Overview of modern energy-saving heating systems: we save on heat

Wood heating

Wood has been widely used since ancient times. for heating houses: It is a renewable resource available to the public. It is not necessary to use full-fledged trees, you can also heat the room with wood waste: brushwood, branches, shavings. For such fuel, there are wood-burning stoves - a prefabricated structure made of cast iron or welded from steel.True, such devices have negative characteristics that prevent their widespread use:

1. The most environmentally friendly heaters. During the combustion of fuel, toxic substances are released in large quantities.
2. Firewood is required.
3. Cleaning of burnt ash is required.
4. The most flammable heaters. If you do not know the technique of cleaning chimneys, a fire may occur.
5. The room in which the stove is installed is heated, while in other rooms the air remains cool for a long time.

We insulate the house as much as possible

Oddly enough, but this is one of the most effective methods of saving. Without exaggeration, a must. An energy-saving heating system will never become if we heat the street. You need to move in the following directions:

First of all, it is necessary to qualitatively insulate massive enclosing structures - external walls and extreme ceilings.
In parallel, it is necessary to pay attention to the openings, because through them the main heat losses occur. You should not save on windows and doors (entrance, balcony, etc.)

Choose the most protected from heat transfer that is, everything will pay off in our latitudes.
If the cottage is equipped forced ventilation system, a lot of normally wasted heat energy can be left inside when using a recovery unit. It is better to completely refuse ventilation with vents, the normal option is installation of adjustable supply valves on windows or walls.

Electric boilers

As in the case of the heating system, and in the hot water system, you can use the electrical energy received from solar power plants or wind generators. To do this, you can use electric energy-saving boilers.

Benefits of using electric boilers for heating systems and hot water supply are:

1. Ease of installation and maintenance;
2. Environmental safety and efficiency of devices;
3. Long terms of operation.

The disadvantages include - dependence on uninterrupted power supply and additional load on the electrical network.

Energy-saving electric boilers are:

• electrode;
• ionic;
• ion exchange.

The difference between these types of boilers in the conversion process electrical energy into heat. In addition to differences in design (type), boilers differ in: the number of working circuits, installation method, power, overall dimensions and other technical indicators determined by manufacturers.

Energy saving, when using this equipment, is achieved due to:

1. Reducing the inertia of heating devices;
2. The use of special physical transformations of electrical energy into thermal energy;
3. Ensuring a smooth start at the beginning of the work process;
4. The use of automation systems, when controlling the temperature of the coolant and air;
5. The use of modern materials and technologies in the manufacture.

Optimizing fuel consumption

Which boiler is better

To make heating truly economical, it is necessary to use a heat generator that will use energy carriers most efficiently. It's about efficiency. Obviously, modern heating devices from well-known manufacturers as voracious as their less technological counterparts from the past.

In a long-burning pyrolysis boiler, the calorific potential of firewood is fully utilized

Recently, new classes of heat generators with increased efficiency have appeared that use innovative technologies. A striking example is condensation energy saving heating boilersrunning on gas. Due to the fact that they extract "additional" heat from the water vapor leaving the smoke, the efficiency rises to 110 percent, and it is possible to save up to 15 percent of blue fuel. Among wood-fired units, pyrolysis (gas-generating) boilers show the most outstanding energy efficiency indicators, the efficiency of which approaches the previously unattainable 92 percent. It is clear that there will be savings in firewood, because traditional devices rarely reach a “utility” of 80%.

If the house has radiator heating, and there is no alternative to electricity, then you should consider installing an induction boiler, which does not have problems with scale and does not lose its efficiency over time. If pipes and liquid heat carrier are not used, then as an alternative to heaters, you can try to calculate the underfloor heating system. In any case, the concept of electric energy-saving heating exists exclusively in its closed segment, regardless of gas and solid fuel systems.

Features of the implementation of geothermal heating of a country house

Characteristics of an economical heat generator

It is also possible to formulate a number of general recommendations for the selection and use of boilersto make energy-saving heating a reality:

• Purchase a heat generator that is optimally suited in terms of power. An unjustified reserve, as well as a lack of performance, entails excessive fuel consumption.
• Give preference to mono-fuel heating devices.In the case of energy efficiency, the rule applies: the universal is the enemy of the good. And since you need fuel versatility, let it be a boiler with separate fireboxes for several types of energy carrier or a pair of different types of boilers.
• Gas boilers with piezo ignition (there is no constantly burning wick) and a modulated burner (productivity is smoothly regulated over the entire range) consume less fuel.
• If it is necessary to connect a DHW circuit, then it may not be worth buying a double-circuit boiler, but simply installing an indirect heating boiler in the system.
• The more functional and accurate the control automation of the heat generator, the easier it will be to set the most economical mode of its operation.

Weather-dependent automation and room-by-room climate control have long ceased to be exotic

Solar panels. Working principle of solar heating system

Solar heating can also be included in the list where all the new technologies for home heating are present. In this case, not only photovoltaic panels, but also solar collectors can be used for heating. Photovoltaic panels have practically fallen out of use, since collector-type batteries have a much higher efficiency indicator.

Heating the latest heating systems for a private house, which are powered by solar energy, include components such as a collector - a device consisting of a series of tubes, these tubes are attached to a tank that is filled with coolant.

Heating scheme with solar collectors

According to their design features, solar collectors can be of the following varieties: vacuum, flat or air.Sometimes a component such as a pump can be included in such modern heating systems of a country house. It will be designed to provide mandatory circulation along the coolant circuit. This will contribute to more efficient heat transfer.

In order for solar heating technology to be the most efficient, some rules must be followed. Firstly, such new technologies for heating a country house can only be used in regions where it is sunny at least 15-20 days a year. If this indicator is lower, then additional new types of heating of a private house should be installed. The second rule dictates that the collectors be placed as high as possible. You need to orient them so that they absorb as much solar heat as possible.

The most optimal angle of the collector to the horizon is considered to be 30-45 0 .

To prevent unnecessary heat loss, it is necessary to insulate all pipes that connect the heat exchanger to the solar collectors.

Thus, we see that the development of technology does not stand still, and novelties in home heating are as much a necessity as the modernization of equipment that we use every day.

Innovations in the heating system use something completely new and unusual for us - thermal energy from different sources.

Modern types of heating a private house sometimes amaze the imagination, however, in modern times, each of us can already purchase or make such modern heating for a country house or a private one with our own hands.New in heating a private house are efficient systems that continue to develop the field of heating equipment, and we hope that all the most effective options are yet to come.

The heating system in a newly built house is the basis for many other activities in private homes. After all, it is heating that is the condition under which it is possible to carry out internal finishing work and the construction and installation of communications. This process is especially necessary when the construction of a house is delayed and all activities related to internal work fall on the cold season.

The scheme of heating the house with a gas boiler.

Many homeowners are forced to put them off due to the fact that the houses do not yet have an adequate heating system. Therefore, even at the stage of building a house, and even better before it, it is necessary to carefully consider all the options related to the organization of the heating system in the house. Depending on the style in which your house will be decorated and how often you intend to use the finished structure, it is necessary to select materials for construction and, accordingly, determine which heating system is suitable for these specific conditions. Both traditional and modern heating systems for private houses can be selected.

Installing quality batteries

Battery quality affects on the final cost of heating in the apartment. This is due to the heat transfer coefficient and the amount of water consumed. Old type radiators consume large volumes with low heat transfer.

Experts recommend installing batteries made of aluminum or bimetal in the apartment. Such models have a high heat dissipation.It is up to 185 watts per section. They also differ long service life. Batteries can last up to 20 years with proper maintenance.

Another advantage of aluminum and bimetal radiators is low water consumption, no more than 500 milliliters. A small consumption allows you to quickly adjust the temperature in the room and maintain it at a given level.

Electric boilers for heating

The boiler of any system is a heat generator, it heats the coolant and supplies it to the circuit. In principle, any heating scheme can work with any type of boiler.

Electric boilers for household heating are considered very convenient, but they require a power supply of sufficient power.

Advantages of installing electric boilers for private houses:

1. Simple installation of heating boilers, much easier than gas boilers. Installation does not require a separate room.
2. A chimney and a separate room are not needed. An electric boiler can be placed in any room.
3. Small dimensions and weight, therefore, they are easy to fix.
4. Environmental safety, no harmful gases are emitted.
5. High efficiency - 95-98%.

How to create energy-saving heating for a private house based on an existing system

Even if your private house already has a working heating system, this does not mean that it cannot be made energy-saving. Using thermostatic valves, you can achieve an efficient, energy-saving heating system, even if you are using a not-so-efficient gas boiler.

These valves must be installed on the supply pipe in front of each battery.If the temperature in a room in a private house is too high, installing a valve will help to avoid excessive heat from the radiators. Excess water will go through the jumper to the next battery. Thus, it is possible to save up to 20% of energy resources. Valves are inexpensive and have detailed instructions for installation.

The automatic control system installed on the boiler will increase the convenience and comfort. For its work you need:

• outside air temperature sensor;

• automation system;

• cables for equipment installation;

• a sensor that measures the temperature inside the rooms.

Temperature sensors outside of a private house and in the rooms they receive information about it and transfer it to a microcomputer, which, based on calculations, regulates the operation of the boiler.

If you have a sufficiently powerful electrical network, you can pay attention to energy-saving electric heating.

Read related material: How to make heating in a private house: options and schemes

Optimization of heating systems of a private house

In Soviet times, in case of overheating private house with batteries, people simply opened the windows and released excess heat into the street. Now, in the face of rising heating prices, no one wants to heat the street. Proper heating of rooms in a private house can be ensured by the installation of automatic temperature control and regulation systems. In this case, the private house will receive only required amount of heat.

1. Thermostatic valves.

Without these devices, it is difficult to imagine energy-saving heating in a modern private house. These valves are mounted on the supply pipes and regulate the flow of the coolant in the heating elements.A thermoelement set to a certain temperature will reduce the heat flow if the permissible air temperature in a private house is exceeded. The coolant flow can be completely blocked.

Advice. If there are several heating devices in the rooms, then you should not install thermostatic valves on all of them, it will not be economically feasible. The valve must be installed on the battery whose thermal power is half of necessary to heat the entire private house.

1. Automatic control.

Another way of energy-saving heating is to automatically control the boiler room using remote thermostats. The thermostat is mounted in a passage room (corridor) and regulates the heating of the coolant throughout the energy-saving heating system, controlling the heat generator directly. The simplest such device has a temperature-regulating handle. When the maximum allowable value is reached, the device gives a signal to the boiler to reduce heating. More advanced energy-saving technologies allow you to set the temperature inside a private house for a week in advance.

1. Weather regulation of heat carrier heating.

This is the most advanced solution. The outdoor sensor will control the boiler through the controller based on the outdoor temperature. Thus, inside a private house, the temperature will automatically rise during cold snaps. Thus, the gap in heating disappears when the house has already begun to cool down, and the energy-saving heating system is operating as before. The owner of a private house equipped with a weather control system can control it via the Internet or mobile communications.

Do not forget about the classic water heating. The above measures will help to optimize it and get good results in energy saving.

In any energy-saving design, the quality of its materials and equipment plays an important role. A heating system assembled from cheap and low-quality components will not be able to maintain a high level of efficiency and energy saving for long, because rather quickly its parts will begin to fail, which will lead to additional expenses.

5 Wood heating

Since ancient times, wood has been widely used for heating houses: it is a renewable resource available to the population. It is not necessary to use full-fledged trees, you can also heat the room with wood waste: brushwood, branches, shavings. For such fuel, there are wood-burning stoves - a prefabricated structure made of cast iron or welded from steel. True, such devices have negative characteristics that prevent their widespread use:

1. 1. The most environmentally friendly heaters. During the combustion of fuel, toxic substances are released in large quantities.
2. 2. Firewood is needed.
3. 3. Cleaning of burnt ash is required.
4. 4. The most flammable heaters. If you do not know the technique of cleaning chimneys, a fire may occur.
5. 5. The room in which the stove is installed is heated, while in other rooms the air remains cool for a long time.

3 Cutting costs with appliances

Effective heating is the one that creates comfortable heating with a minimum temperature of the coolant. For this, a water-heated floor can be used.Such heating is not suitable for use in cold climates, because it cannot compensate for heat loss. In addition, the floor covering should not heat up above +27 degrees. This problem is solved with the help of a radiator, which serves as an addition to the warm floor.

To improve energy efficiency, a collector-beam two-pipe radiator heating system. At this type of heating in each room, a heating branch with supply and return elements is built in. In this case, each room maintains its own temperature without affecting other rooms.

Savings on heating - affordable means

There are several other ways to save on heating in an apartment:

• Installation of a heat-reflecting screen, which is an aluminum foil and an additional layer of foamed heat insulator. Typically, these devices are sold in building materials stores. Reflecting heat from the walls and directing it deep into the room, the screen prevents heat loss. Devices are especially useful in insufficiently insulated houses;
• Heating through heating risers is quite effective. Many, when performing repair work, try to close them. As a result, the amount of heat supplied to the apartment decreases;
• Warming the floor will provide more comfortable living conditions in the apartment. This may be the usual replacement of cold tiles with laminate, parquet or warm carpet.

To figure out how to save on heating, a few simple tips will help:

1. Try to close the doors to cooler rooms. By keeping warm longer in warmer rooms, you can save on heating costs.
2. Shared leisure time spent together is also a great solution. If you spend evenings with your family, being in the same room, you can reduce the intensity of heating in empty rooms.
3. Decrease the power of radiators at night. The ideal temperature for sleeping is 18⁰. Cool air ensures a healthier sleep and a more comfortable rest. Closing windows at night with curtains or blinds will also reduce heat loss.
4. Save money while no one is home. In almost every family, the apartment is empty during the day - the children are at school or kindergarten, the parents are at work. Reducing the heating power for this period is ideal.
5. Control the humidity level. The optimal performance is from 40 to 60%. Too high humidity will require more heat to warm up, excessively dry air is harmful to the respiratory mucosa.
6. The warmth of neighboring apartments will also serve as an additional source of heating. Quite often it happens that the owners of apartments, which are surrounded on several sides by well-heated apartments, do not have to spend a lot of money on paying for heating. Their housing is heated by neighboring premises. Particularly effective is the heating of the "neighbors", whose apartments are equipped with a floor heating system.
7. Dress warmly - in the winter season it is not at all necessary to walk around the apartment in a T-shirt and shorts. In order to be comfortable, the temperature in the apartment should be at least 23-24⁰. Maintaining the temperature regime at a level of about 21-22⁰ is much more profitable. All you need is just warm clothes.
8. Check the cleanliness of radiators. At first glance, it seems that dust practically does not accumulate in them, and the one that can settle does not interfere with heating.However, such an opinion is erroneous. Being a good heat insulator, dust can reduce the efficiency of radiators. The intensity of air heating decreases, and it becomes not so comfortable to be in the room.

Save heating the apartment is quite real. In order not to overpay too much, it is recommended to follow a few simple rules, to know and be able to operate with the norms and provisions of the law.

Ways to cut costs

Competently minimizing the cost of electric heating is based on the following five main points:

Elimination of heat loss, which is carried out by insulating walls, windows, etc. The choice of equipment suitable for the characteristics of the premises and the power supply scheme

It is not necessary to allow overheating of the air in the room, for this it is important to correctly calculate the power. When overheated, unnecessary costs increase accordingly.

From the calculation, a temperature increase of 1 degree is proportional to about 6% of the cost excess. It is imperative to use automation devices such as temperature controllers and sensors working in conjunction with them. By the way, this is the most convenient and effective way to save on electric heating. The transition to modern metering elements operating on a multi-tariff mode makes it possible to significantly save on electric heating at night. It is with this type of counter that night heating of an apartment or house will be much cheaper.

Consider the most effective and common ways of heating apartments and houses, and at the same time their positive economic aspects.

Here are some ways to save on such equipment:

• Installation of modern electric boilers, the design of which does not contain powerful heating elements, but only electrodes and automatic adjustment of the heating mode.
• Wall insulation and replacement of windows with heat-retaining models.
• Equipping entrance doors with seals.
• Floor covering with felt or other special material with heat-insulating properties.

Fundamentals of savings in the operation of oil heaters:

• you do not need to place them very close to furniture and interior items, as well as next to dark fabric upholstery;
• due to the movement of warm air upwards, its efficiency increases; therefore, heaters should not be placed in niches; there should not be anything superfluous on top of the heating element with oil;
• models that have a fan in their arsenal increase the outflow of warm air;
• the right choice of power, it is believed that only 1.5 kW will be enough for a room of 15 square meters;
• the number of sections should not exceed 10–13 pcs.

For more tips on how to choose an oil heater, see our article: https://samelectrik.en/kak-pravilno-vybrat-maslyanyj-obogrevatel.html.

How to save money by using electric convectors:

• installing a foil heat reflector on the wall where the convector will be mounted;
• using only curtains and curtains that do not cover them;
• the right choice of the ratio of room area and power.

You can also learn more about choosing the right electric convector from our separate publication:

Ways to save money when operating fan heaters:

• the use of low-power devices, they are more efficient;
• no need to hang the device on the wall;
• do not block the flow of warm air with furniture or interior, and do not direct the device towards an open space.

Ways to reduce heating costs when operating infrared heaters:

• general insulation of the apartment and house, as well as the installation of sealed windows and doors;
• installation of high-precision and sensitive thermostats, possibly even with additional electronic programming functions;

For both of these systems, there are general savings rules:

• installation of a thermostat, which saves up to 20% of electricity;
• insulation and sealing of the room, which includes: installation of metal-plastic windows, foam boards on the walls, sealing rubber in the door to the balcony and to the entrance to the room.

That's all I wanted to talk about saving on electric heating. Finally, we recommend watching a useful video on the topic:

Having performed electric heating in accordance with all the rules and standards, as well as equipping it with modern thermal control elements, you will be able to bring heaters to very high rates of efficiency and economy. Then in your house it will always be warm, cozy and financially profitable. We hope our article helped you understand how to save on electric heating in a private house and apartment!

It will be useful to read:

• How to save on lighting
• Ways to save electricity
• Economical heating system of a private house

Reducing costs with appliances

The most efficient heating system is considered to be the one that allows to achieve comfortable heating. at minimum coolant temperature. To achieve this goal, it is best to use underfloor heating scheme.

This method is comfortable and hygienic, besides, the structures are completely hidden from the eyes, which allows you to combine underfloor heating with various types traditional coatings: tiles, linoleum, carpet, parquet

Unfortunately, in a harsh climate, underfloor heating is often not able to compensate for heat loss, especially if the house has large glazed spaces. This is due to the fact that the maximum allowable temperature of the flooring has a strict limit: it should not exceed +27°C.

The best option in this case is a combination of underfloor heating with modern radiators that can be connected from the bottom of the floor or wall, which allows you to exclude not very aesthetic pipe connections from the interior.

A huge range of radiators is on sale, which differ not only in the manufacturer and type of device, but also in color, shape, size. This allows you to find the optimal model to fit it into the interior.

Based on the principle of energy efficiency, it is better to dwell on the collector-beam two-pipe radiator heating scheme. In this case, a special heating branch (supply and return element) is installed in each room. Such a system allows you to maintain your own temperature in each room, minimally affecting neighboring rooms.

Efficient heating: PLEN and solar system

New methods of energy supply are inferior in many respects to geothermal systems or the PLEN system.

Solar systems are very promising and will soon be used in various public institutions, in private homes, in the city lighting system.In developed regions of the country, they are already actively abandoning central heating, because it brings more trouble and costs.

• The liquid in the collector is heated by the sun;
• The coolant enters the tank and gives off its heat;
• The liquid cools down and is sent back to the battery.

As for the PLEN system, it works by infrared radiation and converts electromagnetic energy into heat. Objects that fall under the PLEN waves heat up and give off heat. At the same time, air humidity does not change, although the PLEN system is most effective in rooms with good air exchange.

This method of heating is already used in childcare facilities, offices, industrial buildings and private homes.

How to save gas by more than 40-50%

Calculations of specialists show that at a constant ambient temperature, a condensing boiler is able to provide gas savings by almost 2 times, compared with a conventional single-circuit boiler and with a forced air supply system.

Given that all units are installed with a power margin of 30-50% to ensure heat supply at sub-zero outdoor temperatures. Reducing the power of traditional gas boilers by 1% leads to a drop in efficiency by 3.5%. This rule does not apply for condensing boilers types, in which, even at a power of 20% of the nominal, the efficiency will remain maximum, in connection with which gas savings of 40-55% are achieved.

Method 1: Warm up

A warm house is a building with a minimum number of spontaneous air outlets from at home. The easiest way is to insulate a house that is just being built - modern technologies make it possible to achieve great success in this area.But the old house will have to be specially insulated.

Most heat is lost through the roof, floor, doors and windows.

Putting good doors and windows is not a problem. However, you can minimize costs by a special layout of the house. Windows and doors should be located where there is the most sun and least wind. It is easy to estimate where the sun will shine - in the northern hemisphere it is a combination of south and west. As for the prevailing winds, you need to study the wind rose, according to which windows can be placed.

If you already live in a house where no one took into account geographical and climatic factors, then you can create additional barriers in the way of the winds from buildings such as verandas or trees, mostly coniferous. They will not only create comfort, but also significantly reduce heat loss from strong winds.

However, the use of green spaces as protective barriers is a creative matter, as they close the windows not only from the wind, but also from the sun.

Results

The surest way to save on heating is to reduce heat loss. Therefore, first of all, you need to do warming. Careful preservation heat can reduce the cost of heating several times. Then you should critically approach the equipment used. If your boiler is already 10 years old, think about replacing it: modern heating equipment uses heat carriers much more rationally, and all thanks to “smart” control. Well, another option is to consider using alternative heat sources. This is not only fashionable, but also promising: prices are rising, and alternative sources are mostly free.