10 TV shows that everyone who grew up in the 90s remembers

There would be a wish

Children of the 90s remember well the difficulties that their parents had to face. The country was changing before their eyes. However, many trials only tempered.

“I was born in 1982 in Transbaikalia. My mother has become a real example of survival for me,” says journalist Nadezhda Trofimova. - She brought me up alone at that difficult time, when the salary was delayed for six months or was given out by barter, for example, Rolton noodles. I remember how we saved money for my education, and then, in 1998, the economy collapsed and all the savings turned into pennies. Then I realized what to count in this life you can only on yourself. From the 8th grade she dreamed of becoming a journalist. Mom didn't like the idea. Who remembers, in the 90s, journalists were often killed. But in the end the dream came true. A silver medal and work experience in a local newspaper helped to enter the budget. She willingly took up the job in order to independently pay for a rented apartment. In 2006, I decided to move to Krasnoyarsk. Mom helped me a lot, paid for the purchase of a hotel. She got married in 2008 and became a mother herself. When my daughter grew up, we decided to enter into a mortgage and buy an apartment. We've been making payments for over 5 years now.There are still 10 years of banking bondage ahead. Difficult. But this commitment makes you always be in good shape. In 2015, I visited the maternity hospital for the second time. Of course, financial difficulties accompany us all the time. But they don't scare me. If our parents have gone through difficult years, then we will cope with all the difficulties.”

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P.S.

Maternity capital has been extended until 2021. And if earlier it could be invested in improving housing, the future pension of the mother and the education of the child, now it is possible to use the certificate until the child reaches three years of age to pay for services for supervision and care in preschool institutions (kindergartens) from birth. In addition, the State Duma adopted a law on monthly payments at the birth of the first child. For example, in 2018 this amount will be 10.5 thousand rubles.

A child is a luxury

Lawyer Ksenia Starostina, at the age of 28, is in no hurry to become a mother. The girl admits that today her salary is only enough for the most necessary, and the child is already an unaffordable luxury.

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“My grandparents became parents at the age of 20, but they were confident in the country in which they lived. Medicine and education were more accessible. They knew that their work at the plant would not go unnoticed and they would receive an apartment. What can I give a child? I receive an average of about 30 thousand in my hands - in order to acquire housing, you need to take out a mortgage. Kindergarten, school - everywhere you have to pay. Requisitions have already become the norm. Plus food, toys, developing sections.Everything comes down to money, but where to get it? It's one thing when you have someone to help you. I have to rely only on myself, since there is no father, and my mother herself needs material support. Naturally, a career is more important for me now, the opportunity to earn more, ”says the girl.

And this opinion is shared by many. For potential parents, material security is more important.

“All this is a European trend, when parents become at a more mature age. And this has its advantages, - says Pavel Starikov, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences. - So, since the 40s, the duration of the reproductive cycle in women has been growing from year to year, due to which the average life expectancy has increased. It is profitable - we will live longer! But along with this, the period of growing up has also grown, when a person is truly ready to take responsibility. From this we can assume that the next generations will give birth even later.”

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Progress against humanity

The more opportunities in society for alternative self-realization outside the family, the less often people marry.

“This is very clearly seen in Europe, where women can actively participate in public and political life, conduct business, etc. These trends are also present in Russian society,” said Dmitry Trufanov, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology at the Siberian Federal University. “Young people have great opportunities for social growth, which stimulates the development of their human capital.The reverse side of this process is the gradual erosion of family orientations associated with marriage and childbearing. Another important factor is the media, in which there is little propaganda for the prestige of the family. Often the emphasis is on successful, out-of-family people who participate in competitions, are easy-going, and are engaged in professional and creative self-realization. In other words, the image of a modern successful young man in the media is poorly associated with family and children. But the main reason for the decline in the birth rate at the present time is that children of the 90s are entering their childbearing age. The fact is that in those years the number of deaths sharply exceeded the number of births. Today, this small generation itself becomes parents, but since these people are physically smaller, they produce much less offspring. Together, all these factors lead to a systemic effect of the deterioration of the demographic situation in our country.”

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Is career more important than family?

Russia has already fallen into a demographic hole. According to Rosstat, last year we reached a 10-year low in terms of the birth rate: the number of newborns decreased by 11%. This is 203 thousand children less than in 2016. And the current recession is in many ways an echo of the nineties. Today, young people aged 22-36 are consciously giving up the role of parents. The priority is buying a home, moving to another city, career growth. According to sociologists, with the development of civilization, the prestige of the family tends to decrease. And there are many reasons for that.

“The marriage behavior of young people is influenced by the system of socio-cultural and socio-economic characteristics of society.Today, young people have more opportunities to develop in different directions, gain new knowledge, travel, discover their creative potential, participate in grants, etc. In this regard, there is a clear trend towards an increase in the age of marriage for both women and men. Most people are of the opinion that when a person starts a family or has children, in the modern world it is simply necessary to have something, ”says Irina Sinkovskaya, Associate Professor, Candidate of Sociological Sciences.

The desire to acquire real estate and a decent income has led to the fact that today modern women prefer to give birth closer to 29 years. According to doctors, late childbirth is very dangerous. The older the expectant mother, the higher the risk of developing hypoxia, fetal malnutrition and Down syndrome. By the way, in late childbirth, a caesarean section is almost always prescribed, and this is already a surgical intervention.

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Decline in the birth rate - the fall of the economy

Many experts believe that the decline in the birth rate leads to the fall of the economy. So, in 20 years, the working population will be smaller, respectively, and taxes will also be less.

“The decline in the birth rate predictably leads to the fact that when the reduced generation enters the working age, on the one hand, unemployment decreases - and this could be considered a positive phenomenon. But given the rapidly changing demand for personnel due to technological progress, the effect may be reduced.On the other hand, a reduction in the share of the working-age population leads to a reduction in human capital and, therefore, may lead to a decrease in productivity; the pension and social insurance systems may become too burdensome; caring for a growing elderly population can fall entirely on the shoulders of households; the growth of the elderly population requires a significant increase in healthcare spending,” said financial analyst Anastasia Potekina.

As a result, those who will retire in 20-25 years will collect less taxes. And they should not count on an increase in benefits, financiers say. In addition, the state can take extreme measures and increase the minimum age for retirement.

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