Brain diseases
The list of brain diseases is impressive. Here are just the most common ones:
Alzheimer's disease.
In fact, this disease is a variant of self-destruction of the body, which begins to produce a protein with unnatural properties. The protein is deposited directly in the brain tissues with remarkable plaques, the presence of which determines the diagnosis. Atrophy of nerve cells develops, during which the body gradually ceases to function normally and dies.
Medicines give only a temporary respite, and the reasons for such a failure have not yet been established.
Stroke was previously considered a disease of the elderly.
Today he is strikingly younger, striking at the age of 20-30 years.
The essence of this disease of the brain in circulatory disorders. There are two types, ischemic and hemorrhagic, depending on the cause of the manifestation. Ischemic stroke occurs more frequently at night characteristic violations in work blood supply to a part of the brain or its complete cessation.In a dream, a part of the body may become numb and there will be problems with speech, or the patient will not be able to speak at all. In addition, a cerebral infarction accompanies, softening the tissues. G
Hemorrhagic is provoked by serious stressful situations. Occurs during the day, often paralyzed on one side of the limb, convulsions or vomiting begin, speech functions worsen, there may be loss of consciousness.
The first signs of both options are tinnitus, general weakness, complaints of heaviness in the head. Treatment and recovery are long, depending on the type of stroke.
Tumor.
Neoplasms can be malignant and benign, but they still cause an increase in intracranial pressure.
Symptoms are headache, vomiting, impaired thinking and memory.
If in the early stages a positive prognosis is possible due to successful surgical intervention, then advanced cases are not treated.
Epilepsy.
Has many forms, always chronic. The reason is failures of the bioelectric function of the brain. Violations can affect part of the brain or all at once. Age does not matter, it can occur in children, and the causes of childhood morbidity have not been established. For adults, alcoholism is one of the options.
The disease manifests itself in two variants: generalized and local.
In the first case, both hemispheres are involved. Most often there is a large convulsive, in which the patient not only loses consciousness, but also tonic tension. The first minute the body arches, the head throws back, breathing stops, the skin turns blue. Further, breathing appears along with convulsions, control over the body is completely lost, involuntary urination or biting of the tongue may occur.After a seizure, a person feels very tired.
The atonic variety consists in a sharp decrease in muscle tone, after which the person simply falls. Seizures in children are characterized by "freezing", when the gaze freezes, the eyelids twitch, and the child turns off from the outside world.
Local can be simple, with convulsions, trembling, numbness and loss of sensation in different parts of the body. In complex cases, hallucinations, nervousness, loss of contact with the outside world are characteristic.
In order to reduce the likelihood of relapse, it is necessary to protect the patient from stress, including sudden noise or light, and to exclude alcohol. Supportive medication is prescribed.
The list of brain diseases can be continued for a long time, but each of them seriously affects the health of the patient and can lead to irreparable consequences.
3. Pigmentation
After the end of summer, many women notice the intense appearance of a variety of age spots. It can be both freckles and solar lentigo, which can be dealt with with the help of various bleaching agents. If lentigo appeared a long time ago, and melasma is already in its place, you can’t do without the help of a cosmetologist.
The fact that the sun is increasingly hiding behind the clouds is not a reason to stop using sunscreen. You need to protect your skin from the sun throughout the year. So you prevent the appearance of freckles and age spots, dryness and premature aging.
Ultraviolet penetrates the skin even through the glass of a window in a room or in a car.Therefore, cosmetologists insist on using SPF products on cloudy days, but they recommend looking at light textures that are “friendly” with make-up, but at the same time care for the skin and do not irritate it.
Prevention of premature aging
Changes in skin tone or texture
As a general rule, skin tone and texture change as a person ages, but at any age, the condition of your skin signals problems in your body.
If suddenly your skin has become excessively dry and flaky, then it makes sense for you to check your thyroid gland. The ability of this critical organ to function depends on several factors, and a weak thyroid may indicate that your adrenal glands may not be producing certain hormones. It makes you feel tense and doesn't feel young.
Both the thyroid and adrenal glands depend on the small and large intestines to efficiently remove waste from the body.
The rate at which your body ages comes down to how clean or polluted your gut is. Work to clean it up on a regular basisand you will see how your skin will glow.
How to solve a problem: Give your adrenals and your thyroid a rest by cutting out legumes and caffeine. Legumes, including soy, can suppress thyroid function and also harm the enzymes that synthesize thyroid hormones. You don't need to start eating tofu in order to get protein from food, it is found in all plant foods.
A good source of protein is millet, which contains manganese, which is a very important mineral for the thyroid gland, as it helps to strengthen it.Manganese will also help you keep your natural hair color vibrant.
If you drink coffee for a long period of time in order to fight chronic fatigue, then this can lead to kidney problems in some cases. What's more, high and low lows appear during coffee drinking. The endless cycle of relapse and then waking up and staying awake is very hard on our bodies.
Start the day with a green smoothie, it will energize you without sudden drops and without harming your organs.
When you stop relying on caffeine and refined sugar to get through your day and instead build your diet around healthy foods, your energy levels throughout the day will be consistent and your organs will begin to regenerate.
If you want to cheer up, and your hand is already reaching for coffee, replace it with bee pollen. If you are allergic to these products, then consult a specialist and try just a little at first. With pollen, you will not only get a dose of beauty minerals, you will increase your energy levels, immunity and stamina.
There are other ways to get energy without relying on caffeine, some of which are also great liver and kidney detoxifiers. Just eat onions, carrots, cabbage and lemons.
brain problems
4. Trouble finding the right words
Even a healthy 40-year-old can find himself having trouble finding words when speaking.
If you often find it difficult to remember elementary vocabulary bases, primarily words that are often used in everyday life, this may be the first sign of cognitive disorders.
Difficulties in the parts of the brain that control language and are responsible for speaking (the left temporal or parietal lobe) can often mean the development of Alzheimer's disease, as well as other neurodegenerative disorders associated with structural brain damage or stroke-related damage, Dr. Holtzman explains.
5. Trouble completing tasks
Another early sign of Alzheimer's can be problems with executive function. These problems are related to an area of the brain called the prefrontal cortex.
“Executive function is higher-level thinking,” says Dr. Wasserman. So if someone has trouble managing and completing tasks, as well as reasoning and solving elementary problems, these are all possible early signs of Alzheimer's disease."
6. Difficulty driving
Experts say people with brain dementia may not realize that they have a real problem with driving.
However, others from the outside may pay attention to the fact that such problems do exist.
A number of physical factors can contribute to a decline in the ability of older people to drive (such as vision problems). However, decreased concentration and driving problems can also occur due to Alzheimer's disease, as well as other forms of dementia.
Brain-related illnesses can cause problems while driving on the road, affecting memory and decision-making skills.
Therefore, if an adult has a lack of orientation, forgetfulness when finding familiar places, etc., it is imperative to contact a specialist.
It is possible that we are talking about serious ailments of the brain, and only a doctor can determine the severity of the disease.
7. Mood swings, personality change
Feeling or even listlessness should also cause concern.
“If a person has suddenly become more passive, or if they have persistent manifestations of depression, this can also be an additional sign of cognitive impairment,” explains Dr. Holtzman.
“It could be caused by changes taking place in the frontal lobe of the brain. The cause could also be the same Alzheimer's disease or other serious brain diseases."
8. Anxiety and loss of balance
When it comes to serious brain disorders, some other physical symptoms may also show up. For example, multi-infarct dementia may be accompanied by the following physical signs: loss of balance, shaking and pain in the limbs, and some types of hallucinations, including auditory hallucinations.
9. Loss of olfactory receptors
Not only is a decrease in your ability to smell an early sign of the degenerative disorder Parkinson's disease, the region of your brain responsible for smells has also been linked to Alzheimer's.
Indeed, several studies conducted in 2016 proved that specialists can detect the early stage of Alzheimer's disease by testing a person for the ability to identify odors.
If the patient loses the ability to identify aromas, this is most likely a call to urgent medical attention.
10. Hearing loss
In fact, there are many causes of hearing loss, from infection to a perforated eardrum, but Alzheimer's may be one of them, experts say.
According to scientists, the plaques formed in the brain can affect the ability of the auditory center to function normally.
If there is one important point that Dr. Wasserman would like to make clear, cognitive changes such as memory loss or delayed reactions that interfere with your normal life should not be taken as a normal stage of aging.
Cognitive changes affecting daily life are a reason to talk to your doctor to find out what the real extent of the problem is.
Decreased memory and thinking, signs visible to others, are a clear change in your health. All these signs should prompt a person to investigate whether there are reasons beyond normal aging, experts insist.
Diet
A properly formulated diet will help improve brain performance. Proteins, polyunsaturated fats, and carbohydrates are needed to nourish the body.
It is important that all products are rich in vitamins, minerals, contain antioxidants - substances that neutralize oxidative processes in the body.
General recommendations for menu planning:
- Don't overeat. Excess calories lead to obesity, increase the risk of vascular damage, chronic diseases. Evenly distribute the daily norm of food, for 3-5 meals.
- Don't starve. Strict diets lead to a lack of nutrients in the body.
- Don't forget about water. For an adult, the norm of fluid per day is 1.5-2 liters. Instead of water, you can drink tea, natural juices, unsweetened compote.
- Cut down on sweets. Fast carbohydrates stimulate the synthesis of insulin. The hormone is important for energy, good brain function, but an abundance of sweets raises blood sugar levels, increasing the risk of diabetes.
- Avoid frying. Grilled, steamed, stewed or boiled dishes will bring benefits to the brain.
Healthy foods
To maintain a balance of vitamins and minerals, the basis of the diet should be foods that contain:
- Indigestible carbohydrates - grain or black bread, brown cane sugar, wild rice.
- Proteins and amino acids - white meat, eggs, dairy products, green leafy vegetables, avocados and nuts.
- Unsaturated fats and phosphorus - pumpkin seeds, seafood or sea fish, celery, soy.
- Sulfur - cucumbers, garlic, carrots, cabbage.
- Zinc, calcium, magnesium - oysters, beef, bran, grapes, apricots, pumpkin.
- Vitamins of groups E, C, B - fresh fruits, vegetables, offal.
Junk food
- Too fatty food. The use of semi-finished products, fast food, smoked meats or sausages leads to the deposition of cholesterol on the walls of the veins, increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and brain atrophy.
- Sweets, pastries. Sharp jumps in blood sugar cause a decrease in concentration, increase the risk of depression, impair memory.
- Alcohol. Alcoholic drinks lead to the death of neurons, can cause blockage of blood vessels and stroke (bleeding into the brain).
- Caffeine, chocolate. These products are really invigorating, but the energy they release is too short-lived. The norm of drinking coffee per day is 2-3 cups, and chocolate with a cocoa content of at least 50% - 3-4 pieces.
New study on the background of previous ones
Previous research has linked the gene to a rare form of dementia called frontotemporal degeneration. However, a new study shows that this gene is much more widely associated with brain aging and determines how well older people maintain their cognitive functions. To determine what might control brain aging, the two researchers analyzed genetic information from more than 1,200 human brain samples from people who were not diagnosed with any neurodegenerative disease while they were still alive. They focused on a few hundred genes that had previously either increased or decreased in potency with human aging. From this data, the scientists compiled a chart they called "differential aging." This graph showed the difference between the present (or chronological) age of the brain and its actual age.
HD Matrix LED headlights: Audi A7 with Tesla-Fighting Powertrain
Rasputin in the trailer for the British intelligence film King's Man: The Beginning
I make a thick mixture of eggplant and potatoes and wrap the cheese: roll recipe
Long term memory loss
If your memory problems also involve events that happened years or decades ago, you may be dealing with a different type of aging disorder. People with Alzheimer's usually retain long-term memory, but some forms of dementia can have problems with it. Often, such problems are associated with multiple microstrokes, which disrupts blood circulation in damaged brain tissues.As a result, the areas responsible for memory are not able to perform their functions. If you notice that you or your loved one is having difficulty remembering the past years, you should be on your guard.
I make a thick mixture of eggplant and potatoes and wrap the cheese: roll recipe
The guy fulfilled the dream of his mother, and bought her a house with honestly earned money
Rasputin in the trailer for the British intelligence film King's Man: The Beginning
What happens in the body
There are biological and calendar (by date of birth) age of a person. Biological age depends on the rate of extinction, the physiological state of all organs and systems, and the degree of adaptation of the individual in the environment. To determine the biological age, you need to conduct a complete examination and find out what condition the organs are in and how well they function, including how much they are able to adapt to various loads.
There are the following types of aging:
- physiological or natural aging - the body fades away in accordance with the genetic "plan"; it is a slow, irreversible process that allows the individual to adapt and lead a decent life;
- pathological appearance - associated with existing chronic diseases, the addition of age-related diseases or hidden pathological (including genetic) processes; this is premature degradation, it proceeds much faster.
The biology of aging is associated with circulatory and metabolic disorders. In old age, the walls of blood vessels lose their tone, sometimes their lumen narrows (with atherosclerosis). This leads to disruption of blood circulation and blood supply to various organs and tissues.The deficiency of nutrients and oxygen accompanying such disorders leads to changes in cellular metabolism and the appearance of the following changes and accompanying signs of human aging:
- a decrease in the metabolic rate, leading to an energy deficit; symptoms: lethargy, weakness, decreased performance;
- decrease in the adaptive capacity of the human body, a sharp decrease in immunity in response to external influences; symptoms: hypothermia, stress, high loads lead to increased morbidity;
- decreased function of the heart muscle (myocardium); the heart has difficulty pumping blood into the vessels; symptoms: shortness of breath during exertion, and then at rest, the appearance of edema in the legs;
- disruption of the digestive system; food is not fully digested due to a deficiency of digestive enzymes; violation of the tone of the smooth muscles of the intestine leads to the development of constipation and re-absorption of toxic products from the intestine into the blood;
- metabolic disorders in the cells of the liver and kidneys: these processes lead to an increase in the content of toxic substances in the blood; symptoms: increasing weakness, lack of appetite, sometimes a slight increase in body temperature, bouts of nausea, vomiting;
- a decrease in the content of hyaluronic acid in tissues, which attracts water; characteristic features: the skin becomes dry, wrinkles form, dry mouth, dryness and irritation of the eyes, dryness in the genital area; irritation of the mucous membranes leads to the penetration of infection, the development of acute and chronic diseases (cystitis, vaginitis, keratitis, etc.);
- violation of blood circulation in the pelvis; this contributes to the development of chronic prostatitis and prostate adenoma in men; symptoms: urination disorders and pain;
- violation of calcium metabolism, I wash it out of the bones and increase the content in the blood; symptoms: bones become brittle, frequent fractures appear; excess calcium in the blood can lead to the development of leg cramps;
- metabolic disorders in cartilage and bone tissue; leads to the development of osteochondrosis and osteoarthrosis - metabolic lesions of the spine and joints
- decrease in skeletal muscle tone; characteristic features: posture is disturbed, flabby muscles cannot support the spine; symptoms: signs of osteochondrosis intensify, gait becomes uncertain;
- violation of the state of the neuroendocrine system; sexual function fades, thyroid function decreases; symptoms: due to a decrease in thyroid function, excess weight appears, dryness of the integument increases; violations of the nervous system leads to a decrease in intelligence; sexual function decreases, women go through menopause.
DNA damage
Changes in gene expression - the process by which hereditary information from a gene (a sequence of DNA nucleotides) is converted into RNA or protein - may play a role in neuronal aging. The genes involved in synaptic plasticity are less active in the brains of older people than in the brains of younger people. These genes tend to show more signs of DNA damage, which accumulate over the course of life and contribute to the aging process in the brain and body.
Neuronal connections in the brain weaken with age
Human and rodent studies show that damage contributes to age-related memory decline and cognitive decline. Rodents with more damage perform worse on memory tests, and people with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease show more signs of DNA damage compared to healthy people. Moreover, the energy demands of the brain may make the organ more vulnerable than other tissues to the metabolic changes that occur with aging.
Signs of human aging
Here are the official signs that you are starting to age:
1. Forget people's names.
2. Going bald.
3. Talk about your joints and illnesses often.
4. Grunt when you bend over.
5. Don't know the songs that are in the top of popularity.
6. You keep losing your keys, glasses, bag.
7. You have hair on your ears, eyebrows, nose, face.
8. Afraid to lift weights because of back problems.
9. Say the phrase: "In our time ..".
10. Can't sit cross-legged on the floor.
11. Do not like noisy places.
12. Choose comfortable clothes and shoes, preferring them to fashionable ones.
13. Every evening you fall asleep in front of the TV screen.
14. Think that teachers and doctors look very young.
15. You catch diseases more often.
16. Say: "This was not the case in my youth."
17. Complain about many things.
18. Need an afternoon nap.
19. Feel tired immediately after waking up.
20. Can't understand modern technology.
15 mistakes that make you look 10 years older
21. Find that you don't understand what young people are talking about.
22. Among your colleagues there are those who have no idea what a cassette is.
23.Behind everyday technologies like tablets and TVs.
24. Complain about the absolute nonsense that is shown on TV.
25. Spend a lot of time comparing symptoms of illness and injury with your friends.
26. Your friends started getting sick more often.
27. Can't remember a single name of modern musical groups.
28. Thinking about taking a tour without kids.
29. Know your alcohol limit.
30. Think that there is nothing worse than going to a music festival.
31. Don't go out without a coat or jacket.
32. Put everyday items in the wrong places.
33. Switch from one radio station to another.
34. Started driving very slowly.
35. It's not so easy for you to lose weight anymore.
36. Bought a smartphone, but do not use any functions other than calls.
37. Waiting for another cup of tea.
38. Spend more money on face creams and anti-aging products.
39. Fall asleep after one glass of wine.
40. Think you have the right to say exactly what you think, even if it's impolite.
41. You like it when they ask for your passport.
42. Pay with cash, not with a card.
43. Prefer to spend the evening playing board games instead of having fun out of the house.
44. You are criticized for politically incorrect opinions.
45. Your ears have gotten bigger.
46. On Sunday you go for a walk instead of sleeping.
47. You agree to drive instead of drinking.
What is aging
This is a natural biological process of a destructive nature. It gradually leads to disruption of the body, its survival in the environment.A decrease in the work of all organs and systems leads to a limitation of the general capabilities of the body, the appearance of age-related chronic diseases and an increase in the risk of dying.
Historically, it so happened that the essence of life, senile fading and death is considered not only in the biological, but also in the philosophical aspect. Unlike animals, degradation and death of a person are associated not only with biological, but also with socio-economic processes, as well as with the preservation of mental abilities.
Factors affecting the rate of extinction and life expectancy: heredity, the state of internal organs and systems, socio-economic status and the degree of human interest in maintaining vigor and health. Therefore, the biological age of a person does not always coincide with the lived years. According to WHO recommendations, the following age categories are distinguished:
- 45 - 59 years - average age;
- 60 - 74 years old - elderly;
- 75 - 90 years - senile;
- over 90 years old - centenarians.
The science dealing with aging is called gerontology, and the branch of medicine that studies the diseases of the elderly and senile people is called geriatrics.
Problem symptoms
Experts say that the following symptoms indicate that the brain has begun to age:
- Memory worsens;
- Decreased motivation to perform habitual activities;
- Difficulties develop in making certain decisions;
- New information begins to be assimilated worse;
- There are irritability, changes in character (often negative), an excessive tendency to moralizing;
- Decreased sense of humor
- Depression and a feeling of fatigue appear;
- Increased anxiety develops and fears of the future appear.
This all happens naturally against the background of a decrease in the amount of dopamine. Often, age-related changes in the brain affect sleep - it is disturbed, becomes less qualitative, and does not provide an opportunity to rest.
In the presence of such symptoms, it is possible to determine whether you have really started brain aging by doing a computed tomography. It will show as fully as possible what is happening with the organ, which parts of it suffer.
The gene that can protect you from dementia?
This gene, called TMEM106B, kicks in around the time a person is 65 years old. Shortly thereafter, people who carry the bad version of the gene will have brains that look 10 to 12 years older than the brains of people who carry the good, effective version of the gene. The finding could help doctors determine which people are at increased risk for neurological disease because they carry the bad version of the gene. It could also help develop drugs that target this gene to give people a healthier brain aging.
Cleanses the blood of toxins: why sage tea is considered a longevity drink
Cheerful mother posted a photo of a “real lockdown” with children on the Web
Switching to Cold Brew Coffee in Summer: Cold Brew Benefits and Recipes
