Country toilet drawing: popular building schemes for an independent project

With or without a pit - choose the type of project

To design a drawing, you need to decide on the type of toilet. It can be a toilet with or without a cesspool. In addition, a cesspool can be used for the benefit of the economy and produce compost in it. A building with a sealed container instead of a cesspool would be appropriate in a site where groundwater is too close to the surface of the earth.

Classic country toilet with a cesspool

The most common and familiar project of a simple toilet for a summer residence is a model with a cesspool. The principle of this design is elementary: all waste falls into a deep pit, which is located directly under the toilet booth.If the cesspool is full, a sewer is called, which pumps out all the sewage, and the toilet can be used further.

This scheme of a country toilet is time-tested. Its main advantage is that the pit does not need to be serviced for quite a long time. If the toilet is used only during the summer season, you may not even need to call a sewer at all

Since the shower in the country is as necessary as the restroom, some are trying to combine these two projects into one. If you build an outdoor shower in one part of the site, and a toilet house in the other, you will have to work pretty hard with a shovel, because a pit is needed in both cases.

By combining convenience, you can significantly reduce the labor costs for earthworks and the amount of materials needed.

Powder closet or country toilet without a pit

An easy way to draw a drawing of a toilet for a summer cottage is to design it according to the powder closet principle. This type of toilet does not imply the presence of a cesspool; all waste enters the tank directly under the toilet seat. It can be a plastic or metal tank or bucket.

Since the main problem of such toilets is an unpleasant smell, sewage is sprinkled (powdered) with absorbent substances that protect the restroom from the appearance of a specific "ambre".

In toilets of this type, there are always two containers: for collecting waste and for storing powder. Containers need to be cleaned regularly

Wood ash, peat, sawdust, sand are used as an adsorbent. By and large, powder closet with peat is a home-made variation of ready-made dry closets of industrial production, which use the same peat as a filler.

Outhouse for the benefit of business - we produce fertilizers

Another option, ideal for a summer cottage, is a toilet that produces compost. As you know, compost is an excellent organic fertilizer for plants. Natural fertilizer will never be superfluous, and a special technology allows you to produce it at an accelerated pace from almost nothing.

In order for the compost to be saturated with oxygen, it must be loosened regularly. For this, a special lever for manual mixing is provided.

The toilet is equipped with a compost pit. It is better if there are two of them, so it will be possible to use each of them in turn while the compost matures. The pits are designed in such a way that ready-made fertilizer can be easily removed. Such additional functionality will appeal to those who are worried about the environment.

Features of building a drawing

A country toilet is not such a simple design as many novice builders tend to think.

There are a number of features that are important to consider when developing a project and building drawings.

According to sanitary standards, a country toilet should not be located closer than 12 m from a residential building and 8 m from a well or well

Toilet rules:

Dimensions. Consider the dimensions of the interior of the restroom. The minimum allowable area is 1 x 1 m. If you save money and make the booth smaller, it will be inconvenient to use it

Also, special attention should be paid to the choice of a country toilet bowl.

Height. There is also a height restriction.

It is undesirable to build a toilet less than 2 m in height. To enter it, bent over, will get bored very soon.

Roof slope. When constructing a shed roof, the back wall is designed slightly lower than the front. This is done to form a roof slope and rainwater runoff behind the building.

Lighting.If you do not plan to install electric lighting, make sure that daylight enters your toilet even when the door is closed. If you don't want to mess around with windows, cut at least a small hole in the top of the door.

Ventilation. Country toilet - the building is poorly ventilated. To fix this, a ventilation pipe is run along the back wall.

Shadow. So that it is not stuffy in the country toilet in the summer, place it in a shady place.

Location on site. Another tip for choosing a construction site: avoid the proximity of a septic tank or cesspool to water intake sources, wells, wells. This is done for sanitary and hygienic reasons.

If you take into account all these recommendations, it will be much easier to draw up a project for a country toilet on your own. Image gallery

Image gallery

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According to the type of waste disposal, free-standing toilets are divided into accumulative and remote. Cumulative options involve the discharge of waste products into a cesspool, septic tank or storage tank

Pit latrines are arranged away from houses, water sources and the boundaries of neighboring plots

Remote dry closets - plumbing devices with a small storage capacity do not require a sewerage device. Waste is accumulated and composted in a small container located directly in the plumbing, which needs to be emptied regularly. The pavilion for a dry closet can be located in any convenient place

It is advisable to connect a building that combines a toilet and a shower stall to one storage tank. In this case, regular pumping of wastewater will be required as the reservoir accumulates.

A sealed storage tank, drains from which are regularly pumped out, can be located within 5 m from housing. This method of waste collection does not threaten the environment and groundwater

A toilet in a country house, visited periodically only in the summer, would be wiser to build over a cesspool without pumping out. Such pits are dug in as they are filled, and trees are planted on top. The house erected above it is simply transferred to a new location.

The volume of the cesspool, as well as the volume of the storage tank, is selected in accordance with the number of residents and the intensity of the visit

If a toilet with a storage tank or a pit that involves pumping out is arranged on a suburban area, then in addition to moving away from the house and water sources, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of access for sewage equipment

Toilet in the countryside

Construction with a cesspool

House for portable dry closet

Block shower-toilet with a common storage capacity

Installation of a storage tank for country sewerage

Cesspool without pumping

Cesspool for a large private house

Concrete storage tank

This is interesting: Calculator for calculating the pile foundation - we understand in detail

Simple design with a cesspool

By the same principle, a hut is built for a country toilet with a cesspool, but this design has its own nuances. The first nuance is the construction of a cesspool. The second nuance is that the drive must be made airtight (SanPiN standards). The drawing in this case is also different, since in addition to the design of the hut, it also contains the design of the pit.

A common drawing of a classic scheme for a country hut toilet, supplemented by a cesspool.The design is not particularly popular with summer residents, since its operation is associated with the problem of pumping and removing feces

First of all, dig a hole under the container. For a summer cottage, a volume of 2-3 m3 (maximum 5 m3) is quite enough. The size of the width of the pit, as a rule, is equal to the size of the width of the hut structure. The bottom is made with some slope back from the toilet.

The walls and bottom of the pit are waterproofed, laid out with bricks and plastered or concrete formwork is poured around the entire perimeter

This ensures the tightness of the drive, which is important in most cases of construction of such facilities.

Along with hermetic schemes, cesspools are also practiced with drainage functions in the open ground area. It is permissible to build cesspools according to such drawings, but only in places with low groundwater.

A simple example of making a cesspool for a country toilet with a drainage function. Such solutions make it possible to less frequently pump out feces. But this scheme of drains can become dangerous for the summer residents themselves.

However, the best option is still a sealed system, so we are considering building a directly isolated option.

The rear part (approximately 2/3) of the top area of ​​the storage tank is covered with a slab (metal, wood or concrete). The stove is equipped with a hatch through which feces are pumped out. The hatch, according to the standard drawing, is located at the rear wall of the building.

The rest of the upper area will be closed by the design of the toilet-hut, which will be located above the cesspool. With this construction option, the floor of the toilet is laid and fastened to the formwork, like the main structure.

It takes several hours to build the frame and floor.But with a cesspool you have to tinker.

If the shield with a hatch is made of metal, it is necessary to provide protection against corrosion. To do this, metal surfaces are coated with paint, other protective coatings are used. The wooden product must be treated with an antiseptic, varnished, painted. In fact, the method of protecting the building structure must be applied to the entire structure as a whole.

A budget version of a composting pit can be built from old tires:

Much more expensive, more complicated, but certainly more reliable and safer from an environmental point of view, a storage tank is made from a factory-made plastic tank:

Modern requirements

The times when there was no alternative to such a pit in the country are long gone. The attitude of the legislator, the executive branch to the environmental component is becoming tougher.

Groundwater level, location, unpleasant odors: all this is closely monitored.

ground water

If they are at a depth of less than 2.5 m, the cesspool will have to be abandoned. Here is the data for the Moscow region.

Rice. one

As you can see, there is no place for a cesspool even with a waterproof bottom and walls in the Moscow region. Because during the spring flood, water can overflow the pit, its contents will float around the site. Check, this situation is not only in this area. Regional maps are publicly available.

The place of the toilet on the construction plan of the suburban area

Guiding documents: SNiP 30-02-97 as amended in 2018 (confirms our right to build a toilet and a compost pit on the site), SP 53.13330.2011. Regulate distances between objects. Let's illustrate this with a diagram.

Rice. 2

The toilet must be located.

• From the house, baths - at least 12 meters.
• From the well at least 8 meters.
• From the fence (between the street or a neighbor) at least one meter.

Failure to comply with the rules entails a fine with the following wording: damage to the land, destruction of fertile soil.

Unpleasant odors

If the toilet is being built a meter from the neighbor's fence, but he has a gazebo nearby, a lawsuit is possible. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the interests of neighbors.

frame base

You can build a toilet frame with or without a foundation. In the first case, preference is given to columnar structures and monolithic concrete blocks. They are treated with roofing felt to isolate from moisture, after which they are laid in 2-3 layers. Then a floor covering is installed - boards or plates with a width of 10-15 cm and a length corresponding to the size of the future building. The construction of the floor is completed by placing a technological hole at the place where the back wall of the structure will be.

Ready flooring is treated with antiseptic agents

It is important to ensure that the coating is saturated on all sides.

Features of the construction of bricks

The construction of such material is not afraid of any weather disasters. A brick toilet does not need additional external processing, it is rarely repaired. The base and roof of such a building must also be made of rigid materials. The foundation is poured with concrete, slate, metal sheets are used for coating.

The cost of building a warm house will be an order of magnitude higher than wooden models. Their main difference lies in the technology of brickwork. Ventilation is made from a simple plastic pipe. For internal insulation, mineral wool, drywall are used.

Drawing toilet "Teremok"

This toilet is shaped like a diamond.Compared to the "Shalash", it takes longer to build, but it also looks more decorative. With appropriate design, it will not spoil the landscape at all.

Drawing toilet "Teremok" with dimensions

A diamond-shaped house for a toilet in a summer cottage looks good. Outside, the frame can be upholstered with a round timber of small diameter sawn in half, a lining of large thickness, a block house, an ordinary board. If you use a board, do not nail it end-to-end, but lay it a couple of centimeters on the bottom, like a fir cone. You can, of course, end-to-end, but the appearance will not be the same ...

The second option: the country toilet "Teremok" is made with beveled side walls.

Country toilet "Teremok" - the second project with dimensions

The main catch in any small wooden toilet is to secure the doors well. The door frame is the most loaded part, especially on the side where the doors are attached. To fasten the door pillars to the frame beams, use studs - so the fastening will be reliable.

Photo illustrations: building a toilet in the country with his own hands. The drawings are shown above.

From this simple, in general, design, you can make a restroom in any style. For example, in Dutch. The finish is simple - light plastic, on top of which characteristic beams are stuffed, stained with stain

Pay attention to the glass inserts and the fact that the roof of this instance is made of polycarbonate. If the polycarbonate is multilayer, it should not be hot)))

Country street toilet in the form of a Dutch house

You can even turn the Teremok toilet into a royal carriage. This is not a joke… confirmation in the photo.All you need to do is change the shape and add a few decorative elements that are typical for carriages. So you get a toilet in the form of a carriage.

Outdoor carriage toilet

Here are some photos of the manufacturing process. The original has a dry closet, so the construction is simple: there is no need to think about the pit and the nuances associated with it ... but you can adapt such a booth to any type ...

Frame of characteristic shape

Please note that the shape is achieved thanks to the boards set at an angle, and the smoothly tapering bottom is due to the supports trimmed accordingly. A dry closet is installed on the podium

A dry closet is installed on the podium

The floor is sewn up with short boards, then the sheathing begins from the outside. At the top, the carriage also has a smooth bend - cut out the appropriate guides from short boards, nail them to the existing side posts, and you can start the outer wall cladding.

wall cladding

Inside is also sheathed with clapboard. Outside the toilet-carriage is whitewashed, inside the wood has a natural color. After that, decoration and the addition of characteristic details remain - monograms painted with gold, lanterns, “golden” chains, wheels.

Painting and decorating

"Royal" curtains and flowers. There is even a washstand and a small sink.

View from inside the windows

After all the efforts, we have the most unusual toilet in the area. Few can boast of such...

Also suitcases in the trunk...

With cesspool

A standard, easy-to-build and install toilet for a summer residence is a house with a toilet bowl, the waste from which falls directly into a cesspool dug under the structure. It is installed exclusively on the street.Sites with a groundwater level of no higher than 3.5 m are suitable for construction, otherwise human waste products will inevitably fall into the environment. It is not recommended to dig a hole on shale rocks and in soils with natural cracks.

The depth of the otkhodnik should be 1 m below the groundwater level. The value should be taken into account on the basis of indicators obtained in the spring, when ice and snow melt. The walls and bottom of the pit are insulated with decay-resistant material - rubble, brick, concrete, tarred wood

It is important to process all joints in order to achieve tightness. Ventilation is required for this type of toilet, otherwise it will not be possible to use it due to the constant unpleasant smell.

The cesspool is covered with a removable cover. For convenient emptying, it is better to place it on the side of the road - so it will be easier for the relevant services to carry out the work of cleaning the container from waste.

Advantages and disadvantages of the combined design

A combined shower room with a toilet for a summer residence, whether it is a utility block or a modular type project, has obvious advantages over separate structures. The pluses include:

Space saving. Designing a single toilet and shower allows you to save more land for a garden or vegetable garden (especially valuable for small plots of land).

Each room has a separate entrance.

• Budget savings. A free-standing toilet and shower needs an individual foundation, a roof and four walls (in a combined design, two walls are replaced by a common partition wall). All this will require the purchase of more building materials and more funding.
• Saving time.For a combined bathroom, you will need to equip one foundation, one roofing system and one cesspool (install one septic tank). Significant time savings (and, consequently, money) are obtained by organizing a common drainage, lighting and ventilation system; water supply (if provided) is also supplied to one point.

The combined building, erected with the involvement of professional builders, is expedient, functional and has no significant disadvantages. A combined bathroom built independently may have some disadvantages:

Unpleasant smell in the shower due to insufficient tightness and poor ventilation.

Such a construction is beneficial for many reasons.

• Insufficient (poorly calculated) size of the cesspool and its poor organization. With such a deficiency, the likelihood of soil and groundwater pollution increases. You will also have to use pumping services more often, which means an increase in maintenance (maintenance) costs.
• A do-it-yourself shower cabin with a toilet for a summer residence is rarely equipped with a complete infrastructure. To use the shower, you will need to take care of it in advance. You will have to carry water, pour it into a container on the roof and wait until it warms up enough. The task is complicated in cloudy weather and in the presence of a large family.

And about design

The fact that the design follows from the functionality and should not go to the detriment of it is an elementary truth. However, the functionality of the toilet is unsightly, and this is not a complex. All living things are vulnerable when performing natural needs. Shame is just a manifestation of the instinct of self-preservation. The reproductive instinct may overpower him, but urination and defecation are not intercourse.Therefore, in the design of the toilet, you need to know very well and carefully observe the measure.

For example, you don’t need to force the toilet to repeat: “No, I’m not a toilet!”, As in pos. 1-3 rice

It's clumsily done or with high skill, it doesn't matter. You get something like an excuse for a certain character: “Boss, I didn’t steal a green crocodile lop with 185 bucks and 50 cents and a photo of a 30-year-old blonde with a boy of school age!” What followed: “And I, you sloppy cormorant, did I tell you which wallet was stolen?” Since the cabin is striking, what kind of secrecy of departure is there

Examples of unsuccessful and successful design of street toilets

Pos. 4-6 illustrate a generally legitimate approach - disguise. We will modestly keep silent about our essence, and whoever needs it will show it or find it on its own. There is scope for design delights, but only with great experience, taste and ability to work. Otherwise, something like pos. 7-9, at the sight of which both the designer and the psychiatrist agree on one thing: this is not design.

When designing a toilet, it is best to remember: what is natural is not ugly, even if it cannot be flaunted. Specifically, natural disguise for this need: vegetation, stone, pos. 10-12. Rustic primitivism and phytodesign are by no means at enmity, pos. 11. But since the booth is larger than a person and the view from it is worse, it is advisable to place a booth of simple natural forms among the trees, pos. 10. Or, as usual in bushes, hide among small phytoforms so that it is not visible, pos. 12. In this case, this is the most natural and, therefore, the best technique. And the most hygienic.

***

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Types of country toilets

Consider three types: backlash - powder closets, dry closets.

play closet

It got its name from the ventilation duct, combined with the chimney. Due to its heating, traction is formed. Naturally, no odors. In summer, to create draft, a simple heater such as an incandescent lamp for 15–20 W is built into the lower part of the chimney.

The pit is periodically pumped out.

It should have one outer wall, a window is arranged in it.

Rice. 3. 1 - chimney; 2 - backlash channel; 3 - insulated cover; 4 - standard sewer hatch; 5 - ventilation pipe; 6 - clay castle; 7 - brick walls.

Rice. 4. Indoor play closet with individual ventilation

A rather complicated, but impeccable sanitary design. The calculation of the volume is as follows: when cleaning once a year, 1 cubic meter per person: with four - 0.25 cubic meters. For any calculation, the depth is at least 1 meter: the level of the contents should not be less than 50 cm from the ground.

The pit is airtight: a concrete bottom is poured over the clay castle, the walls are also concrete or lined with bricks. Internal surfaces are insulated with bitumen. The vent must always be higher than the edge of the waste pipe.

Of course, such a scheme does not quite fit into the concept of a country house, but this type of toilet will not cause claims from either neighbors or local authorities.

It is very important!. Same street type design

The same design of the street type.

Rice. 5; 1 - ventilation duct; 2 - sealed cover; 3 - clay castle; 4 - hermetic shell of the pit; 5 - content; 6 - impact board; 7 - ventilation window.

There are a lot of designs of the toilet seat, it is produced specifically for such toilets and sanitary ware.

Rice. 6. Toilet bowl for play closets.

Inner hole diameter 300mm, cover not included.

cleaning

Over time, silt forms in the pit, which prevents the liquid from draining. As a result, the hole quickly fills up.

In order to restore its filtration, craftsmen advise mixing the contents by chemical means: quicklime, calcium carbide, yeast. A positive effect can be observed in 1 - 2 cases out of 10. In the rest - big troubles.

Today there is a wide range of biological agents and stimulants for cesspools that eliminate sludge without noise and dust, turn the contents into compost, suitable for growing even vegetable crops.

Of course, this takes time: at least 2 - 3 years, depending on the average annual temperature, strict adherence to the manufacturer's instructions, especially in terms of application. The smell can be eliminated within a few weeks.

If it does not make practical sense or is contrary to cultural traditions, calling a special vehicle will solve all problems. When such visits seem costly, it is time to consider another option, which we will discuss below.

Sanitary standards

You will have to build a country toilet with your own hands with a cesspool, taking into account the fact that with an average daily flow of less than 1 cubic meter, it can have an open bottom, from above it can only be closed.

It is released from the contents at least 2 times a year. The signal for this is the content level is less than 35 cm from the ground level.

Disinfection of cesspools of street latrines is carried out with a mixture of such a composition.

• Lime chloride 10%.
• Sodium hypochlorite 5%.
• Naphtalizol 10%.
• Creolin 5%
• Sodium metasilicate 10%.

Pure dry bleach is prohibited: releases deadly chlorine when wet.

Powder closet

Here the pit is replaced by a small container. There are buckets with a sealed lid, which is removed before the procedure. At its end, the contents are “powdered” with organic material. There is a smell when the lid is open, especially in hot weather. The use of biopreparations significantly reduces it.

Rice. 7. 1 - ventilation window; 2 - cover; 3 - toilet seat; 4 - capacity; 5 - wooden frame; 6 - frame base; 7 - gravel and crushed stone backfill; 8 - door.

The advantages of this design is that an outdoor toilet is not necessary for it. It can be a corner of an outbuilding, a basement. The presence of a ventilation window or pipe is required.

Closet powder easily transforms into compost and vice versa. A rational solution is to combine it with a shower or utility room.

Rice. 8. Combined structure.

Modern models are presented by Elena Malysheva.

The electric toilet leaves behind a handful of ash, but you can't use it as fertilizer. This also applies to chemical devices.

Choosing the best place to build a toilet

To construct such a building as a toilet, you first need to choose a suitable place and choose the type of structure. When choosing a space to create a structure, it is advisable to take into account the convenience of approach and sanitary standards.

As an alternative, but more time-consuming option, this is the construction of a septic tank with your own hands.

• It is recommended to install such a structure in the range of 30 meters from the nearest wells and wells with water. But here it is worth considering both your site and neighboring cottages.
• The territory of the country type is used not only for the purpose of growing vegetables, fruits and other crops, but also a place to relax from the bustle of the city. Installing a toilet in plain sight is wrong. It is better to choose a secluded place that is not in sight, for example, near the house.
• When inspecting the site, it is worth considering the direction of the winds, when it is hot in summer, a stench will come from the toilet, in this case it should be blown out by a draft in the direction where residential structures are not located. If there is not enough space on the territory for placement, then it is better to design it on one side of the house, but there should be no windows on the wall. But you should not dig a sewer hole near the veranda or gazebo, where you can relax in the evening, the aroma from the structure will interfere with spending time in such buildings.
• The equipped cesspool will fill up over time and will need to be pumped out. When choosing a site for construction, it is desirable to take into account this factor. For pumping, an entrance for a sewage truck is required.
• If groundwater predominates on the ground, it is better to dig a hole and place an airtight container in it to accumulate feces. If groundwater is located below two meters, then you can dig and equip a drain hole.
• According to the recommendations of experts, the territory should be chosen within 10 meters from residential buildings, but if a sealed tank is placed in the pit for the accumulation and disposal of waste, then a structure can be constructed at a distance of five meters from the house. But so that with a fruit plot it is located in the range of four meters.

The landscape of the territory will help to choose a suitable place for organizing construction.If the site is hilly, then it is better to dig a drain for building on the lowest point. Thus, the foundation of the house and the well will be located above the toilet, and it will not pollute the drinking water and the basement of the house. The sewer pit, as everyone knows, greatly affects the quality of water and land. For this reason, it is recommended to install storage tanks in the pits that are airtight and do not let sewage through.