Electric water heaters: classification of equipment according to various parameters + best manufacturers

Types of water heater control systems

According to the type of heating control system, water heaters are divided into:

• hydraulic system;
• electronic system.

The temperature control in the hydraulic system depends on the pressure of the water. Such systems are used in low-cost heating devices that are designed for a small amount of heated water. They have one or two power levels.

The principle of operation of such a system is as follows: a hydraulic unit with a membrane connected to a rod is installed inside the water heater. In turn, the rod is connected to the switch. When the tap opens, the membrane, moving through the stem, acts on the switch.

If the water pressure is significant, the membrane shifts even more and turns on the second power stage. After the tap shuts off the water flow, the effect on the switch stops and the water heater turns off

With a small flow of water, such a device may not turn on, so before buying, you need to pay attention to such a parameter as the minimum pressure threshold. Another design drawback of such a heating control system is the inability to constantly maintain the required water temperature and the lack of protection when air enters the device.

AT electronic temperature control system produced by a microprocessor control unit. The required parameters are displayed on the display. Pressure and temperature control is carried out by special sensors. To maintain the set water temperature, the electronic system automatically adjusts the power of the heating element and the water pressure. Electronic systems according to the type of control are divided into:

• systems that only regulate water temperature;
• systems that allow you to regulate both temperature and water pressure.

Water heaters with an electronic control system allow you to heat water at the same time for several points of water intake. Devices with such a system have only one significant drawback - if any node of this system malfunctions, the entire control unit will be subject to replacement. This circumstance, of course, will affect the cost of repairs, but this happens very rarely.

The best compact electric storage water heaters (up to 30 liters)

To understand which water heaters are the most reliable, reviews will help you understand the true attitude of the brand to the product. Also, employees of the company will become more understandable to communicate with customers.

Oasis VC-30L

• Price - from 5833 rubles.
• Volume - 30 l.
• The country of origin is China.
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 57x34x34 cm.

Oasis VC-30L water heater

pros	Minuses
The inside is coated with enamel, does not give in to corrosion	Can consume a lot of electricity
compact model	Not enough for two
Reliability

Ariston ABS SL 20

• Price - from 9949 rubles.
• Volume - 20 l.
• The country of origin is China.
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 58.8x35.3x35.3 cm.
• Weight - 9.5 kg.

Ariston ABS SL 20 water heater

pros	Minuses
Heats and holds up to 75 degrees	small capacity
Functionality
Rugged housing

Hyundai H-SWE4-15V-UI101

• Price - from 4953 rubles.
• Volume - 15 liters.
• The country of origin is China.
• White color.
• Dimensions - 38.5x52x39 cm.
• Weight - 10 kg.

Hyundai H-SWE4-15V-UI101 water heater

pros	Minuses
Robust design	Insufficient capacity for a family
Heats up water fairly quickly
Included in the TOP water heaters

Edison ES 30V

• Price - from 3495 rubles.
• Volume - 30 l.
• Country of origin - Russia.
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 36.5x50.2x37.8 cm.

Edisson ES 30 V water heater

pros	Minuses
Used bioglass porcelain	Not enough water for two or more people
Magnesium anode available
Heats up quickly

Polaris FDRS-30V

• Price - 10310 rubles.
• Volume - 30 l.
• The country of origin is China.
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 45x62.5x22.5 cm.

Polaris FDRS-30V water heater

pros	Minuses
rapid heating	Mechanical control method
Enough standard voltage 220
Long service life

Thermex Rzl 30

• Price - from 8444 rubles.
• Volume - 30 l.
• Country of origin - Russia.
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 76x27x28.5 cm

Thermex Rzl 30 water heater

pros	Minuses
Heats up water quickly	Mechanical control
The shape is cylindrical, but compact and convenient
Easy to adjust heating temperature

Thermex Mechanik MK 30V

• Price - from 7339 rubles.
• Volume - 30 l.
• Country of origin - Russia
• White color.
• Dimensions (WxHxD) - 43.4x57.1x26.5 cm.

Thermex Mechanik MK 30 V water heater

pros	Minuses
Original stylish design	Above average cost
Functionality
compactness

Flowing

A device of this type instantly heats the water that passes through the heater and enters the faucet already hot. At the same time, it does not mix with cold, so you need to carefully set the settings so that the device does not overheat the liquid.

The instantaneous water heater has a compact size, and therefore it can be easily placed even in a small area.

Advantages of pressure electric heaters:

1. Small sizes.
2. Heating occurs only when water is required. This results in energy savings.
3. Fast heating and unlimited liquid.

Minuses:

1. With large volumes of consumption, electricity bills will be impressive.
2. Not all homes can be used due to increased wiring requirements.
3. Often they cannot provide the desired temperature of the liquid. This problem is especially relevant in winter, when the temperature of the “incoming” water is low. The device heats it only by 20 - 25 ℃ from the initial value.

To avoid this problem, choose machines with an electronic control system that maintains the set mode, regardless of the initial temperature of the liquid.

Power and performance

The power of the device ranges from 3 to 27 kW, so there are special requirements for wiring. For low-power models, the existing power supply system with a voltage of 220 V is suitable. But high-power devices require a separate three-phase 380 V line.

When buying, special attention should be paid to performance: the larger the volume required, the more productive the device should be. For a kitchen sink, 2 - 4 l / min will be enough

If you plan to use the equipment as the main supplier of boiling water, then it is better to take a model with high performance.

Varieties

There are two types of aggregates:

1. Non-pressure - copes with heating for one draw-off point and therefore is most often located near it. This is, for example, a kitchen in a private house.
2. Pressure - it is built into the water supply and the liquid is supplied hot to all points: sink, shower, bathtub, sink.

There is a kind of flow heater, which is mounted directly on the tap. Such devices have low power and are suitable for small needs or for giving.

Controls and functions

Additionally, such electrical appliances are equipped with the following functions:

• overheating protection - the equipment automatically stops working when an overload occurs;
• shutdown without water - if there are interruptions in the supply of the resource, the device will prevent breakdown by completing the heating;
• splash-proof housing - makes it possible to place the unit in the bathroom or in the immediate vicinity of the sink;
• inlet filter - provides automatic cleaning of the supplied water.

Simple models have no adjustment at all and work in only one mode. Adjustment is carried out by changing the pressure on the mixer: the stronger the pressure, the cooler the water. There are devices with a mechanical rotary switch that allows you to set the desired mode.

Overview of storage electric water heaters for 100 liters

The rating of electric storage water heaters per 100 liters contains models that can fully provide several water intake points in a house or apartment and be operated all year round. They are mounted in the boiler room of a private house, in small businesses or in an apartment with a spacious bathroom.

The devices are equipped with heating elements with a power of 1.5 kW. Therefore, it takes more than 3 hours to wait for the complete heating of a volume of 100 liters. But such a supply is enough for 3-5 people to take a shower in turn.

	Ballu BWH/S 100 Smart WiFi	Hyundai H-SWS11-100V-UI708	Timberk SWH FSM3 100 VH
Power consumption, kW	2	1,5	2,5
Maximum water heating temperature, °C	+75	+75	+75
Inlet pressure, atm	6	7	7
Heating time up to 45 °C, min	72	79	64
Weight, kg	22,9	20,94	20
Dimensions (WxHxD), mm	557x1050x336	495x1190x270	516x1200x270

Advantages of storage water heaters

• A huge range of models, thanks to which it will be possible to choose the device that best suits your needs.
• Low electrical wiring requirements.
• Low power consumption.
• Water retains temperature for a long time.
• Higher water temperature.
• Low cost.

Disadvantages of storage boilers

• The most powerful and voluminous boilers occupy an impressive place, in some apartments it will not be possible to place the most voluminous water heater.
• Even though it looks nice, it is difficult to hide the pipes when installing outdoors.
• It takes a long time to heat up the water.

Conclusion. Even despite the shortcomings of the models, you can choose an electric water heater, even the most inexpensive one with proper operation and maintenance will last for many years. In most cases, all the bells and whistles are an advertising margin, since the warranty period is the same.

The best storage electric water heaters for horizontal installation

Not always in the bathroom or in the kitchen place for a bulky vertical water heater. In this case, the only way out is a horizontal installation.

Timberk SWH Re1 30 DG - fast water heating

4.9

★★★★★
editorial score

72%
buyers recommend this product

The French-made model has a small inner tank, covered with a double layer of titanium enamel with the addition of copper and silver ions - they provide antibacterial protection. There is also a powerful heating element here, which quickly heats the water and can operate in 4 modes. The temperature is controlled to the nearest degree.

Advantages:

• Fast water heating;
• magnesium anode;
• Comprehensive protection;
• Automated electronic control;
• Remote control.

Flaws:

No network cable included.

Timberk SWH Re1 is a great model for those who have little space in the bathroom. Such a boiler can be hung under the very ceiling and turned on using the remote control. The heating rate of the device is very high and will suit those who do not like to wait a long time for the shower to heat up.

Polaris Vega IMF 80H - quiet and fast

4.9

★★★★★
editorial score

72%
buyers recommend this product

The snow-white German water heater with a medium-sized tank made of high-quality stainless steel has a 7-year warranty. By the way, the heater is made of the same material here.

The magnesium anode protects the metal not so much from corrosion as from scale settling. A powerful core in the fast heating mode will easily bring the entire volume to the desired temperature, and the excellent thermal insulation of the tank will not let it cool down for a long time.

Advantages:

• Comprehensive protection;
• Electronic control;
• Digital display showing temperature;
• Silent operation.

Flaws:

The warranty covers the tank only.

This stylish and reliable water heater is suitable for a family of 3 people.

The best storage electric water heaters for 50 liters

Water heaters for 50 liters are most in demand among buyers. Suitable for families of two. It takes a little time to heat up the water. In the line of well-known brands there are many functional models at different prices. The rating includes three water heaters with the best performance.

Electrolux EWH 50 Quantum Pro

The device is from a well-known brand, which can be purchased at a reasonable price. Safe and convenient to use. Reliability is ensured by comprehensive corrosion protection.

Corrosion resistant enamel inner surface. It takes about 1.5 hours to heat the water.

Characteristics:

• power - 1.5 kW;
• water temperature - +75 ° С;
• inlet pressure - 0.8-7.5 atm.;
• internal coating - enamel;
• control - mechanical;
• water heating - 96 minutes;
• dimensions - 38.5 × 70.3 × 38.5 cm;
• weight - 18.07 kg.

Advantages:

• fast heating of water;
• economy mode;
• long maintenance of heat;
• moderate price;
• Beautiful design;
• simple installation.

Flaws:

• in eco-mode, water is heated up to +30 °С;
• inconvenient temperature control.

Electrolux EWH 50 Centurio IQ 2.0

With a powerful water heater from the trusted Electrolux brand, hot water cuts will no longer occur. bother.

This is a compact model that can be placed anywhere.

Great option for a small space. Economy mode will reduce energy consumption.

Characteristics:

• power - 2 kW;
• water temperature - +75 ° С;
• inlet pressure - 0.8-6 atm.;
• internal coating - enamel;
• control - electronic;
• water heating - 114 minutes;
• dimensions - 43.5x97x26 cm;
• weight - 15.5 kg.

Advantages:

• protective shutdown;
• remote control from a smartphone;
• timer;
• delay start;
• acceptable price;
• stainless steel body.

Flaws:

• unreliable valve;
• there is no flash drive to connect.

Zanussi ZWH/S 50 Orfeus DH

The unit can be installed vertically or horizontally. Thanks to the presence of two heating elements, heats water to maximum temperature.

Inside the boiler is covered with enamel.

The material is resistant to corrosion and does not crack with frequent contact with hot water.

Characteristics:

• power - 1.5 kW;
• water temperature - +75 ° С;
• inlet pressure - 0.8-6 atm.;
• internal coating - enamel;
• control - mechanical;
• dimensions - 39 × 72.1 × 43.3 cm;
• weight - 16.4 kg.

Advantages:

• Beautiful design;
• temperature control;
• overheat protection;
• adequate price;
• fast heating of water;
• Can be connected to multiple faucets.

Flaws:

• there are traces of the sticker;
• the ground bolt is turned off.

Ballu BWH/S 50 Smart WiFi

A modern and practical unit that provides fast water heating. Suitable for use in small apartments and offices.

Due to the convenient mechanical regulator, it is convenient to set the desired parameters.

There is a sound indication that notifies you when the water is heated to the maximum temperature.

Characteristics:

• power - 2 kW;
• water temperature - +75 ° С;
• inlet pressure - 0.8-6 atm.;
• internal coating - enamel;
• control - electronic;
• water heating - 114 minutes;
• dimensions - 43.4x93x25.3 cm;
• weight - 15.1 kg.

Advantages:

• the presence of a display;
• high power heating element;
• simple installation;
• smartphone control;
• economy mode;
• anti-corrosion coating.

Flaws:

• incomprehensible instruction;
• no delay start.

Gorenje

The company from Slovenia has become a real giant in the field of household appliances. Today, the brand's products are exported to 90 countries. In Europe and the CIS, the company's equipment enjoys well-deserved popularity, as it captivates with an attractive price-quality ratio. The company relies primarily on design, innovation and functionality. Among other things, Gorenje manufactures electric and gas water heaters.

Accumulative electric water heaters are presented in a wide range of volumes, from 5 to 200 liters.There are vertical and horizontal models, rectangular, barrel-shaped and compact, so there is an option for any home, even the most modest sizes. In terms of design, buyers are waiting for a decent variety: boilers are made in traditional white, as well as silver and black. There are devices with "dry" and "wet" heating elements, electronic and mechanical control. The tank inside is covered with stainless steel or protective enamel - both options show decent performance in terms of durability.

Flowing gas water heaters are not presented in such a wide range. The power of almost all columns is about 20 kW (excellent for a family of 3-4 people), there are units with flame power modulation, which makes use safer and more comfortable. Speakers can be installed in houses with a minimum water pressure of 0.2 bar. Basically nothing to complain about. With high quality, prices are reasonable, but some models weigh decently.

Thermex

The history of the company began in 1949 in Italy. Today it is an international corporation with production facilities around the world, incl. in Russia. The company specializes in the production of water heaters, so it boasts the widest range and mass of innovations. The manufacturer uses patented technologies, has a large scientific laboratory at its disposal, and the narrow specialization of production allows us to safely call the company one of the best manufacturers of water heaters.

The assortment of the corporation is wide. Electric boilers have a tank volume of 10 to 100 liters: the most compact models can be placed in the kitchen under or above the sink (they will make washing dishes comfortable), and larger models can heat water for the entire apartment.There are vertical and universal mounting units, with electronic and mechanical control, the shape can be cylindrical and rectangular, if slim versions. The design is simple. Also on sale are many instantaneous electric water heaters that are compact in size. The Thermex equipment is inexpensive, as it is assembled in Russia, boilers and columns are easy to install, but users complain about an insufficiently reliable anti-corrosion coating.

The main criteria for choosing an instantaneous water heater

Before, how to choose wisely a good instantaneous water heater, you need to carefully study what you should pay attention to when choosing it. The main selection parameters are: power, performance, dimensions of the device and coating of heating elements

Volume of the tank

All types of water heaters have a built-in tank. In storage type equipment, a tank is used to store and maintain the required heating temperature.

Flow type electric heaters are also equipped with a miniature tank, which is used not for storage, but for quickly heating the water flowing through it. The volume of such a reservoir is determined only by the number and size of the heating elements.

A tank is needed to quickly heat water

Power calculation

It is quite simple to independently calculate the required power of a flow-type electric water heater using a special formula and a table of water consumption.

Formula for calculating power

P=Q*(t1 -t2)*0.073 where:

• P is the desired power of the heating element, W;
• Q - water flow l / min;
• t1 is the outlet water temperature;
• t2 is the inlet water temperature;
• 0.073 - correction factor.

Purpose of consumption	Outlet water temperature	Approximate water consumption
hand washing	35-38 °С	2-4 l
Taking a shower	37-40 °С	4-8 l
washing dishes	45-55 °С	3-5 l
Wet cleaning	45-55 °С	4-6 l
Taking a bath	37-40 °С	8-10 l

Example. One kitchen sink will require an electric water heater with the power of the heating elements: 3 l * (45 ° C -10 ° C) * 0.075 \u003d 7.88 kW.

Performance calculation

You can determine the optimal performance of an instantaneous electric water heater using the formula: V = 14.3 • W / (t2 - t1), where:

• V is the volume of heated water l/min;
• W is the power of the heating elements kW;
• t2 - outlet water temperature °С;
• t1 is the inlet water temperature °C.

Example. We use the power value we obtained, as well as the initial temperature data. One kitchen sink will require an electric water heater with a capacity of:

14.3*7.88/(45-10)=3.22 l/min.

The calculation made fully confirms the data given in the table.

Internal coating heating elementov and body material

TEN is the most important element of any instantaneous electric water heater

In order for a household appliance to serve its owner for many years, you need to pay attention to models with a corrosion-protected heating element. Choose devices whose heating elements are covered with anodized or copper shell

The best, but far from a budget option would be models equipped with tubular ceramic heating elements.

The body of the heater is exposed to high temperatures and water, so the materials from which it is made should also pay close attention:

1. The enamelled case is considered the best option, since such material perfectly tolerates temperature extremes and exposure to aggressive substances;
2. The body anodized with copper looks impressive and quite expensive. Copper tolerates sudden changes in temperature, but has low abrasion resistance.

For information! The most budget option would be to choose a plastic case. The plastic is durable and easy to care for. The disadvantage of polymeric materials is low resistance to mechanical stress.

Dimensions

When choosing a flow-type water heater, you should pay attention to the dimensions of the model. In principle, such devices are quite compact and can be easily mounted on the wall or under the sink.

Non-pressure models, as a rule, are more compact due to the lower power (read dimensions) of the heating elements and the size of the internal tank.

Such devices are equipped with a shower head or a “gander” of water intake, which also occupy a certain place in space.

How to choose a flow heater

For an apartment, of course, it is the flowing electric water heater that is more suitable.

What are the advantages of this type of device?

Advantages of instantaneous water heater:

• it provides a jet of hot water from a single faucet;
• not demanding for installation;
• waiting time is reduced to a few seconds;
• suitable for occasional use that does not require significant water consumption, such as seasonal water cuts;
• saves electricity;
• disinfects water;
• saves space in the apartment;
• reliable enough;
• low operating costs;
• self-installation is possible.

Disadvantages of instantaneous electric water heater:

• the amount of water, of course, is not limited, but there are locations where it is quite expensive or completely disconnected at certain times of the day. In such places it is better to have a storage water heater;
• Considering that a sink needs a flow of 2 to 4 l/min, a shower needs 4 to 8 l/min, and a bathtub needs 8 to 10 l/min, a 6.5 kW water heater is clearly not enough to use a shower . So that the water at the outlet of the shower head is not cold, it is necessary not to open it “to the full” and not turn on the second tap at the same time;
• to heat water at more than one point, it is necessary to significantly increase the power of the water heater or increase their number. In any case, additional costs await you, for example, replacement of the meter, cables, etc. And, of course, the energy consumption will also increase;
• flow heaters are not well adapted to the needs of large families or children's institutions;
• temperature instability (except for models with electronic control).

Power

Note that the power of the water heater is adapted to a specific usage model.

• For example, single-phase models with a power of 3.7 kW are ideal for hand washing;
• Models with a power of 4.5 kW - for installation on a faucet in the sink in the bathroom;
• Models with a power of 5.5 kW - for installation in a kitchen sink and washing dishes;
• Models with a power of 7.3 kW - for a combination of shower and washbasin.
• Three-phase models with a power of 7.5 kW are also suitable for the shower and sink;
• Models with a power of 9 kW - for a combination of bath and shower;
• Models with a power of 11 kW - for a combination of a bathtub and a sink.