Disinfection of water in a well: features of the disinfection procedure

11 Seam repair

A decrease in the quality of water, its turbidity occurs if there are no sealed seams in the well.Through them, soil particles penetrate into the mine. Especially problems of this nature are clearly manifested when heavy and prolonged rains occur, the water level in the soil rises sharply, or snow melts.

In case of violation of the tightness of the seams, the old putty, which crumbles, must be removed. The resulting cracks are covered with cement mortars or liquid glass, which can harden immediately after use. If necessary, steel brackets are mounted on the rings of the well. They will not allow the reinforced concrete structures to move.

Mine disinfection

Upon completion of the preparatory work, we begin the disinfection of the well shaft. Disinfection of the mine consists in the treatment of its walls and superstructure (including the roof) with a solution of bleach.

First of all, we set the volume of the well. This will allow you to determine the consumption of the disinfectant. For a liter of water, you need 20 milligrams of dry bleach. It is generally accepted that 700 liters of liquid are placed in a meter-diameter well ring with a height of 90 centimeters. Thus, to calculate the volume of the well, you need to know its depth and diameter.

The solution is applied with a spray gun. We prepare the solution in a clean container, where we mix chlorine with water. When the mixture settles, pour its upper part into another bowl. It is this top layer that will be used for disinfection. For a cubic meter of well volume, 500 grams of solution will be needed. If the surface is heavily contaminated, it is allowed to process it multiple times (2-3 times) with breaks of about 2 hours.

How to determine the quality of well water

The ideal option is to transfer the water to a laboratory analysis, which will reveal its transparency, infection with bacteria, the presence of salts, metals and other troubles. But the easiest way to determine whether water is suitable for drinking and domestic use is to pour it into a transparent container and after a couple of hours see what happened to it. If the transparency has not become higher, if a thick layer of sediment has formed on the bottom of the dishes, if the water itself exudes unpleasant odors, then you should not use it.

Of course, it is necessary to inspect the well for its integrity. Usually cloudy water appears only if soil gets into it. Therefore, it is necessary to call repairmen who will seal the seams between the elements of the well shaft and replace the bottom filter, which consists of crushed stone.

Turbid and clear water

If the water from the well is brown or yellow, then this is a sign that there are a lot of iron salts in it. And here, no methods other than filtering will help.

That is, it turns out that building a well is a difficult task, requiring certain financial investments, but it is one-time. It is more difficult to organize water purification. And these same financial investments are only constant, because filtration requires constant monitoring of the cleaning efficiency. And this is achieved only by replacing the filter elements.

But experts assure that the purity of water from a well largely depends on the technical condition of the hydraulic structure itself. Therefore, it must be repaired at least once every five years, because colonies of bacteria, which are mucus, form on the walls, the sealing of the joints between the elements of the shaft decreases, and the bottom filter decreases in thickness.Therefore, water is pumped out of the well, the mucus is scraped off mechanically, after which the walls of the shaft are treated with disinfectants, joints are repaired, the bottom filter is changed or supplemented.

Well cleaning and repair

When cleaning is required

Not always a person may have a filter or other cleaning system. In this case, tablets for the disinfection of drinking water will come to the rescue. There are a number of situations where these funds are needed.

Leisure

On vacation or during a road trip, bottled water is not always available, and it is impossible to check the quality of available sources. In such a situation, it is recommended to use special tablets that will quickly disinfect the water and make it drinkable. This method is very convenient when climbing peaks or traveling with tents, where there are no spring sources.

Using a country well

The water in the wells is groundwater. Its quality largely depends on the elements that are dissolved in the soil. The composition may change every year. For this reason, experts recommend analyzing the contents of wells for suitability for use at least once every 2-3 years. In the same period, it is necessary to carry out its disinfection.

Entry into the source of dangerous objects

Most often this is due to a fallen dead bird or small animal. This situation requires immediate cleaning and disinfection of the drinking source.

Military training

Tablets that disinfect water have shown high efficiency during military exercises. They allow the military to take liquid for drinking and cooking from almost any source.

Read with it

Physical methods of disinfection

These methods include cleaning with ultrasound and ultraviolet light. These methods are efficient and environmentally friendly. The main disadvantage is the need to purchase expensive devices. It is rational to use such equipment if the well is connected to an autonomous water supply system and is used year-round.

The cleaning device is equipped with an automatic system that regulates the water supply through a special unit. This emits ultraviolet radiation, which is harmful to bacteria. At the same time, the smell and color do not change. However, such a device is not used in the absence of a cover at the well. Almost similarly, the equipment that affects the mold with ultrasonic waves operates.

Normative documents of water and sanitary legislation

Norms, rules and other quality requirements are specified in regulatory documents. It:

Group	Subgroup	Document	Number
For drinking water	For drinking water supply systems, wells, other sources	SanPiN (sanitary and epidemiological rules and norms)	2.1.4.1074-01
GOST (interstate standards)	2874-82
RD (guiding document)	24.032.01-91
SNiP (building norms and rules)	2.04.01-85* (reissue)
2.04.02-84*
For non-alcoholic and vodka products	Technological instructions (TI)	10-5031536-73-10 6-TI-10-04-03-09-88
For packaged in containers	SanPiN	2.1.4.1116-02
GOST	R 52109-2003
For distilled water	—	GOST	6709-72
Requirements for water bodies, household and drinking water supply	—	the federal law	Articles 18 and 19 of the Federal Law-52 dated 30.03.99

Also, requirements have been developed for the safety of equipment and reagents involved in the supply, cleaning, and disinfection. The rules are described in SanPiN 2.1.4.2652-10.

Water is disinfected to prevent epidemics of intestinal infections.Disinfection methods and doses differ for drinking and household sources.

What method of water disinfection do you use? What are its advantages? Comment on the article and repost on social networks. All the best.

Iodine solution

If it is not possible to completely empty the tank, you should use this method of disinfection. To cleanse 1 ring, you need to take a solution of 15 drops of iodine and 5 liters of water. The prepared solution is poured into the well and waiting for the result. Such a ready-made solution cannot permanently clean the tank, but it can be used to delay complete disinfection. Such an event improves the quality of the liquid for some time.

If the well was cleaned using chlorine-containing products, it cannot be used for a day after the events. And after that, for another 5-10 days, the water needs to be boiled or cleaned with a filter. Before drinking water, you need to smell it.

If it smells of chlorine, the cleaning was successful and the reservoir needs to be completely bled.

If the state of his health is important to a person, you should not be stingy and donate the liquid to the laboratory. The cost for chemical analysis is not as high as many people think. If the experts say that there are no impurities in the water, then it can be used.

If experts say that there are no impurities in the water, then it can be used.

What may be required

For preliminary work, the following tools and means may be required:

• Iron brush.
• Spatulas of various shapes.
• Bottom filling. As far as possible, it is necessary to remove the old bottom filling from the bottom and place a new one.
• Crushed stone of small fraction.
• Gravel.
• Sand.

Particular attention should be paid to the fact that it is absolutely impossible to use expanded clay as a bottom backfill due to the high level of its toxicity when in water. It is impossible to say in advance which remedy will help remove plaque from the walls of the well, because here the choice of remedy depends on the nature of the plaque. What can it be:

What can it be:

It is impossible to say in advance which remedy will help remove plaque from the walls of the well, because here the choice of remedy depends on the nature of the plaque. What can it be:

• Salt plaque requires the use of products with an acidic component. This may be a solution with a weak concentration of hydrochloric or acetic acid.
• Rust is removed without the use of chemicals using a grinder and a jackhammer. After cleaning, the surface of the well wall is treated with an anti-corrosion solution.
• To combat mold in wells, there is an old proven remedy - copper sulfate. Treating the walls with this substance will protect them for a long time from the reappearance of mold.

Features of pollution by types of wells

There are such regularities:

• quality depends on the parameters of aquifers and terrain
• the shallower the depth (ordinary well, well "on the sand"), the higher the probability of exceeding the level of nitrates, pesticides, hydrogen sulfide compounds, iron, organic matter. Groundwater with these substances often enters such systems. Each increase in their level, precipitation causes pollution
• for deep (artesian) wells, the chances of getting usable water are higher.But depth does not guarantee purity: hydrogen sulfide appears in tightly sealed layers, salts penetrate inside, and it is necessary to rid the water of hardness. If the shaft passes through the layers with ores, then there is a risk of their getting inside

It should be noted that most wells are not made deep - up to 25 - 45 m, since artesian drilling is more laborious and a permit must be issued for it.

When to Disinfect

It is worth regularly disinfecting the well. The liquid in it, unlike the well, stagnates, which leads to rapid pollution. But there are also reasons why additional disinfection is recommended:

• fixing after floods;
• sewage ingress;
• pollution from industrial chemicals;
• in case of debris;
• too frequent use, due to which the bottom soil may sink;
• with the formation of deposits from mucus, dirt, mold.

The main signs of pollution include:

1. Hazy content. Often there are impurities: sand, organic residues.
2. The appearance of an unpleasant odor, which indicates the appearance and reproduction of bacteria.
3. Change in taste. There is a putrefactive taste, gives mud.
4. Changing the color of the liquid, it "blooms", turns green. It is enough to pass the liquid through a clean gauze - impurities may remain on the fabric.

Disinfection is required when the water in the well changes color and acquires an unpleasant odor.

Such a liquid is conducive to the appearance and rapid reproduction of bacteria. Their presence in water makes it dangerous, and its use as drinking water often leads to poisoning.

Before cleaning, it is recommended to analyze well water in order to accurately determine the cause of contamination.You cannot get accurate results on your own, so you should contact specialized centers.

Rules for the use of disinfectants for drinking

Such drugs should be used according to the following scheme:

1. Before use, be sure to filter the water taken. For filtering, use gauze with sand. Through them, slowly filter the liquid.
2. Place a disinfectant tablet in a container with water. Wait the necessary time. From 20 minutes to an hour.
3. Get rid of sediment by passing disinfected water through gauze.
4. Be sure to boil the purified liquid.
5. After drinking processed water, take probiotics to prevent possible intestinal upset.

Carefully! Do not disinfect water with expired products. It can lead to intoxication

Fluids should only be used when absolutely necessary.

Safe chlorination

Most often, disinfection is carried out using chlorine. You can purchase the main component at a hardware store. You should take a 1% solution of bleach. About 10 g of product will be required per liter of water.

Determining the rate of chlorine use:

1. First you need to take three containers and pour 200 ml of water from the well into them.
2. Each container will need to add a different amount of chlorine. Two drops are enough for the first, four for the second, and six for the third.
3. Then everything needs to be mixed. The container must be tightly covered and wait half an hour. But in winter, you need to set aside 2 hours for waiting.
4. Further, each sample must be checked for the presence of a chlorinated odor. It should be minor.

Chlorination of the well should be carried out correctly

In the presence of a strong smell with two drops of bleach, a different calculation is made. So, for 1 liter of water, 10 drops of bleach are required. On a cubic meter, 10,000 drops are needed. A milliliter of bleach solution contains 25 drops. Dividing 10,000 by 25 gives 4,000 ml. This is the amount needed to disinfect 1 cubic meter of well water.

It is necessary to pour the required amount into the source and mix everything with a long pole. You can also mix with a bucket, taking out and immediately pouring out the liquid. You can also take a pump.

The entrance to the well for 24 hours should be covered with a film or thick cloth. The main thing is that it is cool in the mine so that the chlorine cannot evaporate. If after a specified period there is no smell of bleach, then the procedure should be repeated again. But the dosage is taken much less, and you have to wait only 4 hours.

After this, the walls of the well must be washed. After the procedure, it is necessary to pump out until the smell of bleach disappears completely. A week after chlorination, water should be boiled. It is better to conduct its laboratory analysis.

Well water disinfection

If you doubt the quality of the water consumed or for prevention, the water in the well is disinfected. There are several reasons why well water needs to be disinfected. It is used if:

• the well was flooded as a result of the flood;
• sewage got into the mine;
• disinfection is necessary if the water is contaminated with industrial or agricultural chemicals;
• carcasses of animals or birds got inside.

In these situations, the quality of the water is reduced and it becomes unsuitable for drinking and cooking.Despite the fact that it is impossible to do without water, and it is not always possible to make a new well. Therefore, it is easier and cheaper to clean the well with your own hands. There are several ways to disinfect a well, which we will consider in the article.

Measures to prevent pollution of sources

In order to carry out disinfection measures as rarely as possible, but at the same time use high-quality water, it is necessary to observe a number of measures aimed at preventing contamination of the well.

Such measures include the following:

• you can not leave the well open;
• keep a distance from the well to the sewerage and drainage system of at least 20 meters;
• securely seal the walls of the well, preventing the penetration of groundwater;
• use submersible pumps with remote injectors, this significantly reduces the number of leaks;
• comply with sanitary standards, do not drain waste into the well.

By following these simple steps, clogging and silting of the well, which are the most likely causes of water quality deterioration, will be avoided.

Timely preventive disinfection will allow you to keep the well in the required sanitary condition, will make it possible to safely use water from it for various household needs.

Well condition assessment

Liquid quality parameters

If you plan to use an already equipped source, then first of all we need to find out if it is possible to drink water from a well. The easiest way is to interview neighbors: if groundwater is used in adjacent areas, and no one has been poisoned yet, then there is a fundamental possibility .

Now we need to do some preliminary analysis.

If you don’t know where to check the quality of water from a well, or don’t want to spend money, then you can get by with “folk remedies”:

For comparison, you need to stock up on clean water.

• The easiest way is to control with tea. We select water from the well without filtration and settling and brew strong black tea. We prepare the control portion on bottled water with low salinity or on imported filtered water. If the difference is very noticeable, cleaning will be required.
• Also, checking the quality of water from a well involves settling in a dark place. Pour water into a closed container and place, for example, in the pantry. After 48 hours, a low-quality liquid will have a sediment or an oily film on the surface of the water.
• We carry out an express test for mineralization using a mirror. We put a few drops on the glass and wait for it to dry. The presence of white, and even worse - dirty brown stains is a very alarming signal.
• Examining water from a well with potassium permanganate will help determine the amount of organic matter. If the pink solution of potassium permanganate quickly turns yellow, then you should not use the liquid without preliminary cleaning.

Bacteriological studies can only be carried out by SES

And yet, if you don’t know how to check the quality of water in a well, it’s better to contact professional services, for example, SES. The cost of such control, of course, will be quite high, but you will get the most relevant picture.

Work plan

So, preliminary or laboratory control was carried out, and the water was recognized as fundamentally suitable for drinking after disinfection.What will we need to do?

The water treatment work plan includes the following steps:

Performance of repair work, excluding the ingress of sediments, soil particles, foreign objects, etc. into the aquifer. At the same time, we perform waterproofing of the casing string from the inside and outside, build a blind area, ensure the tightness of the cover, etc.

A mandatory step is mechanical cleaning (pictured)

• Removal of silt from the bottom (by drainage and/or mechanical means).
• Extraction, cleaning and laying of the bottom gravel filter.
• Disinfection of walls and used equipment.
• A set of measures for direct disinfection of water.

With a certain skill, this plan may well be implemented with your own hands. This will allow us to significantly reduce costs, since when contacting a company specializing in cleaning, you will have to pay a considerable amount.

4 Preparation for processing

Before disinfection measures, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. Proper preparation affects the level of quality and speed of disinfection.

First, the aquatic environment is pumped out. To do this, you can use a surface pump if there is little water in the source. In another case, it is necessary to use a powerful submersible pump unit. Before using the equipment, it is necessary to remove debris from the surface of the water from the well using a net.

As soon as the water is pumped out, it is necessary to go down to the source and check for cracks, deposits and leaks at the bottom of the well. If cracks are found, a special waterproofing solution is used. At the same time, debris is removed, including silt deposits and algae.

Cleaning the bottom and sealing the slots of the mine

And if the tightness of the walls was broken, then disinfection is performed after the repair of the structures. Upon completion of disinfection, the aquatic environment is checked for the presence of chemicals. This process should be repeated 2 to 3 times. If the norm of the content of chemicals is exceeded, then a second pumping is carried out. Then they take a sample of water, which is sent for analysis to the laboratory of the sanitary and epidemiological station.

Well water treatment systems

Several methods are known:

• Reverse osmosis.
• using ion exchange.
• sorption filtration.

Using ion exchange

A special capsule is used, where synthetic resins are located. It is immersed in a PVC or metal case. This capsule is able to perform water purification from magnesium, calcium and ferrous ions.

Reverse osmosis

The use of reverse osmosis is very popular. Water is passed through a special osmotic membrane. The membrane has small pores where some gases pass through, as well as H2O molecules. Waste is collected from the back, forming a mass that drains. This filter for cleaning a home well allows you to get excellent quality water.

For its implementation, a special installation is bought (located in the house), which is connected to the plumbing system.

Advantages:

• Perfectly clear water.
• Filters at the molecular level.

Minuses:

• Mandatory presence of a pump in the system.
• In addition, it is necessary to make mineralizing installations, since the water is completely free of salts.
• Expensive system.

Sorption filtration

This well filter is designed to purify drinking water from heavy metals, chlorine and all kinds of microorganisms.As a rule, it is a cartridge containing a sorbent, in most cases it is activated carbon. For use, the capacity "Barrier", "Aquaphor", "Geyser" and the like is bought. A special jug is filled with water and after a few minutes you can drink purified water.

Advantages:

• Plumbing is not required. Water can be lifted with a bucket from the well and simply passed through the filter.
• Ease of use.
• There is no need to carry out installation work.

Flaws:

• If you do not change the cartridges in time, the quality of the liquid remains at the same level.
• The cost of consumables.

How else can you purify water?

There are several other cleaning methods. These include dosing cartridges, disinfection of the well with potassium permanganate, whiteness, as well as special preparations.

To disinfect water, you can use special cartridges that contain calcium hypochlorite and chlorine. There are such cartridges with different dosages. Such a cartridge must be lowered into the water for a month. Before using this method, you must first seek advice from health workers.

It is also desirable to use any chlorine-containing substances in the form of a liquid or powder to disinfect the well.

There are special preparations designed for this purpose. The dose of substances which is determined accurately. These preparations are basic in the manufacture of solutions for disinfection. To prepare the solution, we will need plastic or enameled dishes with a volume of at least 10 liters. The temperature at which we prepare the solution should be within room temperature. We disinfect in several stages.

First you need to pump out water from the well and process the walls of the mine (the processing procedure is the same as in the case of chlorine). Depending on the preparation, tablets for water disinfection are used in different quantities. Tablets must be dissolved in water, and then poured into the well. Then stir the water well and wait a few hours. After that, we pump out the water until the characteristic smell of chlorine appears.

The cleaning method with potassium permanganate is gentle. To cook, we will need to add a teaspoon of potassium permanganate to 10 liters of water and mix. Pour the solution into the mine and pump out the water several times. Then you need to lower the grid with potassium permanganate into the well. Here she will be permanently.

If it is not possible to use other methods, disinfection in a well with whiteness should be suitable. You need enough whiteness to use 1 liter of the substance on the well ring. In the process of preparation, add 0.5 liters of whiteness per 10 liters.

Which is better to use

Sometimes such cleaning is not enough and the owners are faced with the question: how to disinfect the well. If it contains organic contaminants, then one viable option is to use compounds with chlorine.

The use of a solution with whiteness

Whiteness is a good option for disinfecting a well

Most often, disinfection of the well with whiteness is used to sanitize the source.

To do this, you need to determine the volume of the well. It is recommended to treat the surface with a sprayer.

After that, water is poured in and a solution is additionally added to it: about 150 g of bleach or whiteness should be taken per cube. The incoming water must be settled for six hours.To prevent chlorine from escaping, the well is tightly closed with a lid.

After that, water will need to be pumped out of the well until the smell disappears, and for five days only boiled water should be used for food.

It should be remembered that chlorine is a toxic substance. Therefore, it is recommended to wear a respirator and goggles during processing.

Read more about the disinfection process with whiteness here.

Signs of the need for disinfection

There are the following signs that are evidence of the need to clean the well:

1. turbidity of water;
2. clay deposition;
3. bottom lifting;
4. stagnation;
5. the presence of debris or leaves;
6. specific smell.

The use of potassium permanganate

Disinfection of a well with potassium permanganate is one of the most popular methods. It is necessary to prepare a solution of potassium permanganate.

Infusion of potassium permanganate solution into the well is shown

You will need a bucket of water and one teaspoon of potassium permanganate. The mixed solution is poured into the well. After such a procedure, the water from the well must be pumped out several times, and then a nylon mesh with a crumb of silicon is lowered to the bottom. It must remain at the bottom of the well at all times.

We also wrote about the disinfection process using potassium permanganate - read here.

Each of the methods and means for disinfecting a well has certain disadvantages. But, without this, you can not use water for drinking. How to disinfect the water in the well, you can consult with experts.

Experts do not recommend delaying the cleaning of the well. Disinfection can also be carried out with the help of special preparations.

In each case, it is necessary to conduct samples and do a chemical analysis of water.This is the only way to be sure that the water can be used for drinking and disinfection has given a result.

Well disinfection with potassium permanganate

Can be done in two ways:

1. Spraying the solution onto the walls using a spray gun or other device.
2. By pouring potassium permanganate directly into a water-filled shaft.

Both methods involve keeping the well closed until it is full, then draining. Pumping must be carried out several times. The main thing is that the water in the well becomes completely clean.

In order for disinfection to be carried out as efficiently as possible, a nylon bag filled with flint chips is lowered to the bottom of the well. It is left inside even after disinfection has been performed.

In what cases is daily disinfection of the well necessary?

In those situations, if there is a possibility of spreading infections in the area where you live, it is recommended to carry out daily treatment of the water source

Such precautions are carried out as long as there is a risk of infection.

For such disinfection of water, chlorine is used, but its concentration in water is lower than with complete disinfection. In this case, the drug is diluted with the calculation of 5 grams of chlorine per liter of water. But it is more correct to calculate the proportions in which the solution is mixed, as follows. You need to pour water from the well into three glasses of water, and take a one percent solution of bleach. Then take a medical pipette and use it to pour bleach into each of the glasses. Two drops in the first container, four drops in the second container, and six drops in the third container.

The liquid in the glasses is mixed and covered with a lid.If this experiment is carried out in the summer, then the containers under the lid are left alone for 30 minutes. But if such manipulations are performed in winter, then the waiting time increases to two hours. After the time has elapsed, the liquid containers are taken out and checked. The water in each glass needs to be smelled, and it is necessary to start with the glass in which the content of bleach is to a lesser extent.

If there is a repulsive smell in all the glasses, then the concentration of bleach should be reduced, and the experiment should be repeated. The same applies if no glass is fragrant. In this case, the experiment is repeated, and the amount of disinfectant is increased.

Preventive measures

To avoid contamination, it is recommended to use the following tips:

the well is closed with a lid or cloth - this will protect against the ingress of small debris, dust;
it is recommended to check the bottom of the product on a regular basis to avoid small animals getting inside;
it is worth maintaining the required distance between the well, sewer and waste systems of about 15-20 m;
every year they check the structure, paying attention to the walls and sealing them, if necessary, to prevent groundwater from entering inside;
You can not dump waste, garbage into the well.

If the well is used on a regular basis, it is a must to equip a filtration system to avoid contaminating the contents.

How can you disinfect water yourself

In addition to chlorination and the use of potassium permanganate, there are other ways to clean the well. These can be dosing cartridges, whiteness or special preparations. Cartridges contain calcium hypochlorite and chlorine. The dosage may vary. The cartridge is lowered into the well for a month.This method can be used only with the permission of the sanitary service.

To disinfect the well, you can purchase special substances. They have the exact dosage. Such preparations form the basis for the preparation of disinfectants. To prepare the solution, take a plastic or enameled container with a volume of 10 liters or more. Work should be done at room temperature. The disinfection itself includes several successive stages.

First, water is pumped out and the walls of the mine are cleaned. The amount of the drug depends on its type. The tablets dissolve in water, and only then the solution is poured into the well. Wait a few hours after stirring. Further pumping is carried out until a pronounced smell of chlorine appears.

You can clean the well yourself with the help of specialized tools

More gentle methods include the use of potassium permanganate. The method of application is similar to the other methods, only a different dosage. Then a grid with potassium permanganate is lowered to the bottom for the whole time. White is often used for disinfection. For one ring take 1 liter of the substance. For 10 liters of whiteness, 0.5 liters of gasoline will be required.

The most effective disinfection is with bleach. The main thing is to keep the proportions. You can purchase specialized tools. The people widely use potassium permanganate and whiteness. Each technique has its own characteristics, but the preliminary cleaning is the same.

Preventive measures

To avoid contamination, it is recommended to use the following tips:

the well is closed with a lid or cloth - this will protect against the ingress of small debris, dust;
it is recommended to check the bottom of the product on a regular basis to avoid small animals getting inside;
it is worth maintaining the required distance between the well, sewer and waste systems of about 15-20 m;
every year they check the structure, paying attention to the walls and sealing them, if necessary, to prevent groundwater from entering inside;
You can not dump waste, garbage into the well.

If the well is used on a regular basis, it is a must to equip a filtration system to avoid contaminating the contents.

Training

Disinfect water at first in almost the same way. First you need to completely pump it out of the well shaft. If the water level is high, the well is characterized by a high debit, in this case you will need a very powerful pump.

Then you need to mount the protective frame and make sure that it maintains its integrity. To do this, it is required to repair all existing cracks and defects in the joints of the rings. After that, we hide the entire well shaft with inert waterproofing. This method of isolation is not suitable for everyone, given its high cost, especially if the mine is deep. Therefore, waterproofing is very often not used.

Before the disinfection procedure itself, it is imperative to thoroughly clean the shaft and the bottom of the well from debris

After that, it will be necessary to remove plaque and dirt from the concrete rings. This is required to do the same at the bottom. But removing the dirt is not enough, you need to remove all the bottom powder, in which particles of the pollutant and poor-quality water remain. The powder must be scooped out with a bucket. After the topping has been scooped out, you need to make a new one. It is not recommended to use sand and gravel. It is better to sprinkle with shungite, if funds allow. This mineral has a disinfecting ability.

1.1.1. Preliminary disinfection of the well.

Before disinfection of the well by the calculated
method to determine the volume of water in it
(m3) by multiplying the cross-sectional area
well (m2) to the height of the water
pillar (m).

1.1.1.2. Knowing the volume of water in the well, carry out
disinfection of the lower (water) part of it
by adding chlorine-containing preparations
at the rate of 100-150 mg of active chlorine per
1 liter of water in a well (100-150 g/m3).

1.1.1.3. Calculation of the amount of bleach
or DTS GK required to create
in the well water of a given dose active
chlorine 100-150 mg (d) per 1 liter (m3), spend
according to the formula

P=EUX100:N,

where R- amount of bleach
or DTS GK, g;

E -volume of water in the well, m3;

328

C is the given concentration of the active
chlorine in well water, g/m3;

100 —constant coefficient;

N -content of active chlorine in
disinfectant, %.1.1.2. Well cleaning.

1.1.2.1. The well is completely freed from
water, cleanse from those who have fallen into it
foreign objects and accumulated
silt. The walls of the log house are cleaned mechanically
from pollution and fouling.

1.1.2.2. Dirt and silt selected from the well
immersed in a pit at a distance of at least
20 m from the well to a depth of 0.5 m. Contents
pits are filled with 10% bleach solution
or 5% solution of DTS GK and instilled.

1.1.2.3. The walls of the cleaned well
repair as necessary, and then
the outer and inner parts of the frame
irrigate from a hydropanel with a 5% solution
bleach or 3% solution of DTS GK
at the rate of 0.5 l per 1 m2 of log house.