflective film. This measure reduces heat loss through the window surface by 30%. Window openings must be decorated with thick curtains, the length of which should be such as to leave the heaters free. The surface of the radiators must be absolutely free. It must not be covered with screens, gratings or decorative elements. The heated air from their surface should freely and unhindered rise upwards, providing convective heat transfer. Doorways also need to be insulated.

One of these alternative sources of heating is energy-saving heating based on infrared radiation, which heats objects, including the body, directly, bypassing the air heating stage, due to which the heating process is much more efficient and faster.And this means that the energy costs for the process will be much cheaper. a heat pump is an electrical device that maintains the heat of the territory and water on the site. Alternative heating sources:

Geothermal heating - heating of residential and non-residential premises due to the heat of the earth.

Solar heating - solar energy is collected and transferred to the premises through special batteries.

Infrared heating - light infrared thermal panels installed under the ceiling of the room.

58. Main measures to reduce the consumption of electrical energy in everyday life.

Electrical energy is one of the perfect types of energy. The main element of household energy saving is the rational lighting of the apartment, which consists of natural and artificial lighting.

The next element of household energy saving is to save electricity when cooking.

Proper operation of household electrical appliances contains large reserves of energy savings.

Significant energy savings can be achieved by using radio and television equipment, which is a significant consumer of electricity.

Increased power consumption is caused by the use of electric heaters (fireplaces, radiators, convectors, etc.) in addition to the central heating system.In order to save heat, it is necessary to perform the simplest measures, namely: prepare windows for winter in a timely manner; put in order before the onset of cold weather window latches; cover the floors with thick carpets or rugs; arrange furniture so as not to interfere with the circulation of warm air from the battery; curtains should not be very long so as not to cover the radiators of the central heating.

Many people think that saving water is another problem, not related to electricity. In fact, by saving water, we save energy. Water does not come to our high-rise buildings by itself. Powerful pumps, driven by electric motors, raise the water to the desired height. This energy consumption is not reflected in our electricity meters, but its magnitude is very noticeable. Tips for saving water are very simple: good condition of taps in bathtubs, washbasins and sinks; serviceability of toilets; reducing the use of the bathroom due to the use of the shower.

Use of solar energy

Solar heat is an environmentally friendly and fairly efficient source for a number of heating systems. Some modifications use electricity as additional power, others work only from solar cells. In some cases, there is no need for additional equipment - sunlight is enough.

Air Modular Manifolds

Solar panels (collectors) are installed on the south side of the building at such an angle that their heating by the sun's rays is maximum.The system works in automatic mode: when the air temperature drops below the set point, the air is forced through the heating modules with the help of fans. One air battery allows you to heat a room up to 40 m², respectively, a set of collectors is able to serve the entire house.

For the southern regions, modular solar air collectors are quite effective and inexpensive equipment for creating a heating system.

Solar modules are environmentally friendly and cost-effective, they are convenient to use in conjunction with other heating systems as a backup source of energy. The design of the devices is simple, so there are schemes for assembling solar panels with your own hands. Ready collectors are also affordable and pay for themselves quickly. The only thing that needs to be done before buying them is to calculate the power of the equipment and the dimensions of the modules.

In cottages and country houses, solar panels are installed for backup power supply of DC 12/24/48 Volts of small power or AC loads of 220 Volts

Air-water collectors

Hot water systems powered by solar energy are also suitable for any climate. The principle of operation of the system is simple: the water heated in the collectors flows through pipes into the storage tank, and from it - throughout the house. The liquid is constantly circulating under the action of the pump, so the process is continuous. Several solar collectors and two large reservoirs can provide heat for a country house - of course, provided that there is enough sun. High-temperature collectors allow you to install a "warm floor".

Solar hot water systems do not pollute the air at all and do not create noise, but their installation requires additional equipment: a pump, a pair of storage tanks, a boiler, a pipeline

The advantage of equipment operating on water collectors is environmental friendliness. Silence and clean air inside the house are no less important than heating and hot water. Before installing solar collectors, it is necessary to calculate how effective they will be in a particular case, because all the nuances are important for full-fledged work: from the installation site to the estimated power of the devices. One disadvantage should also be taken into account - in areas with a long summer period, an excess of heated water will appear, which will have to be drained into the ground.

Solar heating passive type

Passive solar heating does not require any additional equipment. The main conditions are three factors:

• perfect tightness and thermal insulation of the house;
• sunny, cloudless weather;
• optimal location of the house in relation to the sun.

One of the options suitable for arranging such a system is a frame house with large glass windows facing south. The sun heats the house both from the outside and from the inside, as its heat is absorbed by the walls and floors.

With the help of passive solar equipment, without the use of electricity and expensive pumps, you can save 60-80% of the cost of heating a private house

Thanks to the passive system in sunny areas, savings in heating costs exceed 80%. In the northern regions, this heating method is not effective, therefore it is used as an additional one.

All energy-saving heating systems have advantages over conventional ones, the main thing is to choose the most optimal, possibly combined, option that combines work efficiency and resource savings.

(1 vote, average: 5 out of 5)

Use of solar energy

Solar heat is an environmentally friendly and fairly efficient source for a number of heating systems. Some modifications use electricity as additional power, others work only from solar cells. In some cases, there is no need for additional equipment - sunlight is enough.

Air Modular Manifolds

Solar panels (collectors) are installed on the south side of the building at such an angle that their heating by the sun's rays is maximum. The system works in automatic mode: when the air temperature drops below the set point, the air is forced through the heating modules with the help of fans. One air battery allows you to heat a room up to 40 m², respectively, a set of collectors is able to serve the entire house.

For the southern regions, modular solar air collectors are quite effective and inexpensive equipment for creating a heating system.

Solar modules are environmentally friendly and cost-effective, they are convenient to use in conjunction with other heating systems as a backup source of energy. The design of the devices is simple, so there are schemes for assembling solar panels with your own hands. Ready collectors are also affordable and pay for themselves quickly. The only thing that needs to be done before buying them is to calculate the power of the equipment and the dimensions of the modules.

In cottages and country houses, solar panels are installed for backup power supply of DC 12/24/48 Volts of small power or AC loads of 220 Volts

Air-water collectors

Hot water systems powered by solar energy are also suitable for any climate. The principle of operation of the system is simple: the water heated in the collectors flows through pipes into the storage tank, and from it - throughout the house. The liquid is constantly circulating under the action of the pump, so the process is continuous. Several solar collectors and two large reservoirs can provide heat for a country house - of course, provided that there is enough sun. High-temperature collectors allow you to install a "warm floor".

Solar hot water systems do not pollute the air at all and do not create noise, but their installation requires additional equipment: a pump, a pair of storage tanks, a boiler, a pipeline

The advantage of equipment operating on water collectors is environmental friendliness. Silence and clean air inside the house are no less important than heating and hot water. Before installing solar collectors, it is necessary to calculate how effective they will be in a particular case, because all the nuances are important for full-fledged work: from the installation site to the estimated power of the devices. One disadvantage should also be taken into account - in areas with a long summer period, an excess of heated water will appear, which will have to be drained into the ground.

Solar heating passive type

Passive solar heating does not require any additional equipment. The main conditions are three factors:

• perfect tightness and thermal insulation of the house;
• sunny, cloudless weather;
• optimal location of the house in relation to the sun.

One of the options suitable for arranging such a system is a frame house with large glass windows facing south. The sun heats the house both from the outside and from the inside, as its heat is absorbed by the walls and floors.

With the help of passive solar equipment, without the use of electricity and expensive pumps, you can save 60-80% of the cost of heating a private house

Thanks to the passive system in sunny areas, savings in heating costs exceed 80%. In the northern regions, this heating method is not effective, therefore it is used as an additional one.

All energy-saving heating systems have advantages over conventional ones, the main thing is to choose the most optimal, possibly combined, option that combines work efficiency and resource savings.

Reducing costs with appliances

The most efficient heating system is considered, which allows to achieve comfortable heating at a minimum temperature of the coolant. To achieve this goal, it is best to use a water-heated floor scheme.

This method is comfortable and hygienic, besides, the structures are completely hidden from the eyes, which allows you to combine a warm floor with various types of traditional coatings: tiles, linoleum, carpet, parquet

Unfortunately, in a harsh climate, underfloor heating is often not able to compensate for heat loss, especially if the house has large glazed spaces.This is due to the fact that the maximum allowable temperature of the flooring has a strict limit: it should not exceed +27°C.

The best option in this case is a combination of underfloor heating with modern radiators that can be connected from the bottom of the floor or wall, which allows you to exclude not very aesthetic pipe connections from the interior.

A huge range of radiators is on sale, which differ not only in the manufacturer and type of device, but also in color, shape, size. This allows you to find the optimal model to fit it into the interior.

Based on the principle of energy efficiency, it is better to dwell on the collector-beam two-pipe radiator heating scheme. In this case, a special heating branch (supply and return element) is installed in each room. Such a system allows you to maintain your own temperature in each room, minimally affecting neighboring rooms.

7 Solar energy saving designs

Currently, the development of technologies that make it possible to use solar energy for various purposes deserves attention. This simple and economical way of heating a room is usually used as an additional source of electricity.

Solar air collectors are installed on the roof of the house on the south side so that even in winter the sun's rays fall on them. When the limit temperature in the chamber is reached, the fan responsible for heat exchange automatically turns on. Air masses from the rooms begin to pass through the collector, where they heat up and return to the room again. Depending on how energy efficient the house is, the appliance can heat a 44 sq. m.

Collectors are durable, require minimal funds to maintain them, and are also considered an environmentally-friendly and cost-effective heating option. Some of the models work autonomously, others use very little electricity from the network. In the second case, changes in the wiring of electrical communications will be needed.

Solar heating systems operate silently, without emitting harmful substances. Suitable for both new buildings and old buildings. The main disadvantage of such structures is an excess of hot water in the summer. At high temperatures, this can be a problem: usually, excess water is discharged into the pipeline.

There is a wide variety of types of heating systems that consume a minimum amount of energy. The main thing is to choose the optimal energy-saving heating scheme. There will be some costs to install the equipment, but they will quickly pay off due to energy savings.