Which is better - a well or a well

Water supply of a private house from a well system diagram for a private house

In order to draw up a scheme for supplying drinking or technical water to your country house, you must first decide on the schedule for its operation. If the building is supposed to be used seasonally, then arranging a water supply system from a well would be the best option to meet household needs. For permanent residence, taking into account the volume of daily water consumption, it is recommended from a well.

What factors to consider when developing a scheme for arranging a well for water

The choice of a water consumption plan begins with geological surveys of the site and determination of the type of water intake source. Wells and wells in their structure and method of construction may differ slightly from each other. The degree of their difference depends on the boundary of the aquifer.

According to the nature of the location and hydraulic features, resources are divided into several types:

Wells and wells differ in structure.

• top water;
• ground;
• interlayer (filter);
• artesian (pressure).

Verkhovodka, as well as layers with groundwater, are located close to the surface and are not reliable, since their reserves depend on the volume of precipitation.

Filter and artesian springs are located at great depths, have a powerful aquifer independent of weather conditions, have a constant temperature and are protected from pollution.

Taking into account the characteristics of workings, we carry out test drilling at the site. After that, we determine the location of the water intake point, the depth of development and the method of supplying the resource. Based on the data obtained, we select equipment, the type and completeness of which depends on the following factors:

1. How is it planned to take the resource (with a deep-well pump or a pumping station with automation and a hydraulic accumulator will be used).
2. The length of the route from the source to the place where water enters the building.
3. The number of devices for water in a private house.
4. Required amount of resource.

The information obtained will allow competently and professionally to draw up a water supply project for the building, taking into account permanent residence.

Advantages and disadvantages of a typical water supply scheme for a private house from a well

from underground workings, in comparison with the central supply system, has several advantages:

1. Ensuring the household needs of the house without the participation of the city water utility.
2. No monthly subscription fee.
3. The force of pressure and the quality of drinking water depend only on the material capabilities of the user.
4. The volume of the resource is regulated by the owner of the house based on the amount of installed equipment.

Plumbing in the country from underground workings.

Flaws:

1. The depth of aquifer placement depends on regional conditions.
2. If an artesian well is used, then the price of the finished working is high.
3. The need to install additional devices (pump, automation, caisson, etc.).
4. With a weak horizon, there is a possibility of siltation of the channel.

Features of the tower water supply scheme in a private house from a well

The tower method of supply involves the installation of an additional tank at the top of the building. To adjust the filling level of the tank, the tank is equipped with a float valve.

A submersible pump pumps water through an open valve into the expansion chamber. At the same time, the float gradually rises under the action of the liquid, dragging the mechanism flap along with it, and upon reaching the maximum planned threshold, it shuts off the flow.

Scheme of a well for water in a private house with a pump and two-stage supply

Device diagram.

With a two-stage method of supplying a resource to the system, an additional pump is inserted behind the storage tank, and a hydraulic accumulator is placed behind it. This method allows you to stabilize the pressure in the line even with a low power supply station.

After filling the expansion tank, water from the tank flows by gravity into the pump chamber, which pumps it into the membrane cavity of the unit. The diaphragm of the device at the right moment pushes the liquid further along the line, thereby maintaining the necessary pressure force at all flow points.

Well construction

If you have decided what is best for water supply, a well or a well in the country, then get to work. In order to build a well, you first need to find a place near the house where, if built, there will be enough water.

In simple words, find an aquifer to supply the house with water. Aquifers are considered to be clayey and sandy. Only they will supply you with clean and tasty water in the well for your home. Artesian water lies even deeper than sandy water and is considered ideally clean for use in the home.

It is strongly not recommended to arrange water supply from the upper layers of the soil, and when equipping water supply systems, carefully construct the protection of the well from such waters entering it. In addition, the future well with water for the house should be located away from cesspools, premises where animals are kept and other sources of pollution. There should be no dilemma for you, what is better for water supply - clean or polluted water in the well for the house.

The easiest way to determine the location of the future water supply is to build a well for the house near the old well. Another method is the test drilling method. But it is suitable for those who do not have financial problems. You can use hydrological maps of the area by contacting the appropriate agency that has them available.

You can use folk methods finding water for well. Signs of the presence of water on the site are the appearance of water in the basements of the house, the appearance of fogs, the location of natural reservoirs nearby, the presence of midges, rich vegetation even in dry periods. Not a bad method of dowsing, which has proven itself to be quite reliable. You can talk a lot about folk signs, but our today's conversation is about how to properly build a well for a house.

The next most important is the choice of material for the well. You can make a log house out of wood, or choose reinforced concrete rings

Of the tree species, larch, oak, elm are suitable. If you choose from a position of strength and durability, then concrete rings for the construction of a well look preferable. But not without reason, from time immemorial, people used wood for construction. Water from such a well for the home is much softer and tastes good.

If the water is deep, then you need to dig a hole for the well in a tubular way. In other words, a place under the well makes its way, but such work will require special equipment. If the water is not deep, then the hole is dug by hand, with a shovel - this is a small minus, but if you wish, you can use the technique.

At the bottom of the gravel pit, a bottom filter is made of three layers: the first is 10 cm thick of fine gravel, the second is 15 cm of their larger stone, and the third is also 15 cm of coarse gravel. If the soil layer is too liquid, then first boards with holes are laid on it and only then a gravel pillow. The log cabin of the well is made in dimensions of 70x100-120 cm.The crowns of the well are assembled on the surface and fastened together either with staples or in a paw with spikes and assembled with the help of dowels.

When building a well from concrete rings, adhere to the following algorithm:

• the first ring is installed to a depth of approximately 1m;
• soil is chosen from under it, the ring settles;
• put the next ring, etc.;
• then choose the soil inside the rings

The seams must be cemented or laid with hemp, otherwise the tightness of the well will be broken. Then a cap is made and in this work you can show your imagination and make it in the original style. The cap, in its essence, is protection against debris, rainwater and other foreign substances entering the well. Its height should be from 80 cm to 1m. A clay piping 150 cm high is made around the well, and a concrete layer is placed on top of it. Now there is a lid and a visor over the well and the well is ready.

Advantages and disadvantages of a well

Even during a dry summer, you will not be limited in the supply of water

• installation will cost more than well equipment;
• necessary filters for water purification;
• in the absence of electricity supply, water cannot be collected;
• it is impossible to constantly monitor the general condition of the installation;
• the volume of water does not depend on changing weather factors.

In terms of ease of use, both methods are no different - if a pumping station is equipped and the system is fully automated, this will completely forget about the hassle of delivering water to the house, there will be no need to draw water with a bucket.

Wells are a labor-intensive but reliable option

To equip a well is much more difficult and expensive than a well. They are divided into two main types, which depend on the type of drilling and technology - artesian and filter.

Filter (sand) wells

Such a well is equipped when water flows at a depth of up to 50 m. The minimum depth for arrangement is ten meters. The device of the filter well is as follows:

1. Casing.
2. Submersible pump.
3. Filter.
4. head.

Water from a sandy well is enough for a small suburban area or house. But it should be borne in mind that its durability is no more than 15 years, in addition, every year you will have to clean or replace the entire filter. In addition, if the neighbors on the site also drill a filter well, then one aquifer will simply be divided into several houses.

Artesian wells

Such a well is the most complex and expensive, because its depth will be at least 40 meters.

An additional difficulty is low pressure, and powerful and expensive pumps have to be used to bring water to the surface. But if you drill such a well and properly equip it, the quality and duration of its work will be enough in excess (not even for one hundred years). And the volume of water will allow equipping one device at once on several sites.

You can also highlight the additional advantages of the "artesian":

1. Superior performance.
2. Getting water at any time of the year.
3. No pollution of water by the upper layers of the soil.
4. Can be used with any regularity.

When building a well, it is necessary to place it as far as possible from sources of dirt, which can be garbage pits, toilets, baths, etc. The minimum distance is 30 meters. As for the wells, since their depth is much greater, this distance can be reduced up to 15 meters

In addition, it is important not to make wells near the banks of rivers or ravines, as dirty groundwater will fall into it.

You can find out how far a water well should be from a septic tank in this article, and here you will read how to choose the most correct place for arranging a well.

Aquifers and their occurrence

The rock structure is very heterogeneous. Even in one area at a distance of a meter, the "pie" - the composition of the layers and their sizes - can differ significantly. That is why it is so difficult to find water on the site, you have to drill several wells to find a normal aquifer. There are three main aquifers:

Verkhovodka. The depth of occurrence of such waters is up to 10 meters. There is a top water, as a rule, under the first water-resistant layer - clay. In some areas, the top water is already at a depth of 1-1.5 meters, which does not please the owners of such sites - there are many difficulties. Verkhovodka - water, to put it mildly, is not of very high quality - it contains dissolved chemicals from the fields, and other pollutants. It can be used for irrigation, and in order to bring it to a state of drinking, a multi-stage purification system is required.

In each region and even in each area, aquifers are located differently.

• Sandy aquifer. Such wells are called "on the sand" lie at a depth of up to 30 meters. The water at this level is already cleaner - having passed a multi-layer "filter" of different rocks, it has already been purified. An aquiferous sandy layer is usually located under one of the underlying water-resistant layers (again, these are clays). The disadvantage of such wells or wells is a large amount of sand in the water, which requires good multi-stage filtration.It is better not to use vibration pumps in such sources - they raise sand.
• Artesian waters. The aquifer at this level is usually limestone. The depth of occurrence is about 50 meters. The water is always very clean, with a rich mineral composition. The disadvantage is the great depth, therefore, the cost of drilling is high, and the pump is also expensive. But artesian wells may not dry out for decades.

I must say that it is not difficult to find a perch on the site. Knowing some features of the vegetation, having checked some points, you will determine the location of the water carrier with a fairly high accuracy.

With an aquiferous sandy layer, everything is much more complicated - the depths are serious, you have to focus mainly on the location of the wells near the neighbors, and not some indirect signs.

Depths of perched water in the Moscow region

You can find artesian water on the site only with the help of test drilling. Maps of the occurrence of aquifers can help. Since 2011 in Russia they are in the public domain (without payment). To get a map of your region, you need to send an application to ROSGEOLFOND. You can do this on their official website, or you can download the forms of the required documents, fill them out and send them by mail (with acknowledgment of receipt).

Where to get water for the house?

Wells and wells can be fed from different water horizons. The quality of water and the durability of the entire structure depend on this. All underground water horizons can be divided into three types:

1. The uppermost water layer is called perch. It is located at a minimum distance from the earth's surface. The greatest depth at which perched water can be found is only 4 m.The degree of horizon filling is directly related to precipitation. Usually most of the water here is observed during the melting of snow. The water in it practically disappears in late autumn and winter. You cannot drink from this source. Water is suitable only for watering the garden. When a well is built on the site for drinking purposes, it must be well isolated from the ingress of perched water, which can spoil the contents of the hydraulic structure.
2. Just below the upper water layer is groundwater. The filling of this horizon does not depend on seasonal precipitation, so the water level in the water intake will be the same as in the lens. Water enters this horizon in the process of filtering precipitation through the soil, from rivers and other nearby water horizons. Typically, groundwater occurs at a depth of 10 to 40 m.
3. Artesian waters pass at the greatest depth. They are located between two dense layers, therefore they are pressure. That is why when drilling a well into such a layer, water can rise above the horizon, and sometimes even gush out from the bottom. This is the cleanest horizon, since the water is reliably protected from various sources of pollution by two layers of dense impermeable rock. It is the best source for home drinking water supply. To get to this water horizon, you will have to perform a hydraulic structure with a depth of more than 40 m.

To get to one or another aquifer, you can build one of the hydraulic structures:

• mine well;
• Abyssinian well (well-needle);
• artesian well;
• filter water intake.

To understand which is better, a well or a well, it is necessary to study the features, advantages and disadvantages of each structure. What is the difference between them, and which is cheaper?

BC 1xBet has released an application, now you can officially download 1xBet for Android by clicking on the active link for free and without any registration.

Water intake equipment

This is another nuance that must be taken into account when understanding the question of what is better in the country - a well or a well. A submersible pump can be lowered into the well, which pumps water from a shallow depth. On the market, they are represented by a wide range, where I would like to highlight such brands as "Kid", "Whirlwind", "Rucheyok".

Submersible well pump

These are low power pumps, not fastidious in operation, easy to repair, with a long service life. Their biggest plus is their low price. This device is lowered into the water, a hose or flexible plastic pipe is connected and water is pumped into the house. The only thing to note is that such pumps are not only low-power, but also have a low pressure. So it is better to install them in wells that are located next to the house.

There are so-called surface models on the market. The name comes from the fact that the device itself is located near the well or is launched into the mine with installation on a specially prepared stand. That is, it does not submerge in water. Two flexible pipes depart from the unit: one is lowered into the water, the other is brought to the house. Today, manufacturers offer surface pumps for wells, if their depth is not large.

As for the main models of pumps for wells, these are purely submersible modifications.There is a huge assortment both in terms of operational and technical characteristics, and in terms of dimensional parameters. The choice is mainly based on the power of the device, its pressure and the diameter of the body. It is under the latter that a well is being drilled.

Video description

In the video, a specialist talks about how to choose a budget option for a borehole pump for your own dacha:

We must immediately make a reservation that borehole pumps are more expensive than devices that are used to draw water from wells. Of course, this is not the main criterion that answers the question of what is better for a summer residence - a well or a well, but someone will think about it.

Well or well

When a suburban area is purchased, few people think about where the water will be taken from. But water is life. Many are unaware that there may not be water on the acquired site. Or the aquifer is deep

Therefore, it is very important to inquire about geological research before acquiring land.

Whatever ordinary people and specialists say, a well is sometimes the only option. Yes, it is not the cleanest water, but it is. Because water masses from different horizons are collected in the well. And in order to get to the purest water, it will be necessary to drill very deep, investing a lot of money. Well water can subsequently be purified, since new technologies and devices allow this to be done.

Well Water Filters

And the last selection criteria in terms of which is better a well or a well in a summer cottage:

1. Water in wells is quickly consumed, especially in the warm season. Because the upper aquifers are replenished with rain and melt water.
2. Wells need to be serviced more often than wells.
3. Well structures should be organized at a distance of 30 m from toilets, manure and cesspools, garbage bins. With wells, this figure can be reduced to 15 m.
4. A well can be drilled directly under the house by installing a pump in the basement. This should be done only before the construction of the building itself begins.

Video description

In the video, the specialist understands which is better: a well or a well in the country, all the pros and cons of two hydraulic structures:

Briefly about the main

A well is a simpler hydraulic structure that can be dug manually or by using a drilling vehicle.

It has less water that is used for autonomous water supply. In the warm season, the volume decreases.

The quality of water in a well is lower than in a well. But this problem is now solved by installing filters.

Special pumps are used to pump water from wells. They are more expensive than those used for water intake from wells.

The deeper the well, the cleaner the water, but the more expensive the drilling process.

Source

Pros and cons

Pros and cons

Choosing a place for a water source

When planning the arrangement of a water intake point, the main thing is to choose the right place for its location. The distance of the well from sources of pollution should be 31 meters, wells - 15 meters.

To avoid possible contamination of the aquifer, the well is not located in ravines and off the coast of natural reservoirs.

In addition, it is important to provide free access to the hydraulic structure for special equipment, vehicles for transporting building materials and equipment. If a residential building is erected on the site, the well is equipped at a distance of 5 meters from it

This will reduce the cost of laying the pipeline and installing the caisson

If a residential building is erected on the site, the well is equipped at a distance of 5 meters from it. This will reduce the cost of laying the pipeline and installing the caisson.

2 id="preimuschestva-i-nedostatki-kolodtsev">Advantages and disadvantages of wells

Despite the fact that wells were used in ancient times to extract water, they are still quite widespread today. During the operation, the well has practically not undergone any changes - a mine is arranged in various ways, and a house is installed on top to protect it from pollution.

In some aspects, automation has also affected wells, if earlier they were all equipped with drums with handles for manually lifting water, today simple vibration pumps, as well as deep pumps and even pumping stations, are increasingly being used.

The undoubted advantage of the well can be considered its versatility, since even the absence of electricity does not exclude the possibility of extracting water in the old mechanical way - he threw a bucket, twisted the handle and got water, everything is very simple. Most wells are equipped with pumps, since it is difficult to extract water from a considerable depth mechanically.

Villagers, as well as summer gardeners, prefer a well to a well because of its lower cost. Another point in favor of the well is the difficulty in placing special drilling equipment.For drilling a well, the dimensions of the minimum platform are 6X6 meters, which is not always possible to withstand, especially when the site is already built up. In addition, the pumps used in the well are several times cheaper than those used in the operation of the well.

When deciding to dig a well, you need to be sure that there is a relatively clean place on your site, located at a considerable distance from cesspools, railway tracks, and industrial water discharge sites. The well should be located on a hill, so that surface water does not penetrate into it, a clay castle must be properly arranged. In no case should these requirements be neglected, since pollution, after entering the water, will spread to the human body.

One of the main disadvantages of most wells is a small water intake. As a rule, the capacity of the upper aquifer allows the replenishment of water pumped out of the well at a rate of 100 to 200 liters per hour. If such a volume can be sufficient to serve a small country house, then such a volume will not be enough to maintain a greenhouse and care for a soda, a garden.

The depth of the aquifer is usually in the range of 7-15 meters, depending on the terrain. In some cases, the depth of the aquifer can reach 30-35 meters. During the construction of the Abyssinian well, it is quite possible to reach such a depth, but it is unlikely to be advisable.

It is in the depth of the aquifer in most cases that the answer to the difficult question lies - what is better than a well or a well?

The choice of the location of the well should be preceded by hydrogeological studies or, at least, the study of hydrogeological maps of the area

This is very important, because in the event of a swamp, dirty water will constantly get into the well. When digging “blindly”, the well shaft can rest against a fixed sandy layer and even against a granite belt, which will be impossible to overcome without special equipment